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@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
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-<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
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+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
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<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN"
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"http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [
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<!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
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@@ -8,34 +8,26 @@
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<sect1 id="ch-intro-how">
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<?dbhtml filename="how.html"?>
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- <title>How to Build an LFS System</title>
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+ <title>如何构建 LFS 系统</title>
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- <para>The LFS system will be built by using an already installed
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+ <!--para>The LFS system will be built by using an already installed
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Linux distribution (such as Debian, OpenMandriva, Fedora, or openSUSE). This
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existing Linux system (the host) will be used as a starting point to
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provide necessary programs, including a compiler, linker, and shell,
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to build the new system. Select the <quote>development</quote> option
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during the distribution installation to be able to access these
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- tools.</para>
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+ tools.</para-->
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+ <para>LFS 系统必须在一个已经安装好的 Linux 发行版 (如 Debian,
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+ OpenMandriva, Fedora 或者 openSUSE) 中构建。这个安装好的 Linux 系统
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+ (称为宿主) 提供包括编译器、链接器和 shell 在内的必要程序，作为构建
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+ 新系统的起点。请在安装发行版的过程中选择<quote>development</quote>
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+ (开发) 选项，以使用这些工具。</para>
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- <para>As an alternative to installing a separate distribution onto your
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- machine, you may wish to use <!-- the Linux From Scratch LiveCD or --> a LiveCD from a
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- commercial distribution. <!-- The LFS LiveCD works well as a host system,
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- providing all the tools you need to successfully follow the instructions in
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- this book. The LiveCD version is behind the current book, but is still useful
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- as a host for building the current book. The <quote>-nosrc</quote> or
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- <quote>-min</quote> editions of the LiveCD are the most appropriate for
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- building a current LFS system. For more information about the LFS LiveCD or
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- to download a copy, visit <ulink url="&livecd-root;"/>. --></para>
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+ <!-- Junk here has been removed in translation -->
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+ <para>您也可以选择不安装一个单独的发行版，而是使用某个商业发行版的
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+ LiveCD 。</para>
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- <!--
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- <note>
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- <para>The LFS LiveCD might not work on newer hardware configurations,
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- failing to boot or failing to detect some devices such as some SATA hard
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- drives.</para>
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- </note> -->
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-
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- <para><xref linkend="chapter-partitioning"/> of this book describes how
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+ <!--para><xref linkend="chapter-partitioning"/> of this book describes how
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to create a new Linux native partition and file system. This is the place
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where the new LFS system will be compiled and installed. <xref
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linkend="chapter-getting-materials"/> explains which packages and
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@@ -44,16 +36,30 @@
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discusses the setup of an appropriate working environment. Please read
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<xref linkend="chapter-final-preps"/> carefully as it explains several
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important issues you need be aware of before beginning to
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- work your way through <xref linkend="chapter-temporary-tools"/> and beyond.</para>
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+ work your way through <xref linkend="chapter-temporary-tools"/> and beyond.</para-->
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+ <para>本书的<xref linkend="chapter-partitioning"/>描述了如何创建一个新的
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+ Linux 本地分区和文件系统，新的 LFS 系统将在该文件系统中被编译和安装。
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+ <xref linkend="chapter-getting-materials"/>
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+ 列举了在构建 LFS 系统的过程中必须下载的软件包和补丁，
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+ 并解释了在新文件系统中存储它们的方法。
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+ <xref linkend="chapter-final-preps"/>讨论工作环境的正确配置。
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+ 请仔细阅读<xref linkend="chapter-final-preps"/>，因为它解释了您在开始
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+ <xref linkend="chapter-temporary-tools"/>
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+ 及后续章节的工作前必须了解的一些重要问题。</para>
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- <para><xref linkend="chapter-temporary-tools"/> explains the
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+ <!--para><xref linkend="chapter-temporary-tools"/> explains the
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installation of a number of packages that will form the basic
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development suite (or toolchain) which is used to build the actual
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system in <xref linkend="chapter-building-system"/>. Some of these
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packages are needed to resolve circular dependencies—for example,
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- to compile a compiler, you need a compiler.</para>
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+ to compile a compiler, you need a compiler.</para-->
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+ <para><xref linkend="chapter-temporary-tools"/>
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+ 解释了安装大量软件包以形成基本开发套件 (或称为工具链) 的过程，
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+ 之后在 <xref linkend="chapter-building-system"/>
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+ 中将用工具链构建真正的系统。其中一些包需要解决循环依赖问题
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+ ——例如，为了编译一个编译器，您首先需要一个编译器。</para>
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- <para><xref linkend="chapter-temporary-tools"/> also shows you how to
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+ <!--para><xref linkend="chapter-temporary-tools"/> also shows you how to
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build a first pass of the toolchain, including Binutils and GCC (first pass
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basically means these two core packages will be reinstalled).
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The next step is to build Glibc, the C library. Glibc will be compiled by
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@@ -63,13 +69,28 @@
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linkend="chapter-temporary-tools"/> packages are built using this second
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pass toolchain. When this is done, the LFS installation process will no
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longer depend on the host distribution, with the exception of the running
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- kernel. </para>
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+ kernel. </para-->
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+ <para>另外，
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+ <xref linkend="chapter-temporary-tools"/>
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+ 也展示了构建第一轮工具链的过程，包括 Binutils 和 GCC
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+ (<quote>第一轮</quote>表示这两个核心软件包会被重新安装一次)。
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+ 下一步是构建 Glibc ，即 C 运行库。我们将用第一轮工具链中的程序编译
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+ Glibc 。之后，我们构建第二轮工具链，
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+ 第二轮工具链将会动态链接到新编译的 Glibc 上。
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+ 我们将使用第二轮工具链构建
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+ <xref linkend="chapter-temporary-tools"/> 中的其余软件包。
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+ 在这些工作完成后，除正在运行的内核外，
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+ LFS 的安装过程将不再依赖于作为宿主的发行版。</para>
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- <para>This effort to isolate the new system from the host distribution may
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+ <!--para>This effort to isolate the new system from the host distribution may
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seem excessive. A full technical explanation as to why this is done is provided in
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- <xref linkend="ch-tools-toolchaintechnotes"/>.</para>
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+ <xref linkend="ch-tools-toolchaintechnotes"/>.</para-->
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+ <para>我们努力将新构造的系统从宿主发行版分离出来。这个过程看上去很繁琐，
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+ 我们将会在
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+ <xref linkend="ch-tools-toolchaintechnotes"/>
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+ 完整地从技术上解释这样做的必要性。</para>
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- <para>In <xref linkend="chapter-building-system"/>, the full LFS system is
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+ <!--para>In <xref linkend="chapter-building-system"/>, the full LFS system is
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built. The <command>chroot</command> (change root) program is used to enter
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a virtual environment and start a new shell whose root directory will be
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set to the LFS partition. This is very similar to rebooting and instructing
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@@ -79,18 +100,35 @@
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just yet. The major advantage is that <quote>chrooting</quote> allows you
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to continue using the host system while LFS is being built. While waiting
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for package compilations to complete, you can continue using your computer as
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- normal.</para>
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+ normal.</para-->
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+ <para>在<xref linkend="chapter-building-system"/>中，
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+ 我们将构建完整的 LFS 系统。我们使用 <command>chroot</command>
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+ (改变根目录) 命令进入一个虚拟化环境，其中根目录被设置为 LFS 文件系统。
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+ 这与重启计算机并指示内核将 LFS 文件系统挂载为根文件系统很相似，
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+ 然而由于创建一个可引导的系统需要一些尚未完成的额外工作，
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+ 我们选择使用 <command>chroot</command> 。<quote>换根</quote>
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+ 的最大好处是，我们在构建 LFS 的过程中，可以继续使用宿主系统。
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+ 在等待软件包编译的过程中，您可以继续正常使用计算机。</para>
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- <para>To finish the installation, the basic system configuration is set up in
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+ <!--para>To finish the installation, the basic system configuration is set up in
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<xref linkend="chapter-bootscripts"/>, and the kernel and boot loader are set
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up in <xref linkend="chapter-bootable"/>. <xref linkend="chapter-finalizing"/>
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contains information on continuing the LFS experience beyond this book.
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After the steps in this book have been implemented, the computer will be
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- ready to reboot into the new LFS system.</para>
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+ ready to reboot into the new LFS system.</para-->
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+ <para>为了完成安装，我们在 <xref linkend="chapter-bootscripts"/>
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+ 中进行系统的基本设置，在 <xref linkend="chapter-bootable"/>
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+ 中配置内核和引导加载器。最后，<xref linkend="chapter-finalizing"/>
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+ 包含在阅读完本书后继续体验 LFS 的相关信息。在完成本书的所有流程后，
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+ 重启计算机即可进入新的 LFS 系统。</para>
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- <para>This is the process in a nutshell. Detailed information on each
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+ <!--para>This is the process in a nutshell. Detailed information on each
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step is discussed in the following chapters and package descriptions.
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Items that may seem complicated will be clarified, and everything will
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- fall into place as you embark on the LFS adventure.</para>
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+ fall into place as you embark on the LFS adventure.</para-->
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+ <para>以上是 LFS 构建过程的简要介绍，
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+ 针对特定步骤的详细信息将在之后章节以及软件包的简介中讨论。
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+ 在您踏上 LFS 旅程后，就能逐步理清这些看上去很复杂的步骤，
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+ 每一步都将变得非常清晰。</para>
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</sect1>
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Xi Ruoyao