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chapter08: Translate the instruction to create /etc/fstab

Xi Ruoyao 7 years ago
parent
commit
2d8b468864
1 changed files with 75 additions and 26 deletions
  1. 75 26
      chapter08/fstab.xml

+ 75 - 26
chapter08/fstab.xml

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
 <!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN"
   "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [
   <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
@@ -8,16 +8,20 @@
 <sect1 id="ch-bootable-fstab">
   <?dbhtml filename="fstab.html"?>
 
-  <title>Creating the /etc/fstab File</title>
+  <title>创建 /etc/fstab 文件</title>
 
   <indexterm zone="ch-bootable-fstab">
     <primary sortas="e-/etc/fstab">/etc/fstab</primary>
   </indexterm>
 
-  <para>The <filename>/etc/fstab</filename> file is used by some programs to
+  <!--para>The <filename>/etc/fstab</filename> file is used by some programs to
   determine where file systems are to be mounted by default, in which order, and
   which must be checked (for integrity errors) prior to mounting. Create a new
-  file systems table like this:</para>
+  file systems table like this:</para-->
+  <para>一些程序使用 <filename>/etc/fstab</filename> 文件,
+	  以确定哪些文件系统是默认挂载的,和它们应该按什么顺序挂载,
+	  以及哪些文件系统在挂载前必须被检查(确定是否有完整性错误)。
+	  参考以下命令,创建一个新的文件系统表:</para>
 
 <screen revision="sysv"><userinput>cat &gt; /etc/fstab &lt;&lt; "EOF"
 <literal># Begin /etc/fstab
@@ -48,15 +52,15 @@ EOF</userinput></screen>
 # End /etc/fstab</literal>
 EOF</userinput></screen>
 
-  <para>Replace <replaceable>&lt;xxx&gt;</replaceable>,
-  <replaceable>&lt;yyy&gt;</replaceable>, and <replaceable>&lt;fff&gt;</replaceable>
-  with the values appropriate for the system, for example, <filename
-  class="partition">sda2</filename>, <filename
-  class="partition">sda5</filename>, and <systemitem
-  class="filesystem">ext4</systemitem>. For details on the six
-  fields in this file, see <command>man 5 fstab</command>.</para>
+  <para>将 <replaceable>&lt;xxx&gt;</replaceable>、
+  <replaceable>&lt;yyy&gt;</replaceable> <replaceable>&lt;fff&gt;</replaceable>
+  替换为适用于您的系统的值,例如 <filename
+  class="partition">sda2</filename><filename
+  class="partition">sda5</filename> <systemitem
+  class="filesystem">ext4</systemitem>
+  参阅 <command>man 5 fstab</command> 了解该文件中 6 个域的详细信息。</para>
 
-  <para>Filesystems with MS-DOS or Windows origin (i.e.: vfat, ntfs, smbfs, cifs,
+  <!--para>Filesystems with MS-DOS or Windows origin (i.e.: vfat, ntfs, smbfs, cifs,
   iso9660, udf) need the <quote>iocharset</quote> mount option in order for
   non-ASCII characters in file names to be interpreted properly. The value
   of this option should be the same as the character set of your locale,
@@ -67,26 +71,52 @@ EOF</userinput></screen>
   vfat and smbfs filesystems. It should be set to the codepage number used
   under MS-DOS in your country. E.g., in order to mount USB flash drives, a
   ru_RU.KOI8-R user would need the following in the options portion of its
-  mount line in <filename>/etc/fstab</filename>:</para>
+  mount line in <filename>/etc/fstab</filename>:</para-->
+  <para>在挂载来源于 MS-DOS 或 Windows 的文件系统
+	  (如 vfat、ntfs、smbfs、cifs、iso9660、udf)时,
+	  需要指定 <quote>iocharset</quote> 挂载选项,
+	  才能正常解析文件名中的非 ASCII 字符。该选项的值应该和您的 locale
+	  字符集设定一致,但改写成内核可以识别的写法。
+	  该选项能够正常工作的前提是,将相关的字符集定义(在内核配置选项的
+	  File Systems -&gt; Native Language Support 子菜单中)
+	  编译到内核中,或构建为内核模块。另外,
+	  vfat 和 smbfs 文件系统还需要 <quote>codepage</quote> 选项,
+	  它应该被设定为您的语言在 MS-DOS 下的代码页编号。
+	  例如,为了挂载一个 USB 闪存盘,一个 ru_RU.KOI8-R 用户应该在
+	  <filename>/etc/fstab</filename> 中对应于闪存盘的行添加下列挂载选项:
+  </para>
 
 <screen><literal>noauto,user,quiet,showexec,iocharset=koi8r,codepage=866</literal></screen>
 
-  <para>The corresponding options fragment for ru_RU.UTF-8 users is:</para>
+  <para>相应的,ru_RU.UTF-8 用户应该使用下列选项:</para>
 
 <screen><literal>noauto,user,quiet,showexec,iocharset=utf8,codepage=866</literal></screen>
 
   <note>
-    <para>In the latter case, the kernel emits the following message:</para>
+    <para>在后一种情况下,内核将会输出下列信息:</para>
 
 <screen><computeroutput>FAT: utf8 is not a recommended IO charset for FAT filesystems,
     filesystem will be case sensitive!</computeroutput></screen>
 
-    <para>This negative recommendation should be ignored, since all other values
-    of the <quote>iocharset</quote> option result in wrong display of filenames in
-    UTF-8 locales.</para>
+    <para>翻译为:</para>
+<screen><computeroutput>FAT: 不推荐使用 utf8 作为 FAT 文件系统的输入输出字符集,
+    这会导致文件系统变得大小写敏感!</computeroutput></screen>
+
+    <para>这项警告信息应该被忽略,因为其他
+    <quote>iocharset</quote> 值在 UTF-8 locale 下无法正确显示文件名。</para>
+  </note>
+
+  <note><title>译注</title>
+	  <para>经译者实测,对于 UTF-8 locale 来说,应该用
+		  <quote>utf8</quote> 选项代替 <quote>iocharset=utf8</quote>,
+		  后者确实会导致文件名变得大小写不敏感(即文件 <quote>囧A</quote>
+		  和 <quote>囧a</quote> 可以同时存在)。例如,对于 zh_CN.UTF-8
+		  用户来说,应该使用的挂载选项是
+<screen><literal>noauto,user,quiet,showexec,utf8,codepage=936</literal></screen>
+	  </para>
   </note>
 
-  <para>It is also possible to specify default codepage and iocharset values for
+  <!--para>It is also possible to specify default codepage and iocharset values for
   some filesystems during kernel configuration. The relevant parameters
   are named
   <quote>Default NLS Option</quote> (<option>CONFIG_NLS_DEFAULT)</option>,
@@ -94,21 +124,40 @@ EOF</userinput></screen>
   <quote>Default codepage for FAT</quote> (<option>CONFIG_FAT_DEFAULT_CODEPAGE</option>), and
   <quote>Default iocharset for FAT</quote> (<option>CONFIG_FAT_DEFAULT_IOCHARSET</option>).
   There is no way to specify these settings for the
-  ntfs filesystem at kernel compilation time.</para>
-
-  <para>It is possible to make the ext3 filesystem reliable across power
+  ntfs filesystem at kernel compilation time.</para-->
+  <para>也可以在内核配置中,
+	  为一些文件系统指定默认 codepage 和 iocharset 选项值。
+	  相关的配置参数名为
+	  <quote>Default NLS Option</quote>
+	  (<option>CONFIG_NLS_DEFAULT</option>)、
+	  <quote>Default Remote NLS Option</quote>
+	  (<option>CONFIG_SMB_NLS_DEFAULT</option>)、
+	  <quote>Default codepage for FAT</quote>
+	  (<option>CONFIG_FAT_DEFAULT_CODEPAGE</option>)
+	  和 <quote>Default iocharset for FAT</quote>
+	  (<option>CONFIG_FAT_DEFAULT_IOCHARSET</option>)。
+	  无法在编译内核时为 ntfs 文件系统指定这些默认值。
+  </para>
+
+  <!--para>It is possible to make the ext3 filesystem reliable across power
   failures for some hard disk types.  To do this, add the
   <option>barrier=1</option> mount option to the appropriate entry in
   <filename>/etc/fstab</filename>.  To check if the disk drive supports
   this option, run
   <ulink url="&blfs-book;general/hdparm.html">hdparm</ulink>
-  on the applicable disk drive.  For example, if:</para>
+  on the applicable disk drive.  For example, if:</para-->
+  <para>在某些硬盘上,在 <filename>/etc/fstab</filename> 中添加
+	  <option>barrier=1</option> 挂载选项,
+	  可以使得 ext3 文件系统在发生电源故障时更可靠。
+	  为了检查磁盘驱动器是否支持该选项,在可用的磁盘驱动器上运行
+	  <ulink url="&blfs-book;general/hdparm.html">hdparm</ulink>。
+	  例如:</para>
 
 <screen role="nodump"><userinput>hdparm -I /dev/sda | grep NCQ</userinput></screen>
 
-  <para>returns non-empty output, the option is supported.</para>
+  <para>如果输出内容不为空,说明该选项可用。</para>
 
-  <para>Note: Logical Volume Management (LVM) based partitions cannot use the
-  <option>barrier</option> option.</para>
+  <para>注意:基于逻辑卷管理(LVM)的分区不能使用
+  <option>barrier</option> 选项。</para>
 
 </sect1>