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@@ -1,9 +1,3 @@
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-# SOME DESCRIPTIVE TITLE
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-# Copyright (C) YEAR Free Software Foundation, Inc.
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-# This file is distributed under the same license as the PACKAGE package.
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-# FIRST AUTHOR <EMAIL@ADDRESS>, YEAR.
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-#
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-#, fuzzy
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msgid ""
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msgstr ""
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"Project-Id-Version: PACKAGE VERSION\n"
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@@ -11,62 +5,66 @@ msgstr ""
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"PO-Revision-Date: YEAR-MO-DA HO:MI+ZONE\n"
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"Last-Translator: FULL NAME <EMAIL@ADDRESS>\n"
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"Language-Team: LANGUAGE <LL@li.org>\n"
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-"Language: \n"
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+"Language: zh_CN\n"
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"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
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"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
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"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
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+"X-Generator: Translate Toolkit 2.2.5\n"
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#. type: Content of: <sect1><title>
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#: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter07/createfiles.xml:11
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msgid "Creating Essential Files and Symlinks"
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-msgstr ""
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+msgstr "创建必要的文件和符号链接"
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#. type: Content of: <sect1><indexterm><primary>
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#: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter07/createfiles.xml:14
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msgid "/etc/passwd"
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-msgstr ""
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+msgstr "/etc/passwd"
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#. type: Content of: <sect1><indexterm><primary>
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#: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter07/createfiles.xml:18
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msgid "/etc/group"
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-msgstr ""
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+msgstr "/etc/group"
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#. type: Content of: <sect1><indexterm><primary>
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#: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter07/createfiles.xml:22
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msgid "/var/run/utmp"
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-msgstr ""
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+msgstr "/var/run/utmp"
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#. type: Content of: <sect1><indexterm><primary>
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#: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter07/createfiles.xml:26
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msgid "/var/log/btmp"
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-msgstr ""
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+msgstr "/var/log/btmp"
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#. type: Content of: <sect1><indexterm><primary>
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#: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter07/createfiles.xml:30
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msgid "/var/log/lastlog"
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-msgstr ""
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+msgstr "/var/log/lastlog"
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#. type: Content of: <sect1><indexterm><primary>
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#: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter07/createfiles.xml:34
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msgid "/var/log/wtmp"
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-msgstr ""
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+msgstr "/var/log/wtmp"
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#. type: Content of: <sect1><para>
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#: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter07/createfiles.xml:37
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msgid ""
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"Historically, Linux maintains a list of the mounted file systems in the file "
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"<filename>/etc/mtab</filename>. Modern kernels maintain this list internally "
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-"and exposes it to the user via the <filename "
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-"class=\"directory\">/proc</filename> filesystem. To satisfy utilities that "
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-"expect the presence of <filename>/etc/mtab</filename>, create the following "
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-"symbolic link:"
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+"and exposes it to the user via the <filename class=\"directory\">/proc</"
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+"filename> filesystem. To satisfy utilities that expect the presence of "
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+"<filename>/etc/mtab</filename>, create the following symbolic link:"
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msgstr ""
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+"历史上,Linux 在 <filename>/etc/mtab</filename> 维护已经挂载的文件系统的列"
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+"表。现代内核在内部维护该列表,并通过 <filename class=\"directory\">/proc</"
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+"filename> 文件系统将它展示给用户。为了满足那些需要 <filename>/etc/mtab</"
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+"filename> 的工具,执行以下命令,创建符号链接:"
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#. type: Content of: <sect1><screen>
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#: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter07/createfiles.xml:44
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#, no-wrap
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msgid "<userinput>ln -sv /proc/self/mounts /etc/mtab</userinput>"
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-msgstr ""
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+msgstr "<userinput>ln -sv /proc/self/mounts /etc/mtab</userinput>"
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#. type: Content of: <sect1><para>
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#: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter07/createfiles.xml:46
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@@ -74,14 +72,14 @@ msgid ""
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"Create a basic <filename>/etc/hosts</filename> file to be referenced in some "
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"test suites, and in one of Perl's configuration files as well:"
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msgstr ""
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+"创建一个基本的 <filename>/etc/hosts</filename> 文件,"
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+"一些测试套件,以及 Perl 的一个配置文件将会使用它:"
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#. type: Content of: <sect1><screen>
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#: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter07/createfiles.xml:50
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#, no-wrap
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-msgid ""
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-"<userinput>echo \"127.0.0.1 localhost $(hostname)\" > "
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-"/etc/hosts</userinput>"
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-msgstr ""
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+msgid "<userinput>echo \"127.0.0.1 localhost $(hostname)\" > /etc/hosts</userinput>"
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+msgstr "<userinput>echo \"127.0.0.1 localhost $(hostname)\" > /etc/hosts</userinput>"
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#. type: Content of: <sect1><para>
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#: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter07/createfiles.xml:52
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@@ -91,13 +89,16 @@ msgid ""
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"must be relevant entries in the <filename>/etc/passwd</filename> and "
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"<filename>/etc/group</filename> files."
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msgstr ""
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+"为了使得 <systemitem class=\"username\">root</systemitem> 能正常登录,而且用"
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+"户名 <quote>root</quote> 能被正常识别,必须在文件 <filename>/etc/passwd</"
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+"filename> 和 <filename>/etc/groups</filename> 中写入相关的条目。"
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#. type: Content of: <sect1><para>
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#: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter07/createfiles.xml:57
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msgid ""
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"Create the <filename>/etc/passwd</filename> file by running the following "
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"command:"
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-msgstr ""
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+msgstr "执行以下命令创建 <filename>/etc/passwd</filename> 文件:"
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#. type: Content of: <sect1><screen>
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#: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter07/createfiles.xml:60
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@@ -111,6 +112,13 @@ msgid ""
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"nobody:x:99:99:Unprivileged User:/dev/null:/bin/false</literal>\n"
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"EOF</userinput>"
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msgstr ""
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+"<userinput>cat > /etc/passwd << \"EOF\"\n"
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+"<literal>root:x:0:0:root:/root:/bin/bash\n"
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+"bin:x:1:1:bin:/dev/null:/bin/false\n"
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+"daemon:x:6:6:Daemon User:/dev/null:/bin/false\n"
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+"messagebus:x:18:18:D-Bus Message Daemon User:/var/run/dbus:/bin/false\n"
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+"nobody:x:99:99:Unprivileged User:/dev/null:/bin/false</literal>\n"
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+"EOF</userinput>"
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#. type: Content of: <sect1><screen>
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#: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter07/createfiles.xml:68
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@@ -132,6 +140,21 @@ msgid ""
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"nobody:x:99:99:Unprivileged User:/dev/null:/bin/false</literal>\n"
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"EOF</userinput>"
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msgstr ""
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+"<userinput>cat > /etc/passwd << \"EOF\"\n"
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+"<literal>root:x:0:0:root:/root:/bin/bash\n"
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+"bin:x:1:1:bin:/dev/null:/bin/false\n"
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+"daemon:x:6:6:Daemon User:/dev/null:/bin/false\n"
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+"messagebus:x:18:18:D-Bus Message Daemon User:/var/run/dbus:/bin/false\n"
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+"systemd-bus-proxy:x:72:72:systemd Bus Proxy:/:/bin/false\n"
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+"systemd-journal-gateway:x:73:73:systemd Journal Gateway:/:/bin/false\n"
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+"systemd-journal-remote:x:74:74:systemd Journal Remote:/:/bin/false\n"
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+"systemd-journal-upload:x:75:75:systemd Journal Upload:/:/bin/false\n"
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+"systemd-network:x:76:76:systemd Network Management:/:/bin/false\n"
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+"systemd-resolve:x:77:77:systemd Resolver:/:/bin/false\n"
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+"systemd-timesync:x:78:78:systemd Time Synchronization:/:/bin/false\n"
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+"systemd-coredump:x:79:79:systemd Core Dumper:/:/bin/false\n"
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+"nobody:x:99:99:Unprivileged User:/dev/null:/bin/false</literal>\n"
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+"EOF</userinput>"
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#. type: Content of: <sect1><para>
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#: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter07/createfiles.xml:84
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@@ -139,13 +162,15 @@ msgid ""
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"The actual password for <systemitem class=\"username\">root</systemitem> "
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"will be set later."
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msgstr ""
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+"我们以后再设置 <systemitem class=\"username\">root</systemitem> 用户的实际密"
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+"码。"
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#. type: Content of: <sect1><para>
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#: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter07/createfiles.xml:87
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msgid ""
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"Create the <filename>/etc/group</filename> file by running the following "
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"command:"
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-msgstr ""
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+msgstr "执行以下命令,创建 <filename>/etc/group</filename> 文件:"
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#. type: Content of: <sect1><screen>
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#: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter07/createfiles.xml:90
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@@ -178,6 +203,32 @@ msgid ""
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"users:x:999:</literal>\n"
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"EOF</userinput>"
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msgstr ""
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+"<userinput>cat > /etc/group << \"EOF\"\n"
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+"<literal>root:x:0:\n"
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+"bin:x:1:daemon\n"
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+"sys:x:2:\n"
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+"kmem:x:3:\n"
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+"tape:x:4:\n"
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+"tty:x:5:\n"
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+"daemon:x:6:\n"
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+"floppy:x:7:\n"
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+"disk:x:8:\n"
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+"lp:x:9:\n"
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+"dialout:x:10:\n"
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+"audio:x:11:\n"
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+"video:x:12:\n"
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+"utmp:x:13:\n"
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+"usb:x:14:\n"
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+"cdrom:x:15:\n"
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+"adm:x:16:\n"
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+"messagebus:x:18:\n"
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+"input:x:24:\n"
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+"mail:x:34:\n"
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+"kvm:x:61:\n"
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+"wheel:x:97:\n"
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+"nogroup:x:99:\n"
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+"users:x:999:</literal>\n"
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+"EOF</userinput>"
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#. type: Content of: <sect1><screen>
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#: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter07/createfiles.xml:117
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@@ -219,6 +270,41 @@ msgid ""
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"users:x:999:</literal>\n"
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"EOF</userinput>"
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msgstr ""
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+"<userinput>cat > /etc/group << \"EOF\"\n"
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+"<literal>root:x:0:\n"
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+"bin:x:1:daemon\n"
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+"sys:x:2:\n"
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+"kmem:x:3:\n"
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+"tape:x:4:\n"
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+"tty:x:5:\n"
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+"daemon:x:6:\n"
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+"floppy:x:7:\n"
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+"disk:x:8:\n"
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+"lp:x:9:\n"
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+"dialout:x:10:\n"
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+"audio:x:11:\n"
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+"video:x:12:\n"
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+"utmp:x:13:\n"
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+"usb:x:14:\n"
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+"cdrom:x:15:\n"
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+"adm:x:16:\n"
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+"messagebus:x:18:\n"
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+"systemd-journal:x:23:\n"
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+"input:x:24:\n"
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+"mail:x:34:\n"
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+"kvm:x:61:\n"
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+"systemd-bus-proxy:x:72:\n"
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+"systemd-journal-gateway:x:73:\n"
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+"systemd-journal-remote:x:74:\n"
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+"systemd-journal-upload:x:75:\n"
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+"systemd-network:x:76:\n"
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+"systemd-resolve:x:77:\n"
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+"systemd-timesync:x:78:\n"
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+"systemd-coredump:x:79:\n"
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+"wheel:x:97:\n"
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+"nogroup:x:99:\n"
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+"users:x:999:</literal>\n"
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+"EOF</userinput>"
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#. type: Content of: <sect1><para>
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#: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter07/createfiles.xml:153
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@@ -227,15 +313,21 @@ msgid ""
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"decided on in part by the requirements of the Udev configuration in Chapter "
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"9, and in part by common convention employed by a number of existing Linux "
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"distributions. In addition, some test suites rely on specific users or "
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-"groups. The Linux Standard Base (LSB, available at <ulink "
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-"url=\"http://refspecs.linuxfoundation.org/lsb.shtml\"/>) only recommends "
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-"that, besides the group <systemitem class=\"groupname\">root</systemitem> "
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-"with a Group ID (GID) of 0, a group <systemitem "
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-"class=\"groupname\">bin</systemitem> with a GID of 1 be present. All other "
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-"group names and GIDs can be chosen freely by the system administrator since "
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-"well-written programs do not depend on GID numbers, but rather use the "
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-"group's name."
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+"groups. The Linux Standard Base (LSB, available at <ulink url=\"http://"
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+"refspecs.linuxfoundation.org/lsb.shtml\"/>) only recommends that, besides "
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+"the group <systemitem class=\"groupname\">root</systemitem> with a Group ID "
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+"(GID) of 0, a group <systemitem class=\"groupname\">bin</systemitem> with a "
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+"GID of 1 be present. All other group names and GIDs can be chosen freely by "
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+"the system administrator since well-written programs do not depend on GID "
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+"numbers, but rather use the group's name."
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msgstr ""
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+"这里创建的用户组并不属于任何标准 —— 它们一部分是为了满足第 9 章中 Udev 配置的需"
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+"要,另一部分借鉴了一些 Linux 发行版的通用惯例。另外,某些测试套件需要特定的"
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+"用户或组。Linux Standard Base (LSB,可以在 <ulink url=\"http://www."
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+"linuxbase.org\"/> 查看) 标准只推荐以组 ID 0 创建用户组 <systemitem class="
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+"\"groupname\">root</systemitem>,以及以组 ID 1 创建用户组 <systemitem class="
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+"\"groupname\">bin</systemitem>,其他组名和组 ID 由系统管理员自由分配,因为好"
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+"的程序不会依赖组 ID 数字,而是使用组名。"
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#. type: Content of: <sect1><para>
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#: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter07/createfiles.xml:165
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@@ -244,31 +336,39 @@ msgid ""
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"user. We add this user here and delete this account at the end of that "
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"chapter."
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msgstr ""
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+"<xref linkend=\"chapter-building-system\"/>"
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+"中的一些测试需要使用一个普通用户。我们这里创建一个用户,"
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+"在那一章的末尾再删除该用户。"
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#. type: Content of: <sect1><screen>
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#: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter07/createfiles.xml:169
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#, no-wrap
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msgid ""
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-"<userinput>echo \"tester:x:$(ls -n $(tty) | cut -d\" \" "
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-"-f3):101::/home/tester:/bin/bash\" >> /etc/passwd\n"
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+"<userinput>echo \"tester:x:$(ls -n $(tty) | cut -d\" \" -f3):101::/home/tester:/bin/bash\" >> /etc/passwd\n"
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"echo \"tester:x:101:\" >> /etc/group\n"
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"install -o tester -d /home/tester</userinput>"
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msgstr ""
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+"<userinput>echo \"tester:x:$(ls -n $(tty) | cut -d\" \" -f3):101::/home/tester:/bin/bash\" >> /etc/passwd\n"
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+"echo \"tester:x:101:\" >> /etc/group\n"
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+"install -o tester -d /home/tester</userinput>"
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#. type: Content of: <sect1><para>
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#: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter07/createfiles.xml:173
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msgid ""
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-"To remove the <quote>I have no name!</quote> prompt, start a new "
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-"shell. Since the <filename>/etc/passwd</filename> and "
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-"<filename>/etc/group</filename> files have been created, user name and group "
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-"name resolution will now work:"
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+"To remove the <quote>I have no name!</quote> prompt, start a new shell. "
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+"Since the <filename>/etc/passwd</filename> and <filename>/etc/group</"
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+"filename> files have been created, user name and group name resolution will "
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+"now work:"
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msgstr ""
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+"为了移除 <quote>I have no name!</quote> 提示符,需要打开一个新 shell。由于"
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+"已经创建了文件 <filename>/etc/passwd</filename> 和 <filename>/etc/group</"
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+"filename>,用户名和组名现在就可以正常解析了:"
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#. type: Content of: <sect1><screen>
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#: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter07/createfiles.xml:179
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#, no-wrap
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msgid "<userinput>exec /bin/bash --login +h</userinput>"
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-msgstr ""
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+msgstr "<userinput>exec /bin/bash --login +h</userinput>"
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#. type: Content of: <sect1><para>
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#: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter07/createfiles.xml:181
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@@ -280,16 +380,24 @@ msgid ""
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"they are installed, the <parameter>+h</parameter> directive will be used for "
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"the duration of this and the next chapter."
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msgstr ""
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+"注意这里使用了 <parameter>+h</parameter> 参数。它告诉 <command>bash</"
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+"command> 不要使用内部的路径散列机制。如果没有指定该参数,<command>bash</"
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+"command> 会记忆它执行过程序的路径。为了在安装新编译好的程序后马上使用它们,"
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+"在本章和下一章中总是使用 <parameter>+h</parameter>。"
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#. type: Content of: <sect1><para>
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#: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter07/createfiles.xml:188
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msgid ""
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-"The <command>login</command>, <command>agetty</command>, and "
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-"<command>init</command> programs (and others) use a number of log files to "
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-"record information such as who was logged into the system and when. However, "
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-"these programs will not write to the log files if they do not already "
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-"exist. Initialize the log files and give them proper permissions:"
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+"The <command>login</command>, <command>agetty</command>, and <command>init</"
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+"command> programs (and others) use a number of log files to record "
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+"information such as who was logged into the system and when. However, these "
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+"programs will not write to the log files if they do not already exist. "
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+"Initialize the log files and give them proper permissions:"
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msgstr ""
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+"<command>login</command>、<command>agetty</command> 和 <command>init</"
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+"command> 等程序使用一些日志文件,以记录登录系统的用户和登录时间等信息。然"
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+"而,这些程序不会创建不存在的日志文件。初始化日志文件,并为它们设置合适的访问"
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+"权限:"
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#. type: Content of: <sect1><screen>
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#: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter07/createfiles.xml:195
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@@ -300,16 +408,24 @@ msgid ""
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"chmod -v 664 /var/log/lastlog\n"
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"chmod -v 600 /var/log/btmp</userinput>"
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msgstr ""
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+"<userinput>touch /var/log/{btmp,lastlog,faillog,wtmp}\n"
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+"chgrp -v utmp /var/log/lastlog\n"
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+"chmod -v 664 /var/log/lastlog\n"
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+"chmod -v 600 /var/log/btmp</userinput>"
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#. type: Content of: <sect1><para>
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#: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter07/createfiles.xml:200
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msgid ""
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-"The <filename>/var/log/wtmp</filename> file records all logins and "
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-"logouts. The <filename>/var/log/lastlog</filename> file records when each "
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-"user last logged in. The <filename>/var/log/faillog</filename> file records "
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|
-"failed login attempts. The <filename>/var/log/btmp</filename> file records "
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-"the bad login attempts."
|
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|
+"The <filename>/var/log/wtmp</filename> file records all logins and logouts. "
|
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|
+"The <filename>/var/log/lastlog</filename> file records when each user last "
|
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|
+"logged in. The <filename>/var/log/faillog</filename> file records failed "
|
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|
+"login attempts. The <filename>/var/log/btmp</filename> file records the bad "
|
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|
+"login attempts."
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msgstr ""
|
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|
+"文件 <filename>/var/log/wtmp</filename> 记录所有的登录和登出,文件 "
|
|
|
+"<filename>/var/log/lastlog</filename> 记录每个用户最后登录的时间,文件 "
|
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|
+"<filename>/var/log/faillog</filename> 记录所有失败的登录尝试,文件 "
|
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|
+"<filename>/var/log/btmp</filename> 记录所有错误的登录尝试。"
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#. type: Content of: <sect1><note><para>
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|
#: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter07/createfiles.xml:206
|
|
@@ -317,3 +433,5 @@ msgid ""
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|
"The <filename>/run/utmp</filename> file records the users that are currently "
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|
"logged in. This file is created dynamically in the boot scripts."
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msgstr ""
|
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|
+"文件 <filename>/run/utmp</filename> 记录当前登录的用户,它由引导脚本动态创"
|
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|
+"建。"
|