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- <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
- <!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN"
- "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [
- <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
- %general-entities;
- ]>
- <sect1 id="ch-system-systemd" role="wrap" revision="systemd">
- <?dbhtml filename="systemd.html"?>
- <sect1info condition="script">
- <productname>systemd</productname>
- <productnumber>&systemd-version;</productnumber>
- <address>&systemd-url;</address>
- </sect1info>
- <title>Systemd-&systemd-version;</title>
- <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd">
- <primary sortas="a-systemd">systemd</primary>
- </indexterm>
- <sect2 role="package">
- <title/>
- <para>Systemd 软件包包含控制系统引导、运行和关闭的程序。</para>
- <segmentedlist>
- <segtitle>&buildtime;</segtitle>
- <segtitle>&diskspace;</segtitle>
- <seglistitem>
- <seg>&systemd-ch6-sbu;</seg>
- <seg>&systemd-ch6-du;</seg>
- </seglistitem>
- </segmentedlist>
- </sect2>
- <sect2 role="installation">
- <title>安装 systemd</title>
- <para>首先,应用补丁,修复 systemd-networkd 在 Linux 5.2
- 或更新版本上的问题,以及 systemd 在 AMD Ryzen 系列 CPU 上的问题:</para>
- <screen><userinput remap="pre">patch -Np1 -i ../systemd-&systemd-version;-networkd_and_rdrand_fixes-1.patch</userinput></screen>
- <para>创建一个符号链接,绕过不存在的 xsltproc:</para>
- <screen><userinput remap="pre">ln -sf /tools/bin/true /usr/bin/xsltproc</userinput></screen>
- <para>由于还没有安装好最终的 Util-Linux,
- 需要在适当的位置创建一些库的符号链接:</para>
- <screen><userinput remap="pre">for file in /tools/lib/lib{blkid,mount,uuid}.so*; do
- ln -sf $file /usr/lib/
- done</userinput></screen>
- <para>设定好 man 页面:</para>
- <screen><userinput remap="pre">tar -xf ../systemd-man-pages-&systemd-version;.tar.xz</userinput></screen>
- <para>删除在 chroot 环境中无法构建的测试:</para>
- <screen><userinput remap="pre">sed '177,$ d' -i src/resolve/meson.build</userinput></screen>
- <!--
- <para>应用一个补丁,以修正使用 glibc-2.28 时构建失败的问题:</para>
- <screen><userinput remap="pre">patch -Np1 -i ../systemd-&systemd-version;-glibc_statx_fix-1.patch</userinput></screen>
- <para>应用一个补丁,修复使用 meson-0.48.0 构建时出现的错误:</para>
- <screen><userinput remap="pre">patch -Np1 -i ../systemd-&systemd-version;-meson-0.48.0_fixes-1.patch</userinput></screen>
- -->
- <para>从默认的 udev 规则中删除不必要的组
- <systemitem class="groupname">render</systemitem>:</para>
- <screen><userinput remap="pre">sed -i 's/GROUP="render", //' rules/50-udev-default.rules.in</userinput></screen>
- <!-- EDITORS NOTE: At the next systemd release, see if the CFLAGS can be removed. -->
- <para>准备安装 systemd:</para>
- <screen><userinput remap="configure">mkdir -p build
- cd build
- PKG_CONFIG_PATH="/usr/lib/pkgconfig:/tools/lib/pkgconfig" \
- LANG=en_US.UTF-8 \
- CFLAGS+="-Wno-format-overflow" \
- meson --prefix=/usr \
- --sysconfdir=/etc \
- --localstatedir=/var \
- -Dblkid=true \
- -Dbuildtype=release \
- -Ddefault-dnssec=no \
- -Dfirstboot=false \
- -Dinstall-tests=false \
- -Dkmod-path=/bin/kmod \
- -Dldconfig=false \
- -Dmount-path=/bin/mount \
- -Drootprefix= \
- -Drootlibdir=/lib \
- -Dsplit-usr=true \
- -Dsulogin-path=/sbin/sulogin \
- -Dsysusers=false \
- -Dumount-path=/bin/umount \
- -Db_lto=false \
- -Drpmmacrosdir=no \
- ..</userinput></screen>
- <variablelist>
- <title>meson 选项的含义:</title>
- <varlistentry>
- <term><parameter>-D*-path=*</parameter></term>
- <listitem>
- <para>这些开关提供了 systemd 在运行时需要的二进制程序的位置,
- 这些程序有些尚未安装,有些的 pkgconfig 文件还在
- <filename>/tools/lib/pkgconfig</filename> 目录中。</para>
- </listitem>
- </varlistentry>
- <varlistentry>
- <term><parameter>-Ddefault-dnssec=no</parameter></term>
- <listitem>
- <para>这个开关禁用实验性的 DNSSEC 支持。</para>
- </listitem>
- </varlistentry>
- <varlistentry>
- <term><parameter>-Dfirstboot=false</parameter></term>
- <listitem>
- <para>这个开关防止 systemd 安装用于初始化设定系统的服务。
- 在 LFS 中所有工作都会手工完成,因此不需要它们。</para>
- </listitem>
- </varlistentry>
- <varlistentry>
- <term><parameter>-Dinstall-tests=false</parameter></term>
- <listitem>
- <para>这个开关防止 systemd 安装编译好的测试文件。</para>
- </listitem>
- </varlistentry>
- <varlistentry>
- <term><parameter>-Dldconfig=false</parameter></term>
- <listitem>
- <para>这个开关防止一个 systemd 单元的安装,它在引导时运行
- <command>ldconfig</command>,
- 这对于 LFS 等源代码发行版来说没有意义,还会增加引导时间。
- 如果您需要这个功能,可以删除这个开关。</para>
- </listitem>
- </varlistentry>
- <varlistentry>
- <term><parameter>-Droot*</parameter></term>
- <listitem>
- <para>这个开关保证核心程序和共享库被安装到 root 分区下的子目录中。
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </varlistentry>
- <varlistentry>
- <term><parameter>-Dsplit-usr=true</parameter></term>
- <listitem>
- <para>这个开关确保 systemd 能够在 /bin、/lib 和 /sbin
- 目录不是指向 /usr 中对应目录的符号链接的情况下工作。</para>
- </listitem>
- </varlistentry>
- <varlistentry>
- <term><parameter>-Dsysusers=false</parameter></term>
- <listitem>
- <para>这个开关防止 systemd 安装负责设定
- <filename>/etc/group</filename> 和
- <filename>/etc/passwd</filename> 文件的服务。
- 我们在上一章已经创建了这两个文件。</para>
- </listitem>
- </varlistentry>
- <varlistentry>
- <term><parameter>-Drpmmacrosdir=no</parameter></term>
- <listitem>
- <para>该选项禁止安装用于 systemd 的 RPM 宏,
- 因为 LFS 并不支持 RPM。</para>
- </listitem>
- </varlistentry>
- </variablelist>
- <para>编译该软件包:</para>
- <screen><userinput remap="make">LANG=en_US.UTF-8 ninja</userinput></screen>
- <!--
- <para>To test the package, execute the following command:</para>
- <screen><userinput remap="test">LANG=en_US.UTF-8 ninja test</userinput></screen>
- -->
- <para>安装该软件包:</para>
- <screen><userinput remap="install">LANG=en_US.UTF-8 ninja install</userinput></screen>
- <para>删除一个不再必要的符号链接:</para>
- <screen><userinput remap="install">rm -f /usr/bin/xsltproc</userinput></screen>
- <para>创建 <command>systemd-journald</command> 需要的
- <filename>/etc/machine-id</filename> 文件:</para>
- <screen><userinput remap="adjust">systemd-machine-id-setup</userinput></screen>
- <para>删除指向 Util-Linux 库的符号链接:</para>
- <screen><userinput remap="adjust">rm -fv /usr/lib/lib{blkid,uuid,mount}.so*</userinput></screen>
- <para>阻止 systemd 创建 <filename>/run/nologin</filename>,
- 以允许非特权用户在没有
- <application>systemd-logind</application>的情况下登录:</para>
- <screen><userinput remap="adjust">rm -f /usr/lib/tmpfiles.d/systemd-nologin.conf</userinput></screen>
- </sect2>
- <sect2 id="contents-systemd" role="content">
- <title>systemd 的内容</title>
- <segmentedlist>
- <segtitle>安装的程序</segtitle>
- <segtitle>安装的库</segtitle>
- <segtitle>安装的目录</segtitle>
- <seglistitem>
- <seg>bootctl, busctl, coredumpctl, halt (到 systemctl 的符号链接),
- hostnamectl, init, journalctl, kernel-install, localectl, loginctl,
- machinectl, networkctl, portablectl, poweroff (到 systemctl
- 的符号链接), reboot (到 systemctl 的符号链接), resolvconf (到
- resolvectl 的符号链接), resolvectl, runlevel (到 systemctl 的符号链接), shutdown
- (到 systemctl 的符号链接), systemctl, systemd-analyze,
- systemd-ask-password, systemd-cat, systemd-cgls, systemd-cgtop,
- systemd-delta, systemd-detect-virt, systemd-escape, systemd-hwdb,
- systemd-id128, systemd-inhibit, systemd-machine-id-setup,
- systemd-mount, systemd-notify, systemd-nspawn, systemd-path,
- systemd-resolve (到 resolvectl 的符号链接), systemd-run,
- systemd-socket-activate, systemd-stdio-bridge, systemd-tmpfiles,
- systemd-tty-ask-password-agent, systemd-umount (到 systemd-mount
- 的符号链接), telinit (到 systemctl 的符号链接), timedatectl, 以及
- udevadm</seg>
- <seg>libnss_myhostname.so.2, libnss_mymachines.so.2,
- libnss_resolve.so.2, libnss_systemd.so.2,
- libsystemd.so, libsystemd-shared-&systemd-version;.so (在 /lib/systemd 中),
- 以及 libudev.so</seg>
- <seg>/etc/binfmt.d, /etc/init.d, /etc/kernel, /etc/modules-load.d,
- /etc/sysctl.d, /etc/systemd, /etc/tmpfiles.d, /etc/udev,
- /etc/xdg/systemd, /lib/systemd, /lib/udev, /usr/include/systemd,
- /usr/lib/binfmt.d, /usr/lib/kernel, /usr/lib/modules-load.d,
- /usr/lib/sysctl.d, /usr/lib/systemd, /usr/lib/tmpfiles.d,
- /usr/share/doc/systemd-&systemd-version;, /usr/share/factory,
- /usr/share/systemd, /var/lib/systemd, 以及 /var/log/journal</seg>
- </seglistitem>
- </segmentedlist>
- <variablelist>
- <bridgehead renderas="sect3">简要描述</bridgehead>
- <?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
- <?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
- <varlistentry id="bootctl">
- <term><command>bootctl</command></term>
- <listitem>
- <para>用于查询固件和启动管理器设置</para>
- <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd bootctl">
- <primary sortas="b-bootctl">bootctl</primary>
- </indexterm>
- </listitem>
- </varlistentry>
- <varlistentry id="busctl">
- <term><command>busctl</command></term>
- <listitem>
- <para>用于探查和监视 D-bus 总线</para>
- <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd busctl">
- <primary sortas="b-busctl">busctl</primary>
- </indexterm>
- </listitem>
- </varlistentry>
- <varlistentry id="coredumpctl">
- <term><command>coredumpctl</command></term>
- <listitem>
- <para>用于从 systemd 日志获取核心转储</para>
- <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd coredumpctl">
- <primary sortas="b-coredumpctl">coredumpctl</primary>
- </indexterm>
- </listitem>
- </varlistentry>
- <varlistentry id="halt">
- <term><command>halt</command></term>
- <listitem>
- <para>一般以 <parameter>-h</parameter> 参数调用
- <command>shutdown</command> 命令,除非在运行级别已经为 0
- 时,则通知内核停止系统;在系统停止运行时它在
- <filename>/var/log/wtmp</filename> 中进行记录</para>
- <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd halt">
- <primary sortas="b-halt">halt</primary>
- </indexterm>
- </listitem>
- </varlistentry>
- <varlistentry id="hostnamectl">
- <term><command>hostnamectl</command></term>
- <listitem>
- <para>查询和修改系统机器名</para>
- <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd hostnamectl">
- <primary sortas="b-hostnamectl">hostnamectl</primary>
- </indexterm>
- </listitem>
- </varlistentry>
- <varlistentry id="init">
- <term><command>init</command></term>
- <listitem>
- <para>在内核初始化硬件后第一个启动的进程,
- 它接管引导过程,并根据它的配置文件启动所有进程。</para>
- <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd init">
- <primary sortas="b-init">init</primary>
- </indexterm>
- </listitem>
- </varlistentry>
- <varlistentry id="journalctl">
- <term><command>journalctl</command></term>
- <listitem>
- <para>用于查询 systemd 日志的内容</para>
- <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd journalctl">
- <primary sortas="b-journalctl">journalctl</primary>
- </indexterm>
- </listitem>
- </varlistentry>
- <varlistentry id="kernel-install">
- <term><command>kernel-install</command></term>
- <listitem>
- <para>用于在 /boot 中添加或删除内核和 initramfs 映像文件</para>
- <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd kernel-install">
- <primary sortas="b-kernel-install">kernel-install</primary>
- </indexterm>
- </listitem>
- </varlistentry>
- <varlistentry id="localectl">
- <term><command>localectl</command></term>
- <listitem>
- <para>用于查询和修改系统 locale 和键盘布局设置</para>
- <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd localectl">
- <primary sortas="b-localectl">localectl</primary>
- </indexterm>
- </listitem>
- </varlistentry>
- <varlistentry id="loginctl">
- <term><command>loginctl</command></term>
- <listitem>
- <para>用于探查和控制 systemd 登录管理器的状态</para>
- <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd loginctl">
- <primary sortas="b-loginctl">loginctl</primary>
- </indexterm>
- </listitem>
- </varlistentry>
- <varlistentry id="machinectl">
- <term><command>machinectl</command></term>
- <listitem>
- <para>用于探查和控制 systemd 虚拟机和容器注册管理器的状态</para>
- <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd machinectl">
- <primary sortas="b-machinectl">machinectl</primary>
- </indexterm>
- </listitem>
- </varlistentry>
- <varlistentry id="networkctl">
- <term><command>networkctl</command></term>
- <listitem>
- <para>用于探查 systemd-networkd 管理的网络连接状态</para>
- <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd networkctl">
- <primary sortas="b-networkctl">networkctl</primary>
- </indexterm>
- </listitem>
- </varlistentry>
- <varlistentry id="portablectl">
- <term><command>portablectl</command></term>
- <listitem>
- <para>用于在本地系统附加或移除可移植服务</para>
- <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd portablectl">
- <primary sortas="b-portablectl">portablectl</primary>
- </indexterm>
- </listitem>
- </varlistentry>
- <varlistentry id="poweroff">
- <term><command>poweroff</command></term>
- <listitem>
- <para>告诉内核停止系统运行并关闭计算机
- (见 <command>halt</command>)</para>
- <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd poweroff">
- <primary sortas="b-poweroff">poweroff</primary>
- </indexterm>
- </listitem>
- </varlistentry>
- <varlistentry id="reboot">
- <term><command>reboot</command></term>
- <listitem>
- <para>告诉内核重启系统 (见
- <command>halt</command>)</para>
- <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd reboot">
- <primary sortas="b-reboot">reboot</primary>
- </indexterm>
- </listitem>
- </varlistentry>
- <varlistentry id="resolvconf">
- <term><command>resolvconf</command></term>
- <listitem>
- <para>为 <command>systemd-resolved</command>
- 注册 DNS 服务器和域设置</para>
- <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd resolvconf">
- <primary sortas="b-resolvconf">resolvconf</primary>
- </indexterm>
- </listitem>
- </varlistentry>
- <varlistentry id="resolvectl">
- <term><command>resolvectl</command></term>
- <listitem>
- <para>向网络名称解析管理器发送控制命令,
- 或解析域名,IPv4 和 IPv6 地址,DNS 记录,以及服务。</para>
- <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd resolvectl">
- <primary sortas="b-resolvectl">resolvectl</primary>
- </indexterm>
- </listitem>
- </varlistentry>
- <varlistentry id="runlevel">
- <term><command>runlevel</command></term>
- <listitem>
- <para>报告当前系统运行级别和上一个运行级别,
- 上一个运行级别被记录在 <filename>/var/run/utmp</filename>
- 中</para>
- <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd runlevel">
- <primary sortas="b-runlevel">runlevel</primary>
- </indexterm>
- </listitem>
- </varlistentry>
- <varlistentry id="shutdown">
- <term><command>shutdown</command></term>
- <listitem>
- <para>安全地关闭系统,向所有进程发送信号,并通知所有登录用户
- </para>
- <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd shutdown">
- <primary sortas="b-shutdown">shutdown</primary>
- </indexterm>
- </listitem>
- </varlistentry>
- <varlistentry id="systemctl">
- <term><command>systemctl</command></term>
- <listitem>
- <para>用于探查和控制 systemd 系统和服务管理器的状态</para>
- <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemctl">
- <primary sortas="b-systemctl">systemctl</primary>
- </indexterm>
- </listitem>
- </varlistentry>
- <varlistentry id="systemd-analyze">
- <term><command>systemd-analyze</command></term>
- <listitem>
- <para>用于分析当前运行系统的引导性能</para>
- <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-analyze">
- <primary sortas="b-systemd-analyze">systemd-analyze</primary>
- </indexterm>
- </listitem>
- </varlistentry>
- <varlistentry id="systemd-ask-password">
- <term><command>systemd-ask-password</command></term>
- <listitem>
- <para>用于以命令行指定的消息向用户询问系统密码</para>
- <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-ask-password">
- <primary sortas="b-systemd-ask-password">systemd-ask-password</primary>
- </indexterm>
- </listitem>
- </varlistentry>
- <varlistentry id="systemd-cat">
- <term><command>systemd-cat</command></term>
- <listitem>
- <para>用于将进程的标准输出和错误输出重定向到系统日志
- </para>
- <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-cat">
- <primary sortas="b-systemd-cat">systemd-cat</primary>
- </indexterm>
- </listitem>
- </varlistentry>
- <varlistentry id="systemd-cgls">
- <term><command>systemd-cgls</command></term>
- <listitem>
- <para>用树的形式递归地显示指定 Linux 控制组 (cgroup)
- 层次结构的内容</para>
- <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-cgls">
- <primary sortas="b-systemd-cgls">systemd-cgls</primary>
- </indexterm>
- </listitem>
- </varlistentry>
- <varlistentry id="systemd-cgtop">
- <term><command>systemd-cgtop</command></term>
- <listitem>
- <para>显示本地 Linux 控制组层次结构中占用资源最多的,
- 可以按 CPU 、内存和磁盘 I/O 负载排序</para>
- <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-cgtop">
- <primary sortas="b-systemd-cgtop">systemd-cgtop</primary>
- </indexterm>
- </listitem>
- </varlistentry>
- <varlistentry id="systemd-delta">
- <term><command>systemd-delta</command></term>
- <listitem>
- <para>用于确定并比较那些覆盖了
- <filename class="directory">/usr</filename> 中默认值的
- <filename class="directory">/etc</filename>
- 中的配置文件</para>
- <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-delta">
- <primary sortas="b-systemd-delta">systemd-delta</primary>
- </indexterm>
- </listitem>
- </varlistentry>
- <varlistentry id="systemd-detect-virt">
- <term><command>systemd-detect-virt</command></term>
- <listitem>
- <para>检测系统是否在虚拟化环境下运行</para>
- <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-detect-virt">
- <primary sortas="b-systemd-detect-virt">systemd-detect-virt</primary>
- </indexterm>
- </listitem>
- </varlistentry>
- <varlistentry id="systemd-escape">
- <term><command>systemd-escape</command></term>
- <listitem>
- <para>用于转义字符串,以便将其包含在 systemd 单元名中</para>
- <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-escape">
- <primary sortas="b-systemd-escape">systemd-escape</primary>
- </indexterm>
- </listitem>
- </varlistentry>
- <varlistentry id="systemd-hwdb">
- <term><command>systemd-hwdb</command></term>
- <listitem>
- <para>用于管理硬件数据库 (hwdb)</para>
- <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-hwdb">
- <primary sortas="b-systemd-hwdb">systemd-hwdb</primary>
- </indexterm>
- </listitem>
- </varlistentry>
- <varlistentry id="systemd-id128">
- <term><command>systemd-id128</command></term>
- <listitem>
- <para>生成和打印 id128 串</para>
- <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-id128">
- <primary sortas="b-systemd-id128">systemd-id128</primary>
- </indexterm>
- </listitem>
- </varlistentry>
- <varlistentry id="systemd-inhibit">
- <term><command>systemd-inhibit</command></term>
- <listitem>
- <para>用于在关机、休眠或待机抑制锁被锁定的情况下运行程序</para>
- <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-inhibit">
- <primary sortas="b-systemd-inhibit">systemd-inhibit</primary>
- </indexterm>
- </listitem>
- </varlistentry>
- <varlistentry id="systemd-machine-id-setup">
- <term><command>systemd-machine-id-setup</command></term>
- <listitem>
- <para>被系统安装工具用于在安装时以随机生成的 ID 初始化
- <filename>/etc/machine-id</filename> 中的机器 ID</para>
- <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-machine-id-setup">
- <primary sortas="b-systemd-machine-id-setup">systemd-machine-id-setup</primary>
- </indexterm>
- </listitem>
- </varlistentry>
- <varlistentry id="systemd-mount">
- <term><command>systemd-mount</command></term>
- <listitem>
- <para>一个用于临时挂载或自动挂载驱动器的工具</para>
- <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-mount">
- <primary sortas="b-systemd-mount">systemd-mount</primary>
- </indexterm>
- </listitem>
- </varlistentry>
- <varlistentry id="systemd-notify">
- <term><command>systemd-notify</command></term>
- <listitem>
- <para>被守护脚本用于通知 init 系统关于状态变化的信息</para>
- <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-notify">
- <primary sortas="b-systemd-notify">systemd-notify</primary>
- </indexterm>
- </listitem>
- </varlistentry>
- <varlistentry id="systemd-nspawn">
- <term><command>systemd-nspawn</command></term>
- <listitem>
- <para>用于在轻量级命名空间容器中运行命令或操作系统</para>
- <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-nspawn">
- <primary sortas="b-systemd-nspawn">systemd-nspawn</primary>
- </indexterm>
- </listitem>
- </varlistentry>
- <varlistentry id="systemd-path">
- <term><command>systemd-path</command></term>
- <listitem>
- <para>用于查询系统和用户路径</para>
- <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-path">
- <primary sortas="b-systemd-path">systemd-path</primary>
- </indexterm>
- </listitem>
- </varlistentry>
- <varlistentry id="systemd-resolve">
- <term><command>systemd-resolve</command></term>
- <listitem>
- <para>用于解析域名、IPv4 和 IPv6 地址、DNS 资源记录
- 以及服务</para>
- <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-resolve">
- <primary sortas="b-systemd-resolve">systemd-resolve</primary>
- </indexterm>
- </listitem>
- </varlistentry>
- <varlistentry id="systemd-run">
- <term><command>systemd-run</command></term>
- <listitem>
- <para>用于创建一个临时的 .service 或 .scope 单元,
- 并在其中运行指定命令</para>
- <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-run">
- <primary sortas="b-systemd-run">systemd-run</primary>
- </indexterm>
- </listitem>
- </varlistentry>
- <!-- <varlistentry id="systemd-stdio-bridge">
- <term><command>systemd-stdio-bridge</command></term>
- <listitem>
- <para>To be completed</para>
- <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-stdio-bridge">
- <primary sortas="b-systemd-stdio-bridge">systemd-stdio-bridge</primary>
- </indexterm>
- </listitem>
- </varlistentry> -->
- <varlistentry id="systemd-socket-activate">
- <term><command>systemd-socket-activate</command></term>
- <listitem>
- <para>用于监听 socket 服务,并在连接时启动进程</para>
- <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-socket-activate">
- <primary sortas="b-systemd-socket-activate">systemd-socket-activate</primary>
- </indexterm>
- </listitem>
- </varlistentry>
- <varlistentry id="systemd-tmpfiles">
- <term><command>systemd-tmpfiles</command></term>
- <listitem>
- <para>根据
- <filename class="directory">tmpfiles.d</filename>
- 目录中的配置文件给定的文件格式和位置,
- 创建、修改和清理易失性、临时性文件和目录</para>
- <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-tmpfiles">
- <primary sortas="b-systemd-tmpfiles">systemd-tmpfiles</primary>
- </indexterm>
- </listitem>
- </varlistentry>
- <varlistentry id="systemd-umount">
- <term><command>systemd-umount</command></term>
- <listitem>
- <para>卸载挂载点</para>
- <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-umount">
- <primary sortas="b-systemd-umount">systemd-umount</primary>
- </indexterm>
- </listitem>
- </varlistentry>
- <varlistentry id="systemd-tty-ask-password-agent">
- <term><command>systemd-tty-ask-password-agent</command></term>
- <listitem>
- <para>列出或处理等待中的 systemd 密码请求</para>
- <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-tty-ask-password-agent">
- <primary sortas="b-systemd-tty-ask-password-agent">systemd-tty-ask-password-agent</primary>
- </indexterm>
- </listitem>
- </varlistentry>
- <varlistentry id="telinit">
- <term><command>telinit</command></term>
- <listitem>
- <para>告诉 <command>init</command> 切换到某个运行级别</para>
- <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd telinit">
- <primary sortas="b-telinit">telinit</primary>
- </indexterm>
- </listitem>
- </varlistentry>
- <varlistentry id="timedatectl">
- <term><command>timedatectl</command></term>
- <listitem>
- <para>用于查询和修改系统时钟及其设置
- </para>
- <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd timedatectl">
- <primary sortas="b-timedatectl">timedatectl</primary>
- </indexterm>
- </listitem>
- </varlistentry>
- <varlistentry id="udevadm">
- <term><command>udevadm</command></term>
- <listitem>
- <para>通用 udev 管理工具:控制 udevd 守护进程,
- 提供 udev 数据库的信息,监视 udev 事件 ,等待 udev 事件结束,
- 测试 udev 配置,或对于给定设备触发 udev 事件</para>
- <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd udevadm">
- <primary sortas="b-udevadm">udevadm</primary>
- </indexterm>
- </listitem>
- </varlistentry>
- <varlistentry id="libsystemd">
- <term><filename class="libraryfile">libsystemd</filename></term>
- <listitem>
- <para>主要的 systemd 工具库</para>
- <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd libsystemd">
- <primary sortas="c-libsystemd">libsystemd</primary>
- </indexterm>
- </listitem>
- </varlistentry>
- <varlistentry id="libudev">
- <term><filename class="libraryfile">libudev</filename></term>
- <listitem>
- <para>用于访问 udev 设备信息的库</para>
- <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd libudev">
- <primary sortas="c-libudev">libudev</primary>
- </indexterm>
- </listitem>
- </varlistentry>
- </variablelist>
- </sect2>
- </sect1>
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