lfs-book-zh_CN/chapter06/pwdgroup.xml

<sect1 id="ch06-pwdgroup">
<title>Creating the passwd and group files</title>
<?dbhtml filename="pwdgroup.html" dir="chapter06"?>

<para>In order for root to be able to login and for the name "root" to be
recognized, there need to be relevant entries in the
<filename>/etc/passwd</filename> and
<filename>/etc/group</filename> files.</para>

<para>Create the <filename>/etc/passwd</filename> file by running the
following command:</para>

<para><screen><userinput>echo "root:x:0:0:root:/root:/bin/bash" &gt; /etc/passwd</userinput></screen></para>

<para>The actual password for root (the "x" here is just a placeholder) will
be set later.</para>

<para>Create the <filename>/etc/group</filename> file by running the
following command:</para>

<para><screen><userinput>cat &gt; /etc/group &lt;&lt; "EOF"</userinput>
root:x:0:
bin:x:1:
sys:x:2:
kmem:x:3:
tty:x:4:
tape:x:5:
daemon:x:6:
floppy:x:7:
disk:x:8:
lp:x:9:
dialout:x:10:
audio:x:11:
<userinput>EOF</userinput></screen></para>

<para>The created groups aren't part of any standard -- they are the groups
that the MAKEDEV script in the next section uses.
Besides the group "root", the LSB recommends only a group "bin" with a GID
of 1 to be present. All other group names and GIDs can be chosen freely by
the user, as well-written packages don't depend on GID numbers but use the
group's name.</para>

</sect1>