lfs-book-zh_CN/chapter06/sysvinit.xml

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<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN"
  "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [
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<sect1 id="ch-system-sysvinit" role="wrap" revision="sysv">
  <?dbhtml filename="sysvinit.html"?>

  <sect1info condition="script">
    <productname>sysvinit</productname>
    <productnumber>&sysvinit-version;</productnumber>
    <address>&sysvinit-url;</address>
  </sect1info>

  <title>Sysvinit-&sysvinit-version;</title>

  <indexterm zone="ch-system-sysvinit">
    <primary sortas="a-Sysvinit">Sysvinit</primary>
  </indexterm>

  <sect2 role="package">
    <title/>

    <para>Sysvinit 软件包包含控制系统启动、运行和关闭的程序。</para>

    <segmentedlist>
      <segtitle>&buildtime;</segtitle>
      <segtitle>&diskspace;</segtitle>

      <seglistitem>
        <seg>&sysvinit-ch6-sbu;</seg>
        <seg>&sysvinit-ch6-du;</seg>
      </seglistitem>
    </segmentedlist>

  </sect2>

  <sect2 role="installation">
    <title>安装 Sysvinit</title>

<!--
    <para>When run-levels are changed (for example, when halting the
    system), <command>init</command> sends termination signals to those
    processes that <command>init</command> itself started and that should
    not be running in the new run-level.  While doing this,
    <command>init</command> outputs messages like <quote>Sending processes
    the TERM signal</quote> which seem to imply that it is sending these
    signals to all currently running processes. To avoid this
    misinterpretation, modify the source so that these messages read like
    <quote>Sending processes configured via /etc/inittab the TERM signal</quote>
    instead:</para>

<screen><userinput remap="pre">sed -i 's@Sending processes@&amp; configured via /etc/inittab@g' src/init.c</userinput></screen>

    <para>Maintained versions of the <command>wall</command>,
    <command>mountpoint</command>, <command>last</command>,
    <command>mesg</command>, <command>sulogin</command>, and
    <command>utmpdump</command> programs were installed earlier by Util-linux.
    Suppress the installation of Sysvinit's versions of these programs and
    their man pages:</para>

<screen><userinput remap="make">sed -ri -e '/utmpdump/d'   \
        -e '/mountpoint/d' \
        -e '/mesg/d'       \
        -e 's/= sulogin(\.8)?/=/' src/Makefile</userinput></screen>
-->
    <para>首先，应用一个补丁，它会删除 sysvinit 中其他软件包已经安装的程序，
    使一条消息更加清晰，并修复一个引发编译器警告的问题：</para>

<screen><userinput remap="pre">patch -Np1 -i ../&sysvinit-consolidated-patch;</userinput></screen>

    <para>编译该软件包：</para>

<screen><userinput remap="make">make -C src</userinput></screen>

    <para>该软件包不包含测试套件。</para>

    <para>安装该软件包：</para>

<screen><userinput remap="install">make -C src install</userinput></screen>

  </sect2>

  <sect2 id="contents-sysvinit" role="content">
    <title>Sysvinit 的内容</title>

    <segmentedlist>
      <segtitle>安装的程序</segtitle>

      <seglistitem>
        <seg>bootlogd, fstab-decode, halt, init, killall5, 
        poweroff (到 halt 的链接), reboot (到 halt 的链接), runlevel,
        shutdown, 以及 telinit (到 init 的链接)</seg>
      </seglistitem>
    </segmentedlist>

    <variablelist>
      <bridgehead renderas="sect3">简要描述</bridgehead>
      <?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
      <?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>

      <varlistentry id="bootlogd">
        <term><command>bootlogd</command></term>
        <listitem>
          <para>将引导消息写入日志文件</para>
          <indexterm zone="ch-system-sysvinit bootlogd">
            <primary sortas="b-bootlogd">bootlogd</primary>
          </indexterm>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry id="fstab-decode">
        <term><command>fstab-decode</command></term>
        <listitem>
          <para>以 fstab 编码的参数运行命令</para>
          <indexterm zone="ch-system-sysvinit fstab-decode">
            <primary sortas="b-fstab-decode">fstab-decode</primary>
          </indexterm>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry id="halt-sysv">
        <term><command>halt</command></term>
        <listitem>
          <para>通常以 <parameter>-h</parameter> 参数调用
          <command>shutdown</command>，除非已经处于运行级别 0，
          这样它会通知内核停止系统运行；在系统被关闭时，它在
          <filename>/var/log/wtmp</filename> 文件中进行记录</para>
          <indexterm zone="ch-system-sysvinit halt-sysv">
            <primary sortas="b-halt">halt</primary>
          </indexterm>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry id="init-sysv">
        <term><command>init</command></term>
        <listitem>
          <para>内核初始化硬件后启动的第一个进程，它接管引导过程，
          启动其配置文件中指定的所有进程</para>
          <indexterm zone="ch-system-sysvinit init-sysv">
            <primary sortas="b-init">init</primary>
          </indexterm>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry id="killall5">
        <term><command>killall5</command></term>
        <listitem>
          <para>向除了自身会话中以外的所有进程发送信号，
          杀死多数进程，但不会杀死作为它本身父进程的 shell</para>
          <indexterm zone="ch-system-sysvinit killall5">
            <primary sortas="b-killall5">killall5</primary>
          </indexterm>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry id="poweroff-sysv">
        <term><command>poweroff</command></term>
        <listitem>
          <para>告诉内核停止系统运行并关闭电源
          (参阅 <command>halt</command>)</para>
          <indexterm zone="ch-system-sysvinit poweroff-sysv">
            <primary sortas="b-poweroff">poweroff</primary>
          </indexterm>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry id="reboot-sysv">
        <term><command>reboot</command></term>
        <listitem>
          <para>告诉内核重启系统 (参阅
          <command>halt</command>)</para>
          <indexterm zone="ch-system-sysvinit reboot-sysv">
            <primary sortas="b-reboot">reboot</primary>
          </indexterm>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry id="runlevel-sysv">
        <term><command>runlevel</command></term>
        <listitem>
          <para>报告上一次的和当前的系统运行级别，
          上一次系统运行级别记录在 <filename>/var/run/utmp</filename>
		  中</para>
          <indexterm zone="ch-system-sysvinit runlevel-sysv">
            <primary sortas="b-runlevel">runlevel</primary>
          </indexterm>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry id="shutdown-sysv">
        <term><command>shutdown</command></term>
        <listitem>
          <para>安全地将系统下线，向所有进程发送信号，并通知所有登录用户
          </para>
          <indexterm zone="ch-system-sysvinit shutdown-sysv">
            <primary sortas="b-shutdown">shutdown</primary>
          </indexterm>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry id="telinit-sysv">
        <term><command>telinit</command></term>
        <listitem>
          <para>告诉 <command>init</command> 切换到哪个运行级别</para>
          <indexterm zone="ch-system-sysvinit telinit-sysv">
            <primary sortas="b-telinit">telinit</primary>
          </indexterm>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

    </variablelist>

  </sect2>

</sect1>