lfs-book-zh_CN/chapter06/vim.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.3//EN" "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.3/docbookx.dtd" [
  <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
  %general-entities;
]>
<sect1 id="ch-system-vim" xreflabel="Vim" role="wrap">
<title>Vim-&vim-version;</title>
<?dbhtml filename="vim.html"?>

<indexterm zone="ch-system-vim"><primary sortas="a-Vim">Vim</primary></indexterm>

<sect2 role="package"><title/>
<para>The Vim package contains a powerful text editor.</para>

<segmentedlist>
<segtitle>&buildtime;</segtitle>
<segtitle>&diskspace;</segtitle>
<seglistitem><seg>0.4 SBU</seg><seg>34 MB</seg></seglistitem>
</segmentedlist>

<segmentedlist>
<segtitle>Vim installation depends on</segtitle>
<seglistitem><seg>Bash, Binutils, Coreutils, Diffutils,
GCC, Glibc, Grep, Make, Ncurses, Sed</seg></seglistitem>
</segmentedlist>
</sect2>

<sect2>
<title>Alternatives to Vim</title>
<para>If you prefer another editor -- like Emacs, Joe, or Nano -- to Vim,
have a look at <ulink url="&blfs-root;view/stable/postlfs/editors.html"/> for
suggested installation instructions.</para>
</sect2>

<sect2 role="installation">
<title>Installation of Vim</title>

<para>First change the default locations of the <filename>vimrc</filename> and
<filename>gvimrc</filename> configuration files to <filename class="directory">/etc</filename>.</para>

<screen><userinput>echo '#define SYS_VIMRC_FILE "/etc/vimrc"' &gt;&gt; src/feature.h
echo '#define SYS_GVIMRC_FILE "/etc/gvimrc"' &gt;&gt; src/feature.h</userinput></screen>

<para>Now prepare Vim for compilation:</para>

<screen><userinput>./configure --prefix=/usr --enable-multibyte</userinput></screen>

<para>The optional <userinput>--enable-multibyte</userinput> switch
includes multibyte editing support into
vim. It is only needed for those people who ignore our recommendation not to
use LFS in locales with multibyte character sets, but it does not hurt
others.</para>

<para>Compile the package:</para>

<screen><userinput>make</userinput></screen>

<para>To test the results, you can issue:
<userinput>make test</userinput>. However, this test suite outputs a lot of
seemingly garbage characters to the screen, and this can wreak havoc with the
settings of the current terminal. Therefore the running of the test suite here
is strictly optional.</para>

<para>Now install the package:</para>

<screen><userinput>make install</userinput></screen>

<para>Many users are used to using <command>vi</command>, instead of
<command>vim</command>. To let them execute <command>vim</command> when
they habitually enter <command>vi</command>, create a symlink:</para>

<screen><userinput>ln -s vim /usr/bin/vi</userinput></screen>

<para>If you are going to install the X Window system on your LFS system, you
may want to re-compile Vim after having installed X. Vim comes with a nice GUI
version of the editor that requires X and a few other libraries to be
installed. For more information read the Vim documentation.</para>

</sect2>


<sect2 id="conf-vim"><title>Configuring Vim</title>
<indexterm zone="conf-vim"><primary sortas="e-/etc/vim">/etc/vim</primary></indexterm>

<para>By default, <command>vim</command> runs in vi-incompatible mode. Some
people might not like this, but we prefer to run <command>vim</command> in its
own mode (else we wouldn't have included it in this book, but the original
<command>vi</command>). We've included the setting of "nocompatible"
below to high-light the fact that the new behavior is being used. It
also reminds those who would change to "compatible" mode that it should
appear first because it changes other settings and overrides must come
after this setting. Create a default vim configuration file by running
the following:</para>

<screen><userinput>cat &gt; /etc/vimrc &lt;&lt; "EOF"</userinput>
" Begin /etc/vimrc

set nocompatible
set backspace=2
syntax on

" End /etc/vimrc
<userinput>EOF</userinput></screen>

<para>The <emphasis>set nocompatible</emphasis> makes
<command>vim</command> behave in a more useful way (the default) than the
vi-compatible manner. Remove the "no" if you want the old <command>vi</command>
behavior. The <emphasis>set backspace=2</emphasis> allows
backspacing over line breaks, autoindents and the start of insert. The
<emphasis>syntax on</emphasis> enables <command>vim</command>'s
semantic coloring.</para>

<para>Documentation for other available options can be obtained by running
the following command:</para>

<screen><userinput>vim -c ':options'</userinput></screen>

</sect2>


<sect2 id="contents-vim" role="content"><title>Contents of Vim</title>

<segmentedlist>
<segtitle>Installed programs</segtitle>
<seglistitem><seg>efm_filter.pl, efm_perl.pl, ex (link to vim), less.sh, mve.awk, 
pltags.pl, ref, rview (link to vim), rvim (link to vim), shtags.pl, tcltags, vi (link to vim), 
view (link to vim), vim, vim132, vim2html.pl, vimdiff (link to vim), vimm, vimspell.sh, 
vimtutor and xxd</seg></seglistitem>
</segmentedlist>

<variablelist><title>Short descriptions</title>

<varlistentry>
<term id="efm_filter.pl"><command>efm_filter.pl</command></term>
<listitem>
<indexterm zone="ch-system-vim efm_filter.pl"><primary sortas="b-efm_filter.pl">efm_filter.pl</primary></indexterm>
<para>is a filter for creating an error file that can be read by vim.</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>

<varlistentry>
<term id="efm_perl.pl"><command>efm_perl.pl</command></term>
<listitem>
<indexterm zone="ch-system-vim efm_perl.pl"><primary sortas="b-efm_perl.pl">efm_perl.pl</primary></indexterm>
<para>reformats the error messages of the
Perl interpreter for use with the <quote>quickfix</quote> mode of vim.</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>

<varlistentry>
<term id="ex"><command>ex</command></term>
<listitem>
<indexterm zone="ch-system-vim ex"><primary sortas="b-ex">ex</primary></indexterm>
<para>starts vim in ex mode.</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>

<varlistentry>
<term id="less.sh"><command>less.sh</command></term>
<listitem>
<indexterm zone="ch-system-vim less.sh"><primary sortas="b-less.sh">less.sh</primary></indexterm>
<para>is a script that starts vim with less.vim.</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>

<varlistentry>
<term id="mve.awk"><command>mve.awk</command></term>
<listitem>
<indexterm zone="ch-system-vim mve.awk"><primary sortas="b-mve.awk">mve.awk</primary></indexterm>
<para>processes vim errors.</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>

<varlistentry>
<term id="pltags.pl"><command>pltags.pl</command></term>
<listitem>
<indexterm zone="ch-system-vim pltags.pl"><primary sortas="b-pltags.pl">pltags.pl</primary></indexterm>
<para>creates a tags file for perl code, for use by vim.</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>

<varlistentry>
<term id="ref"><command>ref</command></term>
<listitem>
<indexterm zone="ch-system-vim ref"><primary sortas="b-ref">ref</primary></indexterm>
<para>checks the spelling of arguments.</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>

<varlistentry>
<term id="rview"><command>rview</command></term>
<listitem>
<indexterm zone="ch-system-vim rview"><primary sortas="b-rview">rview</primary></indexterm>
<para>is a restricted version of view: no shell
commands can be started and view can't be suspended.</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>

<varlistentry>
<term id="rvim"><command>rvim</command></term>
<listitem>
<indexterm zone="ch-system-vim rvim"><primary sortas="b-rvim">rvim</primary></indexterm>
<para>is a restricted version of vim: no shell
commands can be started and vim can't be suspended.</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>

<varlistentry>
<term id="shtags.pl"><command>shtags.pl</command></term>
<listitem>
<indexterm zone="ch-system-vim shtags.pl"><primary sortas="b-shtags.pl">shtags.pl</primary></indexterm>
<para>generates a tag file for perl scripts.</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>

<varlistentry>
<term id="tcltags"><command>tcltags</command></term>
<listitem>
<indexterm zone="ch-system-vim tcltags"><primary sortas="b-tcltags">tcltags</primary></indexterm>
<para>generates a tag file for TCL code.</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>

<varlistentry>
<term id="view"><command>view</command></term>
<listitem>
<indexterm zone="ch-system-vim view"><primary sortas="b-view">view</primary></indexterm>
<para>starts vim in read-only mode.</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>

<varlistentry>
<term id="vim"><command>vim</command></term>
<listitem>
<indexterm zone="ch-system-vim vim"><primary sortas="b-vim">vim</primary></indexterm>
<para>is the editor.</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>

<varlistentry>
<term id="vim132"><command>vim132</command></term>
<listitem>
<indexterm zone="ch-system-vim vim132"><primary sortas="b-vim132">vim132</primary></indexterm>
<para>starts vim with the terminal in 132-column mode.</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>

<varlistentry>
<term id="vim2html.pl"><command>vim2html.pl</command></term>
<listitem>
<indexterm zone="ch-system-vim vim2html.pl"><primary sortas="b-vim2html.pl">vim2html.pl</primary></indexterm>
<para>converts vim documentation to HTML.</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>

<varlistentry>
<term id="vimdiff"><command>vimdiff</command></term>
<listitem>
<indexterm zone="ch-system-vim vimdiff"><primary sortas="b-vimdiff">vimdiff</primary></indexterm>
<para>edits two or three versions of a file with vim and show differences.</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>

<varlistentry>
<term id="vimm"><command>vimm</command></term>
<listitem>
<indexterm zone="ch-system-vim vimm"><primary sortas="b-vimm">vimm</primary></indexterm>
<para>enables the DEC locator input model on a remote terminal.</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>

<varlistentry>
<term id="vimspell.sh"><command>vimspell.sh</command></term>
<listitem>
<indexterm zone="ch-system-vim vimspell.sh"><primary sortas="b-vimspell.sh">vimspell.sh</primary></indexterm>
<para>is a script which spells a file and generates the syntax statements necessary 
to highlight in vim. This script requires the old Unix <command>spell</command> 
command, which is provided neither in LFS nor in BLFS.</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>

<varlistentry>
<term id="vimtutor"><command>vimtutor</command></term>
<listitem>
<indexterm zone="ch-system-vim vimtutor"><primary sortas="b-vimtutor">vimtutor</primary></indexterm>
<para>teaches you the basic keys and commands of vim.</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>

<varlistentry>
<term id="xxd"><command>xxd</command></term>
<listitem>
<indexterm zone="ch-system-vim xxd"><primary sortas="b-xxd">xxd</primary></indexterm>
<para>makes a hex dump of the given file. It can
also do the reverse, so it can be used for binary patching.</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
</variablelist>

</sect2>

</sect1>