lfs-book-zh_CN/chapter03/creatingdirs.sgml

<sect1 id="ch04-creatingdirs">
<title>Creating directories</title>

<para>
Let's create the directory tree on the LFS partition according to the FHS
standard which can be found at <ulink
url="http://www.pathname.com/fhs/">http://www.pathname.com/fhs/</ulink>.
Issuing the following commands will create the necessary directories:
</para>
 
<blockquote><literallayout>

	<userinput>cd $LFS</userinput>
	<userinput>mkdir -p bin boot dev/pts etc home lib mnt proc root sbin 
		tmp var</userinput>
	<userinput>for dirname in $LFS/usr $LFS/usr/local</userinput>
	<userinput><literal>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;do</literal></userinput>
	<userinput>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;mkdir $dirname</userinput>
	<userinput>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;cd $dirname</userinput>
	<userinput>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;mkdir bin etc include lib sbin share 
		src tmp var</userinput>
	<userinput>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ln -s share/man man</userinput>
	<userinput>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ln -s share/doc doc</userinput>
	<userinput>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ln -s share/info info</userinput>
	<userinput>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;cd $dirname/share</userinput>
	<userinput>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;mkdir dict doc info locale man nls misc 
		terminfo zoneinfo</userinput>
	<userinput>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;cd $dirname/share/man</userinput>
	<userinput>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;mkdir man1 man2 man3 man4 man5 man6 man7 
		man8</userinput>
	<userinput>done</userinput>
	<userinput>cd $LFS/var</userinput>
	<userinput>mkdir lock log mail run spool tmp</userinput>

</literallayout></blockquote>

<para>
Normally directories are created with permission mode 755, which isn't
desired for all directories. I haven't checked the FHS if they suggest
default modes for certain directories, so I'll just change the modes for
a few directories that make sense to change. The first change is a mode 
0750 for the $LFS/root directory. This is to make sure that not just 
everybody can enter the /root directory (the same you would do with 
/home/username directories). The second change is a mode 1777 for the tmp 
directories. This way every user can write stuff to the /tmp directory if 
they need to. The sticky (1) bit makes sure users can't delete other 
user's file which they normally can do  because the directory is set in 
such a way that every body (owner, group, world) can write to that directory.
</para>

<blockquote><literallayout>

	<userinput>cd $LFS &amp;&amp;</userinput>
	<userinput>chmod 0750 root &amp;&amp;</userinput>
	<userinput>chmod 1777 tmp usr/tmp var/tmp</userinput>

</literallayout></blockquote>

<para>
Now that the directories are created, copy the source files you have
downloaded in chapter 3 to some subdirectory under $LFS/usr/src (you will
need to create this subdirectory yourself).
</para>

</sect1>