| 123456789101112131415161718192021222324252627282930313233343536373839404142434445464748495051525354555657585960616263646566676869707172737475767778798081828384858687888990919293949596979899100101102103104105106107108109110111112113114115116117118119120121122123124125126127128129130131132133134135136137138139140141142143144145146147148149150151152153154155156157158159160161162163164165166167168169170171172173174175176177178179180181182183184185186187188189190191192193194195196197198199200201202203204205206207208209210211212213214215216217218219220221222223224225226227228229230231232233234235236237238239240241242243244245246247248249250251252253254255256257258259260261262263264265266267268269270271272273274275276277278279280281282283284285286287288289290291292293294295296297298299300301302303304305306307308309310311312313314315316317318319320321322323324325326327328329330331332 | <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN"  "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [  <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">  %general-entities;]><sect1 id="ch-system-vim" role="wrap">  <?dbhtml filename="vim.html"?>  <sect1info condition="script">    <productname>vim</productname>    <productnumber>&vim-version;</productnumber>    <address>&vim-url;</address>  </sect1info>  <title>Vim-&vim-version;</title>  <indexterm zone="ch-system-vim">    <primary sortas="a-Vim">Vim</primary>  </indexterm>  <sect2 role="package">    <title/>    <para>Vim 软件包包含强大的文本编辑器。</para>    <segmentedlist>      <segtitle>&buildtime;</segtitle>      <segtitle>&diskspace;</segtitle>      <seglistitem>        <seg>&vim-ch6-sbu;</seg>        <seg>&vim-ch6-du;</seg>      </seglistitem>    </segmentedlist>    <tip>      <title>Vim 的替代品</title>      <para>如果您喜爱其他编辑器 —— 例如 Emacs、Joe、或者      Nano —— 参考 <ulink      url="&blfs-book;postlfs/editors.html"/> 中建议的安装说明。</para>    </tip>  </sect2>  <sect2 role="installation">    <title>安装 Vim</title>    <para>首先,修改 <filename>vimrc</filename> 配置文件的默认位置为    <filename class="directory">/etc</filename>:</para><screen><userinput remap="pre">echo '#define SYS_VIMRC_FILE "/etc/vimrc"' >> src/feature.h</userinput></screen><!--    <para>Disable a test that fails:</para><screen><userinput remap="pre">sed -i '/call/{s/split/xsplit/;s/303/492/}' src/testdir/test_recover.vim</userinput></screen>-->    <para>准备编译 Vim:</para><screen><userinput remap="configure">./configure --prefix=/usr</userinput></screen>    <para>编译该软件包:</para><screen><userinput remap="make">make</userinput></screen>    <para>运行以下命令以测试编译结果:</para><screen><userinput remap="test">make -j1 test &> vim-test.log</userinput></screen>    <!--para>The test suite outputs a lot of binary data to the screen.  This can    cause issues with the settings of the current terminal.  The problem can be    avoided by redirecting the output to a log file as shown above.  A    successful test will result in the words "ALL DONE" in the log file    at completion.</para-->    <para>测试套件会将大量二进制数据输出到屏幕,这可能扰乱当前终端设置。		为了避免这个问题,像上面的命令一样,将输出重定向到日志文件。		测试成功完成后,日志文件末尾会包含 <quote>ALL DONE</quote>。</para>    <para>安装该软件包:</para><screen><userinput remap="install">make install</userinput></screen>    <!--para>Many users are used to using <command>vi</command> instead of    <command>vim</command>. To allow execution of <command>vim</command>    when users habitually enter <command>vi</command>, create a    symlink for both the binary and the man page in the provided    languages:</para-->    <para>许多用户习惯于使用命令 <command>vi</command>,而不是		<command>vim</command>。为了在用户习惯性地输入		<command>vi</command> 时能够执行 <command>vim</command>,		为二进制程序和各种语言的 man 页面创建符号链接:</para><screen><userinput remap="install">ln -sv vim /usr/bin/vifor L in  /usr/share/man/{,*/}man1/vim.1; do    ln -sv vim.1 $(dirname $L)/vi.1done</userinput></screen>    <para>默认情况下,Vim 的文档安装在 <filename    class="directory">/usr/share/vim</filename>。下面创建的符号链接允许通过    <filename class="directory">/usr/share/doc/vim-&vim-version;</filename>    访问符号链接,这个路径与其他软件包的文档位置格式一致:</para><screen><userinput remap="install">ln -sv ../&vim-docdir;/doc /usr/share/doc/vim-&vim-version;</userinput></screen>    <!--para>If an X Window System is going to be installed on the LFS    system, it may be necessary to recompile Vim after installing X. Vim    comes with a GUI version of the editor that requires X and some    additional libraries to be installed. For more information on this    process, refer to the Vim documentation and the Vim installation page    in the BLFS book at <ulink    url="&blfs-book;postlfs/vim.html"/>.</para-->	<para>如果在安装 LFS 系统后安装了 X 窗口系统,可能需要在安装 X		后重新编译 Vim 。		Vim 提供的 GUI 版本编辑器需要 X 和一些额外的软件包才能安装。		关于这一安装过程的更多信息,参考 Vim 文档和 BLFS 手册中位于		<ulink url="&blfs-book;postlfs/vim.html"/> 的 Vim 安装页面。</para>  </sect2>  <sect2 id="conf-vim" role="configuration">    <title>配置 Vim</title>    <indexterm zone="conf-vim">      <primary sortas="e-/etc/vimrc">/etc/vimrc</primary>    </indexterm>	<!--para>By default, <command>vim</command> runs in vi-incompatible mode.    This may be new to users who have used other editors in the past. The    <quote>nocompatible</quote> setting is included below to highlight the    fact that a new behavior is being used. It also reminds those who would    change to <quote>compatible</quote> mode that it should be the first    setting in the configuration file. This is necessary because it changes    other settings, and overrides must come after this setting. Create a default    <command>vim</command> configuration file by running the following:</para-->    <para>默认情况下,<command>vim</command> 在不兼容 vi 的模式下运行,		这对于过去使用其他编辑器的用户来说可能显得陌生。		以下配置包含的 <quote>nocompatible</quote>		设定是为了强调编辑器使用了新的行为这一事实。		它也提醒那些想要使用 <quote>compatible</quote> 模式的用户,		必须在配置文件的一开始改变模式,因为它会修改其他设置,		因此对这些设置的覆盖必须在设定模式后进行。		执行以下命令创建默认 <command>vim</command> 配置文件:</para><screen><userinput>cat > /etc/vimrc << "EOF"<literal>" Begin /etc/vimrc" Ensure defaults are set before customizing settings, not aftersource $VIMRUNTIME/defaults.vimlet skip_defaults_vim=1 set nocompatibleset backspace=2set mouse=syntax onif (&term == "xterm") || (&term == "putty")  set background=darkendif" End /etc/vimrc</literal>EOF</userinput></screen>    <para><parameter>set nocompatible</parameter> 设定使得		<command>vim</command> 以一种更有用的方式(也是默认方式)行动,		而不是兼容于 vi 的旧模式。如果需要保留旧的 <command>vi</command>		行为,删除其中的 <quote>no</quote>。		<parameter>set backspace=2</parameter> 设定允许退格越过换行、		自动缩进和插入模式的起始位置。参数 <parameter>syntax on</parameter>		启用 vim 符号高亮功能。参数 <parameter>set mouse=</parameter>		允许在 chroot 中或通过远程连接工作时使用鼠标正确地粘贴文本。		最后,包含设定 <parameter>set background=dark</parameter> 的		<emphasis>if</emphasis> 语句纠正 <command>vim</command>		对于某些终端模拟器背景色的猜测,		这能够提供更适合这些程序黑色背景的配色方案。</para><!--    <para>Creating an empty <filename>~/.vimrc</filename> prevents vim from    overriding settings in <filename>/etc/vimrc</filename> by using    <filename>/usr/share/vim/vim80/defaults.vim</filename>.</para>-->    <para>关于其他可用选项的文档可以通过执行以下命令获得:</para><screen role="nodump"><userinput>vim -c ':options'</userinput></screen>    <note>      <!--para>By default, Vim only installs spell files for the English language.      To install spell files for your preferred language, download the      <filename>*.spl</filename> and optionally, the <filename>*.sug</filename>      files for your language and character encoding from <ulink      url="ftp://ftp.vim.org/pub/vim/runtime/spell/"/> and save them to      <filename class='directory'>/usr/share/&vim-docdir;/spell/</filename>.</para>      <para>To use these spell files, some configuration in      <filename>/etc/vimrc</filename> is needed, e.g.:</para-->      <para>默认情况下 Vim 只安装英语拼写检查文件。		  如果希望安装您使用的语言的拼写检查文件,从		  <ulink url="ftp://ftp.vim.org/pub/vim/runtime/spell/"/>		  为您的语言和字符编码下载 <filename>*.spl</filename> 和可选的		  <filename>*.sug</filename> 文件,并将它们保存到<filename class='directory'>/usr/share/&vim-docdir;/spell/</filename>。      </para>	  <para>为了使用这些拼写检查文件,需要在 <filename>/etc/vimrc</filename>		  中进行配置,例如:</para><screen><literal>set spelllang=en,ruset spell</literal></screen>      <para>关于更多信息,参考以上 URL 位置中合适的 README 文件。</para>    </note>  </sect2>  <sect2 id="contents-vim" role="content">    <title>Vim 的内容</title>    <segmentedlist>      <segtitle>安装的程序</segtitle>      <segtitle>安装的目录</segtitle>      <seglistitem>       <seg> ex (到 vim 的链接), rview (到 vim 的链接), rvim (到 vim 的链接), vi       (到 vim 的链接), view (到 vim 的链接), vim, vimdiff (到 vim 的链接), vimtutor,       以及 xxd</seg>        <seg>/usr/share/vim</seg>      </seglistitem>    </segmentedlist>    <variablelist>      <bridgehead renderas="sect3">简要描述</bridgehead>      <?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>      <?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>      <varlistentry id="ex">        <term><command>ex</command></term>        <listitem>          <para>以 ex 模式启动 <command>vim</command></para>          <indexterm zone="ch-system-vim ex">            <primary sortas="b-ex">ex</primary>          </indexterm>        </listitem>      </varlistentry>      <varlistentry id="rview">        <term><command>rview</command></term>        <listitem>          <para>是 <command>view</command> 的受限模式;          不能启动 shell 命令,且不能挂起 <command>view</command></para>          <indexterm zone="ch-system-vim rview">            <primary sortas="b-rview">rview</primary>          </indexterm>        </listitem>      </varlistentry>      <varlistentry id="rvim">        <term><command>rvim</command></term>        <listitem>          <para>是 <command>vim</command> 的受限模式;			  不能启动 shell 命令,且不能挂起 <command>vim</command></para>          <indexterm zone="ch-system-vim rvim">            <primary sortas="b-rvim">rvim</primary>          </indexterm>        </listitem>      </varlistentry>      <varlistentry id="vi">        <term><command>vi</command></term>        <listitem>          <para>到 <command>vim</command> 的链接</para>          <indexterm zone="ch-system-vim vi">            <primary sortas="b-vi">vi</primary>          </indexterm>        </listitem>      </varlistentry>      <varlistentry id="view">        <term><command>view</command></term>        <listitem>          <para>以只读模式启动 <command>vim</command></para>          <indexterm zone="ch-system-vim view">            <primary sortas="b-view">view</primary>          </indexterm>        </listitem>      </varlistentry>      <varlistentry id="vim">        <term><command>vim</command></term>        <listitem>          <para>文本编辑器</para>          <indexterm zone="ch-system-vim vim">            <primary sortas="b-vim">vim</primary>          </indexterm>        </listitem>      </varlistentry>      <varlistentry id="vimdiff">        <term><command>vimdiff</command></term>        <listitem>          <para>用 <command>vim</command> 编辑两个或三个文件版本,          并显示差异</para>          <indexterm zone="ch-system-vim vimdiff">            <primary sortas="b-vimdiff">vimdiff</primary>          </indexterm>        </listitem>      </varlistentry>      <varlistentry id="vimtutor">        <term><command>vimtutor</command></term>        <listitem>          <para>教会用户使用          <command>vim</command> 的基本快捷键和命令</para>          <indexterm zone="ch-system-vim vimtutor">            <primary sortas="b-vimtutor">vimtutor</primary>          </indexterm>        </listitem>      </varlistentry>      <varlistentry id="xxd">        <term><command>xxd</command></term>        <listitem>          <para>创建文件的十六进制转储;它也可以从十六进制转储创建文件,          因此可用于二进制补丁</para>          <indexterm zone="ch-system-vim xxd">            <primary sortas="b-xxd">xxd</primary>          </indexterm>        </listitem>      </varlistentry>    </variablelist>  </sect2></sect1>
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