lfs-book-zh_CN/chapter08/kernel-inst.xml

<sect2><title>&nbsp;</title><para>&nbsp;</para></sect2>

<sect2>
<title>Installation of the kernel</title>

<para>Building the kernel involves a few steps: configuration,
compilation, and installation. If you don't like the way this
book configures the kernel, view the <filename>README</filename>
file in the kernel source tree for alternative methods.</para>

<para>Prepare for compilation by running the following command:</para>

<screen><userinput>make mrproper</userinput></screen>

<para>This ensures that the kernel tree is absolutely clean. The kernel
team recommends that this command be issued prior to
<emphasis>each</emphasis> kernel compilation. You shouldn't rely
on the source tree being clean after untarring.</para>

<para>Configure the kernel via a menu-driven interface:</para>

<screen><userinput>make menuconfig</userinput></screen>

<para><userinput>make oldconfig</userinput> may be more appropriate
in some situations. See the <filename>README</filename> file for
more information.</para>

<para>If you wish, you may skip kernel configuration by simply copying the
kernel config file, <filename>.config</filename>, from your host system
(assuming it is available) to the unpacked
<filename class="directory">linux-&kernel-version;</filename> directory.
However, we don't recommend this option. You're much better off exploring all
the configuration menus and creating your own kernel configuration from
scratch.</para>

<para>For POSIX shared memory support, ensure that the kernel config option
"Virtual memory file system support" is enabled. It resides within the
"File systems" menu and is normally enabled by default.</para>

<para>Verify dependencies and create dependency information files:</para>

<screen><userinput>make CC=/opt/gcc-2.95.3/bin/gcc dep</userinput></screen>

<para>Compile the kernel image:</para>

<screen><userinput>make CC=/opt/gcc-2.95.3/bin/gcc bzImage</userinput></screen>

<para>Compile the drivers which have been configured as modules:</para>

<screen><userinput>make CC=/opt/gcc-2.95.3/bin/gcc modules</userinput></screen>

<para>If you intend to use kernel modules, you will need an
<filename>/etc/modules.conf</filename> file. Information pertaining
to modules and to kernel configuration in general may be found in the
kernel documentation, which is found in the
<filename>linux-&kernel-version;/Documentation</filename> directory. The
modules.conf man page and the kernel HOWTO at
<ulink url="&tldp-root;HOWTO/Kernel-HOWTO.html"/> may also be of
interest to you.</para>

<para>Install the modules:</para>

<screen><userinput>make CC=/opt/gcc-2.95.3/bin/gcc modules_install</userinput></screen>

<para>As nothing is complete without documentation, build the manual pages
that come with the kernel:</para>

<screen><userinput>make mandocs</userinput></screen>

<para>And install these pages:</para>

<screen><userinput>cp -a Documentation/man /usr/share/man/man9</userinput></screen>

<para>Kernel compilation has finished but more steps are required to complete
the installation. Some files need to be copied to the <filename>/boot</filename>
directory.</para>

<para>The path to the kernel image may vary depending on the platform
you're using. Issue the following command to install the kernel:</para>

<screen><userinput>cp arch/i386/boot/bzImage /boot/lfskernel</userinput></screen>

<para><filename>System.map</filename> is a symbol file for the kernel.
It maps the function entrypoints of every function in the kernel API,
as well as the addresses of the kernel data structures for the running
kernel. Issue the following command to install the map file:</para>

<screen><userinput>cp System.map /boot</userinput></screen>

<para><filename>.config</filename> is the kernel configuration file that was
produced by the <command>make menuconfig</command> step above. It contains
all the config selections for the kernel that was just compiled. It's a good
idea to keep this file for future reference:</para>

<screen><userinput>cp .config /boot/config-lfskernel</userinput></screen>

</sect2>