1
0

fstab.xml 5.3 KB

123456789101112131415161718192021222324252627282930313233343536373839404142434445464748495051525354555657585960616263646566676869707172737475767778798081828384858687888990919293949596979899100101102103104105106107108109110111112113114
  1. <?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
  2. <!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN"
  3. "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [
  4. <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
  5. %general-entities;
  6. ]>
  7. <sect1 id="ch-bootable-fstab">
  8. <?dbhtml filename="fstab.html"?>
  9. <title>Creating the /etc/fstab File</title>
  10. <indexterm zone="ch-bootable-fstab">
  11. <primary sortas="e-/etc/fstab">/etc/fstab</primary>
  12. </indexterm>
  13. <para>The <filename>/etc/fstab</filename> file is used by some programs to
  14. determine where file systems are to be mounted by default, in which order, and
  15. which must be checked (for integrity errors) prior to mounting. Create a new
  16. file systems table like this:</para>
  17. <screen revision="sysv"><userinput>cat &gt; /etc/fstab &lt;&lt; "EOF"
  18. <literal># Begin /etc/fstab
  19. # file system mount-point type options dump fsck
  20. # order
  21. /dev/<replaceable>&lt;xxx&gt;</replaceable> / <replaceable>&lt;fff&gt;</replaceable> defaults 1 1
  22. /dev/<replaceable>&lt;yyy&gt;</replaceable> swap swap pri=1 0 0
  23. proc /proc proc nosuid,noexec,nodev 0 0
  24. sysfs /sys sysfs nosuid,noexec,nodev 0 0
  25. devpts /dev/pts devpts gid=5,mode=620 0 0
  26. tmpfs /run tmpfs defaults 0 0
  27. devtmpfs /dev devtmpfs mode=0755,nosuid 0 0
  28. # End /etc/fstab</literal>
  29. EOF</userinput></screen>
  30. <screen revision="systemd"><userinput>cat &gt; /etc/fstab &lt;&lt; "EOF"
  31. <literal># Begin /etc/fstab
  32. # file system mount-point type options dump fsck
  33. # order
  34. /dev/<replaceable>&lt;xxx&gt;</replaceable> / <replaceable>&lt;fff&gt;</replaceable> defaults 1 1
  35. /dev/<replaceable>&lt;yyy&gt;</replaceable> swap swap pri=1 0 0
  36. # End /etc/fstab</literal>
  37. EOF</userinput></screen>
  38. <para>Replace <replaceable>&lt;xxx&gt;</replaceable>,
  39. <replaceable>&lt;yyy&gt;</replaceable>, and <replaceable>&lt;fff&gt;</replaceable>
  40. with the values appropriate for the system, for example, <filename
  41. class="partition">sda2</filename>, <filename
  42. class="partition">sda5</filename>, and <systemitem
  43. class="filesystem">ext4</systemitem>. For details on the six
  44. fields in this file, see <command>man 5 fstab</command>.</para>
  45. <para>Filesystems with MS-DOS or Windows origin (i.e.: vfat, ntfs, smbfs, cifs,
  46. iso9660, udf) need the <quote>iocharset</quote> mount option in order for
  47. non-ASCII characters in file names to be interpreted properly. The value
  48. of this option should be the same as the character set of your locale,
  49. adjusted in such a way that the kernel understands it. This works if the
  50. relevant character set definition (found under File systems -&gt;
  51. Native Language Support) has been compiled into the kernel
  52. or built as a module. The <quote>codepage</quote> option is also needed for
  53. vfat and smbfs filesystems. It should be set to the codepage number used
  54. under MS-DOS in your country. E.g., in order to mount USB flash drives, a
  55. ru_RU.KOI8-R user would need the following in the options portion of its
  56. mount line in <filename>/etc/fstab</filename>:</para>
  57. <screen><literal>noauto,user,quiet,showexec,iocharset=koi8r,codepage=866</literal></screen>
  58. <para>The corresponding options fragment for ru_RU.UTF-8 users is:</para>
  59. <screen><literal>noauto,user,quiet,showexec,iocharset=utf8,codepage=866</literal></screen>
  60. <note>
  61. <para>In the latter case, the kernel emits the following message:</para>
  62. <screen><computeroutput>FAT: utf8 is not a recommended IO charset for FAT filesystems,
  63. filesystem will be case sensitive!</computeroutput></screen>
  64. <para>This negative recommendation should be ignored, since all other values
  65. of the <quote>iocharset</quote> option result in wrong display of filenames in
  66. UTF-8 locales.</para>
  67. </note>
  68. <para>It is also possible to specify default codepage and iocharset values for
  69. some filesystems during kernel configuration. The relevant parameters
  70. are named
  71. <quote>Default NLS Option</quote> (<option>CONFIG_NLS_DEFAULT)</option>,
  72. <quote>Default Remote NLS Option</quote> (<option>CONFIG_SMB_NLS_DEFAULT</option>),
  73. <quote>Default codepage for FAT</quote> (<option>CONFIG_FAT_DEFAULT_CODEPAGE</option>), and
  74. <quote>Default iocharset for FAT</quote> (<option>CONFIG_FAT_DEFAULT_IOCHARSET</option>).
  75. There is no way to specify these settings for the
  76. ntfs filesystem at kernel compilation time.</para>
  77. <para>It is possible to make the ext3 filesystem reliable across power
  78. failures for some hard disk types. To do this, add the
  79. <option>barrier=1</option> mount option to the appropriate entry in
  80. <filename>/etc/fstab</filename>. To check if the disk drive supports
  81. this option, run
  82. <ulink url="&blfs-book;general/hdparm.html">hdparm</ulink>
  83. on the applicable disk drive. For example, if:</para>
  84. <screen role="nodump"><userinput>hdparm -I /dev/sda | grep NCQ</userinput></screen>
  85. <para>returns non-empty output, the option is supported.</para>
  86. <para>Note: Logical Volume Management (LVM) based partitions cannot use the
  87. <option>barrier</option> option.</para>
  88. </sect1>