lfs-book-zh_CN/chapter06/gettext.xml

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<sect1 id="ch-system-gettext" role="wrap">
  <?dbhtml filename="gettext.html"?>

  <sect1info condition="script">
    <productname>gettext</productname>
    <productnumber>&gettext-version;</productnumber>
    <address>&gettext-url;</address>
  </sect1info>

  <title>Gettext-&gettext-version;</title>

  <indexterm zone="ch-system-gettext">
    <primary sortas="a-Gettext">Gettext</primary>
  </indexterm>

  <sect2 role="package">
    <title/>

    <para>The Gettext package contains utilities for internationalization and
    localization. These allow programs to be compiled with NLS (Native Language
    Support), enabling them to output messages in the user's native
    language.</para>

    <segmentedlist>
      <segtitle>&buildtime;</segtitle>
      <segtitle>&diskspace;</segtitle>

      <seglistitem>
        <seg>&gettext-ch6-sbu;</seg>
        <seg>&gettext-ch6-du;</seg>
      </seglistitem>
    </segmentedlist>

  </sect2>

  <sect2 role="installation">
    <title>Installation of Gettext</title>

   <!-- this has been fixed in upstream gnulib, when a new version of
   gettext is released, please check #4055 to see if the change has been
   picked up in this package -->
   <para>First, suppress two invocations of test-lock which on some machines
   can loop forever:</para>

<screen><userinput remap="pre">sed -i '/^TESTS =/d' gettext-runtime/tests/Makefile.in &amp;&amp;
sed -i 's/test-lock..EXEEXT.//' gettext-tools/gnulib-tests/Makefile.in</userinput></screen>

    <para>Prepare Gettext for compilation:</para>

<screen><userinput remap="configure">./configure --prefix=/usr    \
            --disable-static \
            --docdir=/usr/share/doc/gettext-&gettext-version;</userinput></screen>

    <para>Compile the package:</para>

<screen><userinput remap="make">make</userinput></screen>

    <para>To test the results (this takes a long time, around 3 SBUs),
    issue:</para>

<screen><userinput remap="test">make check</userinput></screen>

    <para>Install the package:</para>

<screen><userinput remap="install">make install
chmod -v 0755 /usr/lib/preloadable_libintl.so</userinput></screen>

  </sect2>

  <sect2 id="contents-gettext" role="content">
    <title>Contents of Gettext</title>

    <segmentedlist>
      <segtitle>Installed programs</segtitle>
      <segtitle>Installed libraries</segtitle>
      <segtitle>Installed directories</segtitle>

      <seglistitem>
        <seg>autopoint, envsubst, gettext, gettext.sh,
        gettextize, msgattrib, msgcat, msgcmp, msgcomm, msgconv, msgen,
        msgexec, msgfilter, msgfmt, msggrep, msginit, msgmerge, msgunfmt, msguniq,
        ngettext, recode-sr-latin, and xgettext</seg>
        <seg>libasprintf.so, libgettextlib.so, libgettextpo.so,
        libgettextsrc.so, and preloadable_libintl.so</seg>
        <seg>/usr/lib/gettext, /usr/share/doc/gettext-&gettext-version;, and
        /usr/share/gettext</seg>
      </seglistitem>
    </segmentedlist>

    <variablelist>
      <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
      <?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
      <?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>

      <varlistentry id="autopoint">
        <term><command>autopoint</command></term>
        <listitem>
          <para>Copies standard Gettext infrastructure files into a source
          package</para>
          <indexterm zone="ch-system-gettext autopoint">
            <primary sortas="b-autopoint">autopoint</primary>
          </indexterm>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry id="envsubst">
        <term><command>envsubst</command></term>
        <listitem>
          <para>Substitutes environment variables in shell format strings</para>
          <indexterm zone="ch-system-gettext envsubst">
            <primary sortas="b-envsubst">envsubst</primary>
          </indexterm>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry id="gettext">
        <term><command>gettext</command></term>
        <listitem>
          <para>Translates a natural language message into the user's language
          by looking up the translation in a message catalog</para>
          <indexterm zone="ch-system-gettext gettext">
            <primary sortas="b-gettext">gettext</primary>
          </indexterm>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry id="gettext.sh">
        <term><command>gettext.sh</command></term>
        <listitem>
          <para>Primarily serves as a shell function library for gettext</para>
          <indexterm zone="ch-system-gettext gettext.sh">
            <primary sortas="b-gettext.sh">gettext.sh</primary>
          </indexterm>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry id="gettextize">
        <term><command>gettextize</command></term>
        <listitem>
          <para>Copies all standard Gettext files into the given top-level
          directory of a package to begin internationalizing it</para>
          <indexterm zone="ch-system-gettext gettextize">
            <primary sortas="b-gettextize">gettextize</primary>
          </indexterm>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry id="msgattrib">
        <term><command>msgattrib</command></term>
        <listitem>
          <para>Filters the messages of a translation catalog according to their
          attributes and manipulates the attributes</para>
          <indexterm zone="ch-system-gettext msgattrib">
            <primary sortas="b-msgattrib">msgattrib</primary>
          </indexterm>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry id="msgcat">
        <term><command>msgcat</command></term>
        <listitem>
          <para>Concatenates and merges the given
          <filename class="extension">.po</filename> files</para>
          <indexterm zone="ch-system-gettext msgcat">
            <primary sortas="b-msgcat">msgcat</primary>
          </indexterm>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry id="msgcmp">
        <term><command>msgcmp</command></term>
        <listitem>
          <para>Compares two <filename class="extension">.po</filename>
          files to check that both contain the same set of msgid strings</para>
          <indexterm zone="ch-system-gettext msgcmp">
            <primary sortas="b-msgcmp">msgcmp</primary>
          </indexterm>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry id="msgcomm">
        <term><command>msgcomm</command></term>
        <listitem>
          <para>Finds the messages that are common to the given
          <filename class="extension">.po</filename> files</para>
          <indexterm zone="ch-system-gettext msgcomm">
            <primary sortas="b-msgcomm">msgcomm</primary>
          </indexterm>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry id="msgconv">
        <term><command>msgconv</command></term>
        <listitem>
          <para>Converts a translation catalog to a different character
          encoding</para>
          <indexterm zone="ch-system-gettext msgconv">
            <primary sortas="b-msgconv">msgconv</primary>
          </indexterm>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry id="msgen">
        <term><command>msgen</command></term>
        <listitem>
          <para>Creates an English translation catalog</para>
          <indexterm zone="ch-system-gettext msgen">
            <primary sortas="b-msgen">msgen</primary>
          </indexterm>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry id="msgexec">
        <term><command>msgexec</command></term>
        <listitem>
          <para>Applies a command to all translations of a translation
          catalog</para>
          <indexterm zone="ch-system-gettext msgexec">
            <primary sortas="b-msgexec">msgexec</primary>
          </indexterm>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry id="msgfilter">
        <term><command>msgfilter</command></term>
        <listitem>
          <para>Applies a filter to all translations of a translation
          catalog</para>
          <indexterm zone="ch-system-gettext msgfilter">
            <primary sortas="b-msgfilter">msgfilter</primary>
          </indexterm>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry id="msgfmt">
        <term><command>msgfmt</command></term>
        <listitem>
          <para>Generates a binary message catalog from a translation
          catalog</para>
          <indexterm zone="ch-system-gettext msgfmt">
            <primary sortas="b-msgfmt">msgfmt</primary>
          </indexterm>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry id="msggrep">
        <term><command>msggrep</command></term>
        <listitem>
          <para>Extracts all messages of a translation catalog that match a
          given pattern or belong to some given source files</para>
          <indexterm zone="ch-system-gettext msggrep">
            <primary sortas="b-msggrep">msggrep</primary>
          </indexterm>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry id="msginit">
        <term><command>msginit</command></term>
        <listitem>
          <para>Creates a new <filename class="extension">.po</filename> file,
          initializing the meta information with values from the user's
          environment</para>
          <indexterm zone="ch-system-gettext msginit">
            <primary sortas="b-msginit">msginit</primary>
          </indexterm>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry id="msgmerge">
        <term><command>msgmerge</command></term>
        <listitem>
          <para>Combines two raw translations into a single file</para>
          <indexterm zone="ch-system-gettext msgmerge">
            <primary sortas="b-msgmerge">msgmerge</primary>
          </indexterm>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry id="msgunfmt">
        <term><command>msgunfmt</command></term>
        <listitem>
          <para>Decompiles a binary message catalog into raw translation
          text</para>
          <indexterm zone="ch-system-gettext msgunfmt">
            <primary sortas="b-msgunfmt">msgunfmt</primary>
          </indexterm>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry id="msguniq">
        <term><command>msguniq</command></term>
        <listitem>
          <para>Unifies duplicate translations in a translation catalog</para>
          <indexterm zone="ch-system-gettext msguniq">
            <primary sortas="b-msguniq">msguniq</primary>
          </indexterm>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry id="ngettext">
        <term><command>ngettext</command></term>
        <listitem>
          <para>Displays native language translations of a textual message whose
          grammatical form depends on a number</para>
          <indexterm zone="ch-system-gettext ngettext">
            <primary sortas="b-ngettext">ngettext</primary>
          </indexterm>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry id="recode-sr-latin">
        <term><command>recode-sr-latin</command></term>
        <listitem>
          <para>Recodes Serbian text from Cyrillic to Latin script</para>
          <indexterm zone="ch-system-gettext recode-sr-latin">
            <primary sortas="b-recode-sr-latin">recode-sr-latin</primary>
          </indexterm>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry id="xgettext">
        <term><command>xgettext</command></term>
        <listitem>
          <para>Extracts the translatable message lines from the given source
          files to make the first translation template</para>
          <indexterm zone="ch-system-gettext xgettext">
            <primary sortas="b-xgettext">xgettext</primary>
          </indexterm>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry id="libasprintf">
        <term><filename class="libraryfile">libasprintf</filename></term>
        <listitem>
          <para>defines the <emphasis>autosprintf</emphasis> class, which makes
          C formatted output routines usable in C++ programs, for use with the
          <emphasis>&lt;string&gt;</emphasis> strings and the
          <emphasis>&lt;iostream&gt;</emphasis> streams</para>
          <indexterm zone="ch-system-gettext libasprintf">
            <primary sortas="c-libasprintf">libasprintf</primary>
          </indexterm>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry id="libgettextlib">
        <term><filename class="libraryfile">libgettextlib</filename></term>
        <listitem>
          <para>a private library containing common routines used by the
          various Gettext programs; these are not intended for general use</para>
          <indexterm zone="ch-system-gettext libgettextlib">
            <primary sortas="c-libgettextlib">libgettextlib</primary>
          </indexterm>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry id="libgettextpo">
        <term><filename class="libraryfile">libgettextpo</filename></term>
        <listitem>
          <para>Used to write specialized programs that process
          <filename class="extension">.po</filename> files; this library is
          used when the standard applications shipped with Gettext (such as
          <command>msgcomm</command>, <command>msgcmp</command>,
          <command>msgattrib</command>, and <command>msgen</command>) will
          not suffice</para>
          <indexterm zone="ch-system-gettext libgettextpo">
            <primary sortas="c-libgettextpo">libgettextpo</primary>
          </indexterm>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry id="libgettextsrc">
        <term><filename class="libraryfile">libgettextsrc</filename></term>
        <listitem>
          <para>A private library containing common routines used by the
          various Gettext programs; these are not intended for general use</para>
          <indexterm zone="ch-system-gettext libgettextsrc">
            <primary sortas="c-libgettextsrc">libgettextsrc</primary>
          </indexterm>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry id="preloadable_libintl">
        <term><filename class="libraryfile">preloadable_libintl</filename></term>
        <listitem>
          <para>A library, intended to be used by LD_PRELOAD that assists
          <filename class="libraryfile">libintl</filename> in logging
          untranslated messages</para>
          <indexterm zone="ch-system-gettext preloadable_libintl">
            <primary sortas="c-preloadable_libintl">preloadable_libintl</primary>
          </indexterm>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>
    </variablelist>

  </sect2>

</sect1>