lfs-book-zh_CN/chapter06/python.xml

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  "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [
  <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
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<sect1 id="ch-system-Python" role="wrap">
  <?dbhtml filename="Python.html"?>

  <sect1info condition="script">
    <productname>Python</productname>
    <productnumber>&python-version;</productnumber>
    <address>&python-url;</address>
  </sect1info>

  <title>Python-&python-version;</title>

  <indexterm zone="ch-system-Python">
    <primary sortas="a-python">python</primary>
  </indexterm>

  <sect2 role="package">
    <title/>

	<para>Python 3 软件包包含 Python 开发环境。它被用于面向对象编程、
		编写脚本、为大型程序建立原型或开发完整的应用。</para>
    <!--para>The Python 3 package contains the Python development environment. It
    is useful for object-oriented programming, writing scripts, prototyping
    large programs or developing entire applications.</para-->

    <segmentedlist>
      <segtitle>&buildtime;</segtitle>
      <segtitle>&diskspace;</segtitle>

      <seglistitem>
        <seg>&python-ch6-sbu;</seg>
        <seg>&python-ch6-du;</seg>
      </seglistitem>
    </segmentedlist>

  </sect2>

  <sect2 role="installation">
    <title>安装 Python 3</title>

    <para>准备安装 Python：</para>

<screen><userinput remap="configure">./configure --prefix=/usr       \
            --enable-shared     \
            --with-system-expat \
            --with-system-ffi   \
            --with-ensurepip=yes</userinput></screen>

    <variablelist>
      <title>配置选项的含义：</title>

    <varlistentry>
      <term><parameter>--with-system-expat</parameter></term>
      <listitem>
        <para>该选项允许链接到系统已经安装的
        <application>Expat</application>。</para>
       </listitem>
     </varlistentry>

    <varlistentry>
      <term><parameter>--with-system-ffi</parameter></term>
      <listitem>
        <para>该选项允许链接到系统已经安装的
        <application>libffi</application>。</para>
      </listitem>
    </varlistentry>

    <varlistentry>
      <term><parameter>--with-ensurepip=yes</parameter></term>
      <listitem>
        <para>该选项启用 <command>pip</command> 和
        <command>setuptools</command> 包管理程序的构建。</para>
      </listitem>
    </varlistentry>

    </variablelist>

    <para>编译该软件包：</para>

<screen><userinput remap="make">make</userinput></screen>

    <para>测试套件需要 Tk 和 X 窗口会话的支持，
    必须在 BLFS 中重新安装 Python 3 后才能运行。</para>

    <para>安装该软件包：</para>

<screen><userinput remap="install">make install
chmod -v 755 /usr/lib/libpython&python-minor;m.so
chmod -v 755 /usr/lib/libpython3.so
ln -sfv pip3.7 /usr/bin/pip3</userinput></screen>

    <variablelist>
      <title>安装命令的含义：</title>

    <varlistentry>
      <term><command>chmod -v 755 /usr/lib/libpython3.{7m.,}so</command></term>
      <listitem>
        <para>修正库文件访问权限，使之和其他库文件一致。</para>
      </listitem>
    </varlistentry>

    </variablelist>

    <para>如果需要的话，安装预先格式化的文档：</para>

<screen><userinput remap="install">install -v -dm755 /usr/share/doc/python-&python-version;/html 

tar --strip-components=1  \
    --no-same-owner       \
    --no-same-permissions \
    -C /usr/share/doc/python-&python-version;/html \
    -xvf ../python-&python-version;-docs-html.tar.bz2</userinput></screen>

    <variablelist>
      <title>文档安装命令的含义：</title>

    <varlistentry>
      <term><option>--no-same-owner</option> 和
		  <option>--no-same-permissions</option></term>
      <listitem>
        <para>保证安装的文件拥有正确的所有者和权限码。
        在没有这些选项的时候，<application>tar</application>
        会以上游开发者使用的用户和权限码安装文件。
        </para>
      </listitem>
    </varlistentry>

    </variablelist>

  </sect2>

  <sect2 id="contents-python" role="content">
    <title>Python 3 的内容</title>

    <segmentedlist>
      <segtitle>安装的程序</segtitle>
      <segtitle>安装的库</segtitle>
      <segtitle>安装的目录</segtitle>

      <seglistitem>
        <seg>
          2to3, idle3, pip3, pydoc3, python3, python3-config, 以及 pyvenv
        </seg>
        <seg>
          libpython&python-minor;m.so 和 libpython3.so
        </seg>
        <seg>
          /usr/include/python&python-minor;m, /usr/lib/python3 以及
          /usr/share/doc/python-&python-version;
        </seg>
      </seglistitem>
    </segmentedlist>

    <variablelist>
      <bridgehead renderas="sect3">简要描述</bridgehead>
      <?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
      <?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>

      <varlistentry id="python-2to3">
        <term><command>2to3</command></term>
        <listitem>
          <para>
            是一个 <application>Python</application> 程序，读取
			<application>Python 2.x</application>
			源代码并对它进行一系列修正，转换成合法的
            <application>Python 3.x</application> 源代码。
          </para>
          <indexterm zone="ch-system-Python">
            <primary sortas="b-2to3">2to3</primary>
          </indexterm>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry id="idle3">
        <term><command>idle3</command></term>
        <listitem>
          <para>
            一个封装脚本，启动支持 <application>Python</application>
            语法的 GUI 文本编辑器。要运行这个脚本，必须在 Python 之前安装
            <application>Tk</application> ，从而构建 Tkinter Python 模块。
          </para>
          <indexterm zone="ch-system-Python">
            <primary sortas="b-idle3">idle3</primary>
          </indexterm>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry id="pip3">
        <term><command>pip3</command></term>
        <listitem>
          <para>
            Python 包安装器。
            您可以使用 pip 安装来自 Python 软件包目录或其他目录的包。
          </para>
          <indexterm zone="ch-system-Python">
            <primary sortas="b-pip3">pip3</primary>
          </indexterm>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry id="pydoc3">
        <term><command>pydoc3</command></term>
        <listitem>
          <para>
            是 <application>Python</application> 文档工具。
          </para>
          <indexterm zone="ch-system-Python">
            <primary sortas="b-pydoc3">pydoc3</primary>
          </indexterm>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry id="python3">
        <term><command>python3</command></term>
        <listitem>
          <para>
            是一个解释性、交互性、面向对象的程序设计语言
          </para>
          <indexterm zone="ch-system-Python">
            <primary sortas="b-python3">python3</primary>
          </indexterm>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry id="pyvenv">
        <term><command>pyvenv</command></term>
        <listitem>
          <para>
            在一个或多个目标目录创建 <application>Python</application>
            虚拟环境
          </para>
          <indexterm zone="ch-system-Python">
            <primary sortas="b-pyvenv">pyvenv</primary>
          </indexterm>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

    </variablelist>

  </sect2>

</sect1>