lfs-book-zh_CN/chapter06/eudev.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN"
  "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [
  <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
  %general-entities;
]>

<sect1 id="ch-system-eudev" role="wrap" revision="sysv">
  <?dbhtml filename="eudev.html"?>

  <sect1info condition="script">
    <productname>eudev</productname>
    <productnumber>&eudev-version;</productnumber>
    <address>&eudev-url;</address>
  </sect1info>

  <title>Eudev-&eudev-version;</title>

  <indexterm zone="ch-system-eudev">
    <primary sortas="a-Eudev">Eudev</primary>
  </indexterm>

  <sect2 role="package">
    <title/>

    <para>Eudev 软件包包含动态创建设备节点的程序。</para> 

    <segmentedlist>
      <segtitle>&buildtime;</segtitle>
      <segtitle>&diskspace;</segtitle>

      <seglistitem>
        <seg>&eudev-ch6-sbu;</seg>
        <seg>&eudev-ch6-du;</seg>
      </seglistitem>
    </segmentedlist>
  </sect2>

  <sect2 role="installation">
    <title>安装 Eudev</title>

    <para>首先修复一个测试脚本：</para>

<screen><userinput remap="pre">sed -r -i 's|/usr(/bin/test)|\1|' test/udev-test.pl</userinput></screen>
<!--
    <para>Next, remove an unneeded line that causes a build failure:</para>

<screen><userinput remap="pre">sed -i '/keyboard_lookup_key/d' src/udev/udev-builtin-keyboard.c</userinput></screen>
-->
    <para>然后，采用一个规避措施，防止 /tools 目录被硬编码到
    Eudev 二进制文件的库文件位置中：</para>

<screen><userinput remap="pre">cat &gt; config.cache &lt;&lt; "EOF"
HAVE_BLKID=1
BLKID_LIBS="-lblkid"
BLKID_CFLAGS="-I/tools/include"
EOF</userinput></screen>

<para>准备安装 Eudev：</para>

<screen><userinput remap="configure">./configure --prefix=/usr           \
            --bindir=/sbin          \
            --sbindir=/sbin         \
            --libdir=/usr/lib       \
            --sysconfdir=/etc       \
            --libexecdir=/lib       \
            --with-rootprefix=      \
            --with-rootlibdir=/lib  \
            --enable-manpages       \
            --disable-static        \
            --config-cache</userinput></screen>

<para>编译该软件包：</para>

<screen><userinput remap="make">LIBRARY_PATH=/tools/lib make</userinput></screen>

<!--note><para>The LIBRARY_PATH variable here and the LD_LIBRARY_PATH variable
below are needed to allow the use of libraries that were installed in /tools,
but have not yet been installed in the main system.  LIBRARY_PATH is
used to find libraries during the linking process.  LD_LIBRARY_PATH is
used to find libraries during program execution.</para></note-->
<note><para>这里的 LIBRARY_PATH 变量和下面的 LD_LIBRARY_PATH 允许使用
	/tools 中存在，但尚未安装到主系统中的库。LIBRARY_PATH
	被用于在链接过程中查找库，LD_LIBRARY_PATH 用于在程序执行过程中查找库。
</para></note>

<para>创建一些目录，它们目前被用于测试，但之后也会成为安装好的
eudev 的一部分。</para>

<screen><userinput remap="test">mkdir -pv /lib/udev/rules.d
mkdir -pv /etc/udev/rules.d</userinput></screen>

<para>运行以下命令以测试编译结果：</para>

<screen><userinput remap="test">make LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/tools/lib check</userinput></screen>

    <para>安装该软件包：</para>

<screen><userinput remap="install">make LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/tools/lib install</userinput></screen>

    <para>安装一些在 LFS 环境中很有用的自定义规则和支持文件：</para>

<screen><userinput remap="install">tar -xvf ../&udev-lfs-version;.tar.bz2
make -f &udev-lfs-version;/Makefile.lfs install</userinput></screen>

  </sect2>

  <sect2 id="conf-eudev" role="configuration">
    <title>配置 Eudev</title>

    <indexterm zone="conf-eudev">
      <primary sortas="a-Eudev">Eudev</primary>
      <secondary>configuring</secondary>
    </indexterm>

    <indexterm zone="conf-eudev">
      <primary sortas="e-/etc/udev/hwdb.bin">/etc/udev/hwdb.bin</primary>
    </indexterm>

    <para>硬件设备的相关信息被维护在
    <filename class="directory">/etc/udev/hwdb.d</filename> 和
    <filename class="directory">/lib/udev/hwdb.d</filename> 目录中。
    <application>Eudev</application> 需要将这些信息编译到二进制数据库
    <filename>/etc/udev/hwdb.bin</filename> 中。初始化该数据库：</para>

<screen><userinput>LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/tools/lib udevadm hwdb --update</userinput></screen>

    <para>每次硬件信息有更新时，都要运行该命令。</para>

  </sect2>

  <sect2 id="contents-eudev" role="content">
    <title>Eudev 的内容</title>

    <segmentedlist>
      <segtitle>安装的程序</segtitle>
      <segtitle>安装的库</segtitle>
      <segtitle>安装的目录</segtitle>

      <seglistitem>
        <seg><!-- These are in /lib/udev and not to be called by the user:
         accelerometer, ata_id, cdrom_id, collect, mtd_probe,
         scsi_id, v4l_id,--> udevadm 和 udevd</seg>

        <seg>libudev.so</seg>

        <seg>/etc/udev, /lib/udev, 以及 /usr/share/doc/udev-&udev-lfs-version;</seg>
      </seglistitem>
    </segmentedlist>

    <variablelist>
      <bridgehead renderas="sect3">简要描述</bridgehead>
      <?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
      <?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
      <varlistentry id="udevadm" revision="sysv">
        <term><command>udevadm</command></term>
        <listitem>
          <para>通用 udev 管理工具：控制 udevd 守护进程，
          从 udev 数据库中提供信息，监视 uevent，等待 uevent 完成，
		  测试 udev 配置，并为指定设备触发 uevent。</para>
          <indexterm zone="ch-system-eudev udevadm">
            <primary sortas="b-udevadm">udevadm</primary>
          </indexterm>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry id="udevd">
        <term><command>udevd</command></term>
        <listitem>
          <para>一个守护进程，它在 netlink 套接字上监听 uevent，
          并创建设备节点、运行配置好的外部程序，以响应这些 uevent。</para>
          <indexterm zone="ch-system-eudev udevd">
            <primary sortas="b-udevd">udevd</primary>
          </indexterm>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry id="libudev">
        <term><filename class="libraryfile">libudev</filename></term>
        <listitem>
          <para>一个提供 udev 设备信息接口的库</para>
          <indexterm zone="ch-system-eudev libudev">
            <primary sortas="c-libudev">libudev</primary>
          </indexterm>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry id="etc-udev">
        <term><filename class="directory">/etc/udev</filename></term>
        <listitem>
          <para>包含 udev 配置文件、设备权限设置和设备命名规则</para>
          <indexterm zone="ch-system-eudev etc-udev">
            <primary sortas="e-/etc/udev">/etc/udev</primary>
          </indexterm>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

    </variablelist>

  </sect2>

</sect1>