chapter07: Translate System V introduction

chapter07/introduction.xml

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
 <!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN"
   "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [
   <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
@@ -8,15 +8,21 @@
 <sect1 id="ch-scripts-introduction" revision="sysv">
   <?dbhtml filename="introduction.html"?>
 
-  <title>Introduction</title>
+  <title>概述</title>
 
-    <para>Booting a Linux system involves several tasks.  The process must
+    <!--para>Booting a Linux system involves several tasks.  The process must
     mount both virtual and real file systems, initialize devices, activate swap,
     check file systems for integrity, mount any swap partitions or files, set
     the system clock, bring up networking, start any daemons required by the
     system, and accomplish any other custom tasks needed by the user.  This
     process must be organized to ensure the tasks are performed in the correct
-    order but, at the same time, be executed as fast as possible.</para>
+    order but, at the same time, be executed as fast as possible.</para-->
+    <para>引导 Linux 系统需要完成若干任务。
+		引导过程必须挂载虚拟和真实文件系统、初始化设备、启用交换、
+		检查文件系统完整性、挂载所有交换分区或文件、设定系统时钟、
+		启用网络、启动系统需要的守护进程，并完成用户自定义的其他工作。
+		引导过程必须被组织好，以保证这些任务以正确顺序进行，
+		并以尽量快的速度完成。</para>
 
 <!--    <para>In the packages that were installed in Chapter&nbsp;6, there were two
     different boot systems installed.  LFS provides the ability to easily
@@ -27,7 +33,7 @@
   <sect2 id='sysv-desc'>
     <title>System V</title>
 
-    <para>System V is the classic boot process that has been used in Unix and
+    <!--para>System V is the classic boot process that has been used in Unix and
     Unix-like systems such as Linux since about 1983.  It consists of a small
     program, <command>init</command>, that sets up basic programs such as
     <command>login</command> (via getty) and runs a script.  This script,
@@ -37,58 +43,72 @@
 
     <para>The <command>init</command> program is controlled by the 
     <filename>/etc/inittab</filename> file and is organized into run levels that
-    can be run by the user:</para>
+    can be run by the user:</para-->
+    <para>System V 是自 1983 年以来就在 Unix 和 Linux 等类 Unix
+		系统中被广泛应用的经典引导过程。它包含一个小程序
+		<command>init</command>，该程序设定 <command>login</command>
+		（通过 getty）并运行一个脚本。该脚本一般被命名为
+		<command>rc</command>，控制一组附加脚本的运行，
+		这些附加脚本完成初始化系统需要的各项工作。</para>
+	<para><command>init</command> 程序受到 <filename>/etc/inittab</filename>
+		文件的控制，被组织为用户可以选择的系统运行级别：</para>
 
 <literallayout>
-0 &mdash; halt
-1 &mdash; Single user mode
-2 &mdash; Multiuser, without networking
-3 &mdash; Full multiuser mode
-4 &mdash; User definable
-5 &mdash; Full multiuser mode with display manager
-6 &mdash; reboot
+0 &mdash; 停止运行
+1 &mdash; 单用户模式
+2 &mdash; 多用户模式，没有网络
+3 &mdash; 完整的多用户模式
+4 &mdash; 用户自定义模式
+5 &mdash; 拥有显示管理器的完整多用户模式
+6 &mdash; 重启系统
 </literallayout>
 
-    <para>The usual default run level is 3 or 5.</para>
+    <para>通常的默认运行级别是 3 或 5。</para>
 
-    <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Advantages</bridgehead>
+    <bridgehead renderas="sect3">优点</bridgehead>
 
     <itemizedlist>
       <listitem>
-          <para>Established, well understood system.</para>
+          <para>完备的，已经被详细理解的系统。</para>
       </listitem>
 
       <listitem>
-          <para>Easy to customize.</para>
+          <para>容易定制。</para>
       </listitem>
 
     </itemizedlist>
 
 
-    <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Disadvantages</bridgehead>
+    <bridgehead renderas="sect3">缺点</bridgehead>
 
     <itemizedlist>
       <listitem>
-          <para>Slower to boot.  A medium speed base LFS system 
+          <!--para>Slower to boot.  A medium speed base LFS system 
           takes 8-12 seconds where the boot time is measured from the 
           first kernel message to the login prompt.  Network 
           connectivity is typically established about 2 seconds 
-          after the login prompt.</para>
+          after the login prompt.</para-->
+          <para>引导速度较慢。一个中等速度的基本 LFS
+			  系统从第一个内核消息开始，到出现登录提示符为止，
+			  需要 8-12 秒的引导时间，之后还需要约 2 秒启动网络连接。
+		  </para>
       </listitem>
 
       <listitem>
-          <para>Serial processing of boot tasks. This is related to the previous
+          <!--para>Serial processing of boot tasks. This is related to the previous
           point.  A delay in any process such as a file system check, will
-          delay the entire boot process.</para>
+          delay the entire boot process.</para-->
+	      <para>串行执行引导任务，这与前一项缺点相关。
+			  引导过程中的延迟（如文件系统检查）会延迟整个引导过程。</para>
       </listitem>
 
       <listitem>
-          <para>Does not directly support advanced features like
-          control groups (cgroups), and per-user fair share scheduling.</para>
+          <para>不支持控制组（cgroups）、每用户公平共享调度等高级特性。
+          </para>
       </listitem>
 
       <listitem>
-          <para>Adding scripts requires manual, static sequencing decisions.</para>
+          <para>添加脚本时，需要手动决定它在引导过程中的次序。</para>
       </listitem>
 
     </itemizedlist>