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@@ -1,277 +1,336 @@
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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
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-<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.4//EN" "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.4/docbookx.dtd" [
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+<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.4//EN"
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+ "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.4/docbookx.dtd" [
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<!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
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%general-entities;
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]>
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+
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<sect1 id="ch-system-binutils" role="wrap">
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-<title>Binutils-&binutils-version;</title>
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-<?dbhtml filename="binutils.html"?>
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+ <?dbhtml filename="binutils.html"?>
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+
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+ <title>Binutils-&binutils-version;</title>
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+
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+ <indexterm zone="ch-system-binutils">
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+ <primary sortas="a-Binutils">Binutils</primary>
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+ </indexterm>
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+
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+ <sect2 role="package">
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+ <title/>
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-<indexterm zone="ch-system-binutils"><primary sortas="a-Binutils">Binutils</primary></indexterm>
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+ <para>The Binutils package contains a linker, an assembler, and other
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+ tools for handling object files.</para>
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-<sect2 role="package"><title/>
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-<para>The Binutils package contains a linker, an assembler, and other tools for
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-handling object files.</para>
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+ <segmentedlist>
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+ <segtitle>&buildtime;</segtitle>
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+ <segtitle>&diskspace;</segtitle>
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-<segmentedlist>
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-<segtitle>&buildtime;</segtitle>
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-<segtitle>&diskspace;</segtitle>
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-<seglistitem><seg>1.3 SBU</seg><seg>158 MB</seg></seglistitem>
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-</segmentedlist>
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+ <seglistitem>
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+ <seg>1.3 SBU</seg>
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+ <seg>158 MB</seg>
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+ </seglistitem>
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+ </segmentedlist>
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-<segmentedlist>
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-<segtitle>&dependencies;</segtitle>
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-<seglistitem><seg>Bash, Coreutils, Diffutils, GCC, Gettext,
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-Glibc, Grep, M4, Make, Perl, Sed, and Texinfo</seg></seglistitem>
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-</segmentedlist>
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-</sect2>
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+ <segmentedlist>
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+ <segtitle>&dependencies;</segtitle>
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-<sect2 role="installation">
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-<title>Installation of Binutils</title>
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+ <seglistitem>
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+ <seg>Bash, Coreutils, Diffutils, GCC, Gettext, Glibc, Grep, M4,
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+ Make, Perl, Sed, and Texinfo</seg>
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+ </seglistitem>
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+ </segmentedlist>
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-<para>Verify that the PTYs are working properly inside the chroot
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-environment. Check that everything is set up correctly by performing a
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-simple test:</para>
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+ </sect2>
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+
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+ <sect2 role="installation">
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+ <title>Installation of Binutils</title>
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+
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+ <para>Verify that the PTYs are working properly inside the chroot
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+ environment. Check that everything is set up correctly by performing a
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+ simple test:</para>
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<screen><userinput>expect -c "spawn ls"</userinput></screen>
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-<para>If the following message shows up, the chroot environment is not
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-set up for proper PTY operation:</para>
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+ <para>If the following message shows up, the chroot environment is not
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+ set up for proper PTY operation:</para>
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-<screen><computeroutput>The system has no more ptys.
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+<screen><computeroutput>The system has no more ptys.
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Ask your system administrator to create more.</computeroutput></screen>
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-<para>This issue needs to be resolved before running the test suites
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-for Binutils and GCC.</para>
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+ <para>This issue needs to be resolved before running the test suites
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+ for Binutils and GCC.</para>
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-<para>The Binutils documentation recommends building Binutils outside of the
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-source directory in a dedicated build directory:</para>
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+ <para>The Binutils documentation recommends building Binutils outside of the
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+ source directory in a dedicated build directory:</para>
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<screen><userinput>mkdir -v ../binutils-build
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cd ../binutils-build</userinput></screen>
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-<para>Prepare Binutils for compilation:</para>
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+ <para>Prepare Binutils for compilation:</para>
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<screen><userinput>../binutils-&binutils-version;/configure --prefix=/usr \
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--enable-shared</userinput></screen>
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-<para>Compile the package:</para>
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+ <para>Compile the package:</para>
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<screen><userinput>make tooldir=/usr</userinput></screen>
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- <variablelist>
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- <title>The meaning of the make parameter:</title>
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- <varlistentry>
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- <term><parameter>tooldir=/usr</parameter></term>
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- <listitem>
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- <para>Normally, the tooldir (the directory where the executables will
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- ultimately be located) is set to <filename
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- class="directory">$(exec_prefix)/$(target_alias)</filename>. For
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- example, i686 machines would expand that to <filename
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- class="directory">/usr/i686-pc-linux-gnu</filename>. Because this is
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- a custom system, this target-specific directory in <filename
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- class="directory">/usr</filename> is not required. <filename
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- class="directory">$(exec_prefix)/$(target_alias)</filename> would be
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- used if the system was used to cross-compile (for example, compiling a
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- package on an Intel machine that generates code that can be executed
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- on PowerPC machines).</para>
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- </listitem>
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- </varlistentry>
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- </variablelist>
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-
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-<important><para>The test suite for Binutils in this section is
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-considered critical. Do not skip it under any
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-circumstances.</para></important>
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-
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-<para>Test the results:</para>
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+ <variablelist>
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+ <title>The meaning of the make parameter:</title>
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+
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+ <varlistentry>
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+ <term><parameter>tooldir=/usr</parameter></term>
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+ <listitem>
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+ <para>Normally, the tooldir (the directory where the executables will
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+ ultimately be located) is set to <filename
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+ class="directory">$(exec_prefix)/$(target_alias)</filename>. For
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+ example, i686 machines would expand that to <filename
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+ class="directory">/usr/i686-pc-linux-gnu</filename>. Because this is
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+ a custom system, this target-specific directory in <filename
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+ class="directory">/usr</filename> is not required. <filename
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+ class="directory">$(exec_prefix)/$(target_alias)</filename> would be
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+ used if the system was used to cross-compile (for example, compiling a
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+ package on an Intel machine that generates code that can be executed
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+ on PowerPC machines).</para>
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+ </listitem>
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+ </varlistentry>
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+
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+ </variablelist>
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+
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+ <important>
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+ <para>The test suite for Binutils in this section is considered critical.
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+ Do not skip it under any circumstances.</para>
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+ </important>
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+
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+ <para>Test the results:</para>
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<screen><userinput>make check</userinput></screen>
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-<para>Install the package:</para>
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+ <para>Install the package:</para>
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<screen><userinput>make tooldir=/usr install</userinput></screen>
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-<para>Install the <filename class="headerfile">libiberty</filename> header file that is needed by
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-some packages:</para>
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+ <para>Install the <filename class="headerfile">libiberty</filename> header
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+ file that is needed by some packages:</para>
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<screen><userinput>cp -v ../binutils-&binutils-version;/include/libiberty.h /usr/include</userinput></screen>
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-</sect2>
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-
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-
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-<sect2 id="contents-binutils" role="content"><title>Contents of Binutils</title>
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-
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-<segmentedlist>
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-<segtitle>Installed programs</segtitle>
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-<segtitle>Installed libraries</segtitle>
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-<seglistitem><seg>addr2line, ar, as, c++filt, gprof, ld, nm, objcopy, objdump,
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-ranlib, readelf, size, strings, and strip</seg>
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-<seg>libiberty.a, libbfd.[a,so], and libopcodes.[a,so]</seg></seglistitem>
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-</segmentedlist>
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-
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-<variablelist><bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
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-<?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
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-<?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
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-
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-<varlistentry id="addr2line">
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-<term><command>addr2line</command></term>
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-<listitem>
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-<para>Translates program addresses to file names and line numbers;
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-given an address and the name of an executable, it uses the debugging
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-information in the executable to determine which source file and line
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-number are associated with the address</para>
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-<indexterm zone="ch-system-binutils addr2line"><primary sortas="b-addr2line">addr2line</primary></indexterm>
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-</listitem>
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-</varlistentry>
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-
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-<varlistentry id="ar">
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-<term><command>ar</command></term>
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-<listitem>
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-<para>Creates, modifies, and extracts from archives</para>
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-<indexterm zone="ch-system-binutils ar"><primary sortas="b-ar">ar</primary></indexterm>
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-</listitem>
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-</varlistentry>
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-
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-<varlistentry id="as">
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-<term><command>as</command></term>
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-<listitem>
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-<para>An assembler that assembles the output of <command>gcc</command>
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-into object files</para>
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-<indexterm zone="ch-system-binutils as"><primary sortas="b-as">as</primary></indexterm>
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-</listitem>
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-</varlistentry>
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-
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-<varlistentry id="c-filt">
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-<term><command>c++filt</command></term>
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-<listitem>
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-<para>Used by the linker to de-mangle C++ and Java symbols and to keep
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-overloaded functions from clashing</para>
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-<indexterm zone="ch-system-binutils c-filt"><primary sortas="b-c++filt">c++filt</primary></indexterm>
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-</listitem>
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-</varlistentry>
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-
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-<varlistentry id="gprof">
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-<term><command>gprof</command></term>
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-<listitem>
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-<para>Displays call graph profile data</para>
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-<indexterm zone="ch-system-binutils gprof"><primary sortas="b-gprof">gprof</primary></indexterm>
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-</listitem>
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-</varlistentry>
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-
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-<varlistentry id="ld">
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-<term><command>ld</command></term>
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-<listitem>
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-<para>A linker that combines a number of object and archive files into a single file,
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-relocating their data and tying up symbol references</para>
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-<indexterm zone="ch-system-binutils ld"><primary sortas="b-ld">ld</primary></indexterm>
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-</listitem>
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-</varlistentry>
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-
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-<varlistentry id="nm">
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-<term><command>nm</command></term>
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-<listitem>
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-<para>Lists the symbols occurring in a given object file</para>
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-<indexterm zone="ch-system-binutils nm"><primary sortas="b-nm">nm</primary></indexterm>
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-</listitem>
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-</varlistentry>
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-
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-<varlistentry id="objcopy">
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-<term><command>objcopy</command></term>
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-<listitem>
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-<para>Translates one type of object file into another</para>
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-<indexterm zone="ch-system-binutils objcopy"><primary sortas="b-objcopy">objcopy</primary></indexterm>
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-</listitem>
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-</varlistentry>
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-
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-<varlistentry id="objdump">
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-<term><command>objdump</command></term>
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-<listitem>
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-<para>Displays information about the given object file, with options
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-controlling the particular information to display; the information
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-shown is useful to programmers who are working on the compilation
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-tools</para>
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-<indexterm zone="ch-system-binutils objdump"><primary sortas="b-objdump">objdump</primary></indexterm>
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-</listitem>
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-</varlistentry>
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-
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-<varlistentry id="ranlib">
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-<term><command>ranlib</command></term>
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-<listitem>
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-<para>Generates an index of the contents of an archive and stores it
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-in the archive; the index lists all of the symbols defined by archive
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-members that are relocatable object files</para>
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-<indexterm zone="ch-system-binutils ranlib"><primary sortas="b-ranlib">ranlib</primary></indexterm>
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-</listitem>
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-</varlistentry>
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-
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-<varlistentry id="readelf">
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-<term><command>readelf</command></term>
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-<listitem>
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-<para>Displays information about ELF type binaries</para>
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-<indexterm zone="ch-system-binutils readelf"><primary sortas="b-readelf">readelf</primary></indexterm>
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-</listitem>
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-</varlistentry>
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-
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-<varlistentry id="size">
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-<term><command>size</command></term>
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-<listitem>
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-<para>Lists the section sizes and the total size for the given object files</para>
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-<indexterm zone="ch-system-binutils size"><primary sortas="b-size">size</primary></indexterm>
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-</listitem>
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-</varlistentry>
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-
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-<varlistentry id="strings">
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-<term><command>strings</command></term>
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-<listitem>
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-<para>Outputs, for each given file, the sequences of printable
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-characters that are of at least the specified length (defaulting to
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-four); for object files, it prints, by default, only the strings from
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-the initializing and loading sections while for other types of files, it
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-scans the entire file</para>
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-<indexterm zone="ch-system-binutils strings"><primary sortas="b-strings">strings</primary></indexterm>
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-</listitem>
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-</varlistentry>
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-
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-<varlistentry id="strip">
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-<term><command>strip</command></term>
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-<listitem>
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-<para>Discards symbols from object files</para>
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-<indexterm zone="ch-system-binutils strip"><primary sortas="b-strip">strip</primary></indexterm>
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-</listitem>
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-</varlistentry>
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-
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-<varlistentry id="libiberty">
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-<term><filename class="libraryfile">libiberty</filename></term>
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-<listitem>
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-<para>Contains routines used by various GNU programs, including
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-<command>getopt</command>, <command>obstack</command>,
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-<command>strerror</command>, <command>strtol</command>, and
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-<command>strtoul</command></para>
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-<indexterm zone="ch-system-binutils libiberty"><primary sortas="c-libiberty">libiberty</primary></indexterm>
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-</listitem>
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-</varlistentry>
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-
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-<varlistentry id="libbfd">
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-<term><filename class="libraryfile">libbfd</filename></term>
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-<listitem>
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-<para>The Binary File Descriptor library</para>
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-<indexterm zone="ch-system-binutils libbfd"><primary sortas="c-libbfd">libbfd</primary></indexterm>
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-</listitem>
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-</varlistentry>
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-
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-<varlistentry id="libopcodes">
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-<term><filename class="libraryfile">libopcodes</filename></term>
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-<listitem>
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-<para>A library for dealing with opcodes—the <quote>readable
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-text</quote> versions of instructions for the processor;
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-it is used for building utilities like
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-<command>objdump</command>.</para>
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-<indexterm zone="ch-system-binutils libopcodes"><primary sortas="c-libopcodes">libopcodes</primary></indexterm>
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-</listitem>
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-</varlistentry>
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-</variablelist>
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-
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-</sect2>
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+ </sect2>
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+
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+
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+ <sect2 id="contents-binutils" role="content">
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+ <title>Contents of Binutils</title>
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+
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+ <segmentedlist>
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+ <segtitle>Installed programs</segtitle>
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+ <segtitle>Installed libraries</segtitle>
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+
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+ <seglistitem>
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+ <seg>addr2line, ar, as, c++filt, gprof, ld, nm, objcopy, objdump,
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+ ranlib, readelf, size, strings, and strip</seg>
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+ <seg>libiberty.a, libbfd.[a,so], and libopcodes.[a,so]</seg>
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+ </seglistitem>
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+ </segmentedlist>
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+
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+ <variablelist>
|
|
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+ <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
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|
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+ <?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
|
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+ <?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
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+
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+ <varlistentry id="addr2line">
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+ <term><command>addr2line</command></term>
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+ <listitem>
|
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+ <para>Translates program addresses to file names and line numbers;
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|
|
+ given an address and the name of an executable, it uses the debugging
|
|
|
+ information in the executable to determine which source file and line
|
|
|
+ number are associated with the address</para>
|
|
|
+ <indexterm zone="ch-system-binutils addr2line">
|
|
|
+ <primary sortas="b-addr2line">addr2line</primary>
|
|
|
+ </indexterm>
|
|
|
+ </listitem>
|
|
|
+ </varlistentry>
|
|
|
+
|
|
|
+ <varlistentry id="ar">
|
|
|
+ <term><command>ar</command></term>
|
|
|
+ <listitem>
|
|
|
+ <para>Creates, modifies, and extracts from archives</para>
|
|
|
+ <indexterm zone="ch-system-binutils ar">
|
|
|
+ <primary sortas="b-ar">ar</primary>
|
|
|
+ </indexterm>
|
|
|
+ </listitem>
|
|
|
+ </varlistentry>
|
|
|
+
|
|
|
+ <varlistentry id="as">
|
|
|
+ <term><command>as</command></term>
|
|
|
+ <listitem>
|
|
|
+ <para>An assembler that assembles the output of <command>gcc</command>
|
|
|
+ into object files</para>
|
|
|
+ <indexterm zone="ch-system-binutils as">
|
|
|
+ <primary sortas="b-as">as</primary>
|
|
|
+ </indexterm>
|
|
|
+ </listitem>
|
|
|
+ </varlistentry>
|
|
|
+
|
|
|
+ <varlistentry id="c-filt">
|
|
|
+ <term><command>c++filt</command></term>
|
|
|
+ <listitem>
|
|
|
+ <para>Used by the linker to de-mangle C++ and Java symbols and to keep
|
|
|
+ overloaded functions from clashing</para>
|
|
|
+ <indexterm zone="ch-system-binutils c-filt">
|
|
|
+ <primary sortas="b-c++filt">c++filt</primary>
|
|
|
+ </indexterm>
|
|
|
+ </listitem>
|
|
|
+ </varlistentry>
|
|
|
+
|
|
|
+ <varlistentry id="gprof">
|
|
|
+ <term><command>gprof</command></term>
|
|
|
+ <listitem>
|
|
|
+ <para>Displays call graph profile data</para>
|
|
|
+ <indexterm zone="ch-system-binutils gprof">
|
|
|
+ <primary sortas="b-gprof">gprof</primary>
|
|
|
+ </indexterm>
|
|
|
+ </listitem>
|
|
|
+ </varlistentry>
|
|
|
+
|
|
|
+ <varlistentry id="ld">
|
|
|
+ <term><command>ld</command></term>
|
|
|
+ <listitem>
|
|
|
+ <para>A linker that combines a number of object and archive files
|
|
|
+ into a single file, relocating their data and tying up symbol
|
|
|
+ references</para>
|
|
|
+ <indexterm zone="ch-system-binutils ld">
|
|
|
+ <primary sortas="b-ld">ld</primary>
|
|
|
+ </indexterm>
|
|
|
+ </listitem>
|
|
|
+ </varlistentry>
|
|
|
+
|
|
|
+ <varlistentry id="nm">
|
|
|
+ <term><command>nm</command></term>
|
|
|
+ <listitem>
|
|
|
+ <para>Lists the symbols occurring in a given object file</para>
|
|
|
+ <indexterm zone="ch-system-binutils nm">
|
|
|
+ <primary sortas="b-nm">nm</primary>
|
|
|
+ </indexterm>
|
|
|
+ </listitem>
|
|
|
+ </varlistentry>
|
|
|
+
|
|
|
+ <varlistentry id="objcopy">
|
|
|
+ <term><command>objcopy</command></term>
|
|
|
+ <listitem>
|
|
|
+ <para>Translates one type of object file into another</para>
|
|
|
+ <indexterm zone="ch-system-binutils objcopy">
|
|
|
+ <primary sortas="b-objcopy">objcopy</primary>
|
|
|
+ </indexterm>
|
|
|
+ </listitem>
|
|
|
+ </varlistentry>
|
|
|
+
|
|
|
+ <varlistentry id="objdump">
|
|
|
+ <term><command>objdump</command></term>
|
|
|
+ <listitem>
|
|
|
+ <para>Displays information about the given object file, with options
|
|
|
+ controlling the particular information to display; the information
|
|
|
+ shown is useful to programmers who are working on the compilation
|
|
|
+ tools</para>
|
|
|
+ <indexterm zone="ch-system-binutils objdump">
|
|
|
+ <primary sortas="b-objdump">objdump</primary>
|
|
|
+ </indexterm>
|
|
|
+ </listitem>
|
|
|
+ </varlistentry>
|
|
|
+
|
|
|
+ <varlistentry id="ranlib">
|
|
|
+ <term><command>ranlib</command></term>
|
|
|
+ <listitem>
|
|
|
+ <para>Generates an index of the contents of an archive and stores it
|
|
|
+ in the archive; the index lists all of the symbols defined by archive
|
|
|
+ members that are relocatable object files</para>
|
|
|
+ <indexterm zone="ch-system-binutils ranlib">
|
|
|
+ <primary sortas="b-ranlib">ranlib</primary>
|
|
|
+ </indexterm>
|
|
|
+ </listitem>
|
|
|
+ </varlistentry>
|
|
|
+
|
|
|
+ <varlistentry id="readelf">
|
|
|
+ <term><command>readelf</command></term>
|
|
|
+ <listitem>
|
|
|
+ <para>Displays information about ELF type binaries</para>
|
|
|
+ <indexterm zone="ch-system-binutils readelf">
|
|
|
+ <primary sortas="b-readelf">readelf</primary>
|
|
|
+ </indexterm>
|
|
|
+ </listitem>
|
|
|
+ </varlistentry>
|
|
|
+
|
|
|
+ <varlistentry id="size">
|
|
|
+ <term><command>size</command></term>
|
|
|
+ <listitem>
|
|
|
+ <para>Lists the section sizes and the total size for the given
|
|
|
+ object files</para>
|
|
|
+ <indexterm zone="ch-system-binutils size">
|
|
|
+ <primary sortas="b-size">size</primary>
|
|
|
+ </indexterm>
|
|
|
+ </listitem>
|
|
|
+ </varlistentry>
|
|
|
+
|
|
|
+ <varlistentry id="strings">
|
|
|
+ <term><command>strings</command></term>
|
|
|
+ <listitem>
|
|
|
+ <para>Outputs, for each given file, the sequences of printable
|
|
|
+ characters that are of at least the specified length (defaulting to
|
|
|
+ four); for object files, it prints, by default, only the strings from
|
|
|
+ the initializing and loading sections while for other types of files, it
|
|
|
+ scans the entire file</para>
|
|
|
+ <indexterm zone="ch-system-binutils strings">
|
|
|
+ <primary sortas="b-strings">strings</primary>
|
|
|
+ </indexterm>
|
|
|
+ </listitem>
|
|
|
+ </varlistentry>
|
|
|
+
|
|
|
+ <varlistentry id="strip">
|
|
|
+ <term><command>strip</command></term>
|
|
|
+ <listitem>
|
|
|
+ <para>Discards symbols from object files</para>
|
|
|
+ <indexterm zone="ch-system-binutils strip">
|
|
|
+ <primary sortas="b-strip">strip</primary>
|
|
|
+ </indexterm>
|
|
|
+ </listitem>
|
|
|
+ </varlistentry>
|
|
|
+
|
|
|
+ <varlistentry id="libiberty">
|
|
|
+ <term><filename class="libraryfile">libiberty</filename></term>
|
|
|
+ <listitem>
|
|
|
+ <para>Contains routines used by various GNU programs, including
|
|
|
+ <command>getopt</command>, <command>obstack</command>,
|
|
|
+ <command>strerror</command>, <command>strtol</command>, and
|
|
|
+ <command>strtoul</command></para>
|
|
|
+ <indexterm zone="ch-system-binutils libiberty">
|
|
|
+ <primary sortas="c-libiberty">libiberty</primary>
|
|
|
+ </indexterm>
|
|
|
+ </listitem>
|
|
|
+ </varlistentry>
|
|
|
+
|
|
|
+ <varlistentry id="libbfd">
|
|
|
+ <term><filename class="libraryfile">libbfd</filename></term>
|
|
|
+ <listitem>
|
|
|
+ <para>The Binary File Descriptor library</para>
|
|
|
+ <indexterm zone="ch-system-binutils libbfd">
|
|
|
+ <primary sortas="c-libbfd">libbfd</primary>
|
|
|
+ </indexterm>
|
|
|
+ </listitem>
|
|
|
+ </varlistentry>
|
|
|
+
|
|
|
+ <varlistentry id="libopcodes">
|
|
|
+ <term><filename class="libraryfile">libopcodes</filename></term>
|
|
|
+ <listitem>
|
|
|
+ <para>A library for dealing with opcodes—the <quote>readable
|
|
|
+ text</quote> versions of instructions for the processor;
|
|
|
+ it is used for building utilities like
|
|
|
+ <command>objdump</command>.</para>
|
|
|
+ <indexterm zone="ch-system-binutils libopcodes">
|
|
|
+ <primary sortas="c-libopcodes">libopcodes</primary>
|
|
|
+ </indexterm>
|
|
|
+ </listitem>
|
|
|
+ </varlistentry>
|
|
|
+
|
|
|
+ </variablelist>
|
|
|
+
|
|
|
+ </sect2>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</sect1>
|
|
|
-
|