kernel.po 36 KB

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  1. msgid ""
  2. msgstr ""
  3. "Project-Id-Version: PACKAGE VERSION\n"
  4. "POT-Creation-Date: 2020-06-17 12:44+0800\n"
  5. "PO-Revision-Date: YEAR-MO-DA HO:MI+ZONE\n"
  6. "Last-Translator: FULL NAME <EMAIL@ADDRESS>\n"
  7. "Language-Team: LANGUAGE <LL@li.org>\n"
  8. "Language: zh_CN\n"
  9. "MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
  10. "Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
  11. "Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
  12. "X-Generator: Translate Toolkit 2.2.5\n"
  13. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect1info><address>
  14. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter10/kernel.xml:14
  15. #, no-wrap
  16. msgid "&linux-url;"
  17. msgstr "&linux-url;"
  18. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect1info>
  19. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter10/kernel.xml:12
  20. msgid ""
  21. "<productname>kernel</productname> <productnumber>&linux-version;</"
  22. "productnumber> <placeholder type=\"address\" id=\"0\"/>"
  23. msgstr ""
  24. "<productname>kernel</productname> <productnumber>&linux-version;</"
  25. "productnumber> <placeholder type=\"address\" id=\"0\"/>"
  26. #. type: Content of: <sect1><title>
  27. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter10/kernel.xml:17
  28. msgid "Linux-&linux-version;"
  29. msgstr "Linux-&linux-version;"
  30. #. type: Content of: <sect1><indexterm><primary>
  31. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter10/kernel.xml:20
  32. msgid "Linux"
  33. msgstr "Linux"
  34. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><para>
  35. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter10/kernel.xml:26
  36. msgid "The Linux package contains the Linux kernel."
  37. msgstr "Linux 软件包包含 Linux 内核。"
  38. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><segmentedlist><segtitle>
  39. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter10/kernel.xml:29
  40. msgid "&buildtime;"
  41. msgstr "&buildtime;"
  42. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><segmentedlist><segtitle>
  43. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter10/kernel.xml:30
  44. msgid "&diskspace;"
  45. msgstr "&diskspace;"
  46. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><segmentedlist><seglistitem><seg>
  47. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter10/kernel.xml:33
  48. #, fuzzy
  49. msgid "&linux-knl-sbu;"
  50. msgstr "&linux-ch8-sbu;"
  51. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><segmentedlist><seglistitem><seg>
  52. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter10/kernel.xml:34
  53. #, fuzzy
  54. msgid "&linux-knl-du;"
  55. msgstr "&linux-ch8-du;"
  56. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><title>
  57. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter10/kernel.xml:41
  58. msgid "Installation of the kernel"
  59. msgstr "安装内核"
  60. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><para>
  61. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter10/kernel.xml:43
  62. msgid ""
  63. "Building the kernel involves a few steps&mdash;configuration, compilation, "
  64. "and installation. Read the <filename>README</filename> file in the kernel "
  65. "source tree for alternative methods to the way this book configures the "
  66. "kernel."
  67. msgstr ""
  68. "构建内核需要三步 —— 配置、编译、安装。阅读内核源代码树中的 "
  69. "<filename>README</filename> 文件,了解不同于本手册的内核配置方法。"
  70. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><para>
  71. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter10/kernel.xml:48
  72. msgid "Prepare for compilation by running the following command:"
  73. msgstr "运行以下命令,准备编译内核:"
  74. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><screen>
  75. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter10/kernel.xml:50
  76. #, no-wrap
  77. msgid "<userinput remap=\"pre\">make mrproper</userinput>"
  78. msgstr "<userinput remap=\"pre\">make mrproper</userinput>"
  79. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><para>
  80. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter10/kernel.xml:52
  81. msgid ""
  82. "This ensures that the kernel tree is absolutely clean. The kernel team "
  83. "recommends that this command be issued prior to each kernel compilation. Do "
  84. "not rely on the source tree being clean after un-tarring."
  85. msgstr ""
  86. "该命令确保内核源代码树绝对干净,内核开发组建议在每次编译内核前运行该命令。"
  87. "尽管内核源代码树在解压后应该是干净的,但这并不完全可靠。"
  88. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><para>
  89. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter10/kernel.xml:59
  90. msgid ""
  91. "Configure the kernel via a menu-driven interface. For general information on "
  92. "kernel configuration see <ulink url=\"&hints-root;kernel-configuration.txt\"/"
  93. ">. BLFS has some information regarding particular kernel configuration "
  94. "requirements of packages outside of LFS at <ulink url=\"&blfs-book;longindex."
  95. "html#kernel-config-index\"/>. Additional information about configuring and "
  96. "building the kernel can be found at <ulink url=\"http://www.kroah.com/lkn/\"/"
  97. ">"
  98. msgstr ""
  99. "下面通过菜单界面配置内核,阅读 <ulink url=\"&hints-root;kernel-configuration."
  100. "txt\"/> 了解关于内核配置的一般信息。BLFS 的某些软件包需要特定内核配置,阅读 "
  101. "<ulink url=\"&blfs-book;longindex.html#kernel-config-index\"/> 了解它们。另外"
  102. "在 <ulink url=\"http://www.kroah.com/lkn/\"/> 也有一些关于配置和构建内核的信"
  103. "息。"
  104. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><note><para>
  105. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter10/kernel.xml:70
  106. msgid ""
  107. "A good starting place for setting up the kernel configuration is to run "
  108. "<command>make defconfig</command>. This will set the base configuration to a "
  109. "good state that takes your current system architecture into account."
  110. msgstr ""
  111. "一个较好的初始内核配置可以通过运行 <command>make defconfig</command> 获得。"
  112. "它会考虑您的当前系统体系结构,将基本内核配置设定到较好的状态。"
  113. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><note><para>
  114. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter10/kernel.xml:75
  115. msgid ""
  116. "Be sure to enable/disable/set the following features or the system might not "
  117. "work correctly or boot at all:"
  118. msgstr ""
  119. "一定要按照以下列表启用/禁用/设定其中列出的内核特性,否则系统可能不能正常工"
  120. "作,甚至根本无法引导:"
  121. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><note><screen>
  122. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter10/kernel.xml:79
  123. #, no-wrap
  124. msgid ""
  125. "Device Drivers ---&gt;\n"
  126. " Generic Driver Options ---&gt;\n"
  127. " [ ] Support for uevent helper [CONFIG_UEVENT_HELPER]\n"
  128. " [*] Maintain a devtmpfs filesystem to mount at /dev [CONFIG_DEVTMPFS]\n"
  129. "\n"
  130. "Kernel hacking ---&gt;\n"
  131. " Choose kernel unwinder (Frame pointer unwinder) ---&gt; [CONFIG_UNWINDER_FRAME_POINTER]"
  132. msgstr ""
  133. "Device Drivers ---&gt;\n"
  134. " Generic Driver Options ---&gt;\n"
  135. " [ ] Support for uevent helper [CONFIG_UEVENT_HELPER]\n"
  136. " [*] Maintain a devtmpfs filesystem to mount at /dev [CONFIG_DEVTMPFS]\n"
  137. "\n"
  138. "Kernel hacking ---&gt;\n"
  139. " Choose kernel unwinder (Frame pointer unwinder) ---&gt; [CONFIG_UNWINDER_FRAME_POINTER]"
  140. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><note><screen>
  141. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter10/kernel.xml:88
  142. #, fuzzy, no-wrap
  143. msgid ""
  144. "General setup -->\n"
  145. " [*] Control Group support [CONFIG_CGROUPS]\n"
  146. " [ ] Enable deprecated sysfs features to support old userspace tools [CONFIG_SYSFS_DEPRECATED]\n"
  147. " [*] Configure standard kernel features (expert users) [CONFIG_EXPERT] ---&gt; \n"
  148. " [*] open by fhandle syscalls [CONFIG_FHANDLE]\n"
  149. " [ ] Auditing support [CONFIG_AUDIT]\n"
  150. "Processor type and features ---&gt;\n"
  151. " [*] Enable seccomp to safely compute untrusted bytecode [CONFIG_SECCOMP]\n"
  152. "Firmware Drivers ---&gt;\n"
  153. " [*] Export DMI identification via sysfs to userspace [CONFIG_DMIID]\n"
  154. "Networking support ---&gt;\n"
  155. " Networking options ---&gt;\n"
  156. " &lt;*&gt; The IPv6 protocol [CONFIG_IPV6]\n"
  157. "Device Drivers ---&gt;\n"
  158. " Generic Driver Options ---&gt;\n"
  159. " [ ] Support for uevent helper [CONFIG_UEVENT_HELPER]\n"
  160. " [*] Maintain a devtmpfs filesystem to mount at /dev [CONFIG_DEVTMPFS]\n"
  161. " Firmware Loader ---&gt;\n"
  162. " [ ] Enable the firmware sysfs fallback mechanism [CONFIG_FW_LOADER_USER_HELPER]\n"
  163. "File systems ---&gt;\n"
  164. " [*] Inotify support for userspace [CONFIG_INOTIFY_USER]\n"
  165. " &lt;*&gt; Kernel automounter support (supports v3, v4, and v5) [CONFIG_AUTOFS_FS]\n"
  166. " Pseudo filesystems ---&gt;\n"
  167. " [*] Tmpfs POSIX Access Control Lists [CONFIG_TMPFS_POSIX_ACL]\n"
  168. " [*] Tmpfs extended attributes [CONFIG_TMPFS_XATTR]"
  169. msgstr ""
  170. "General setup -->\n"
  171. " [ ] Enable deprecated sysfs features to support old userspace tools [CONFIG_SYSFS_DEPRECATED]\n"
  172. " [*] Configure standard kernel features (expert users) [CONFIG_EXPERT] ---&gt; \n"
  173. " [*] open by fhandle syscalls [CONFIG_FHANDLE]\n"
  174. " [ ] Auditing support [CONFIG_AUDIT]\n"
  175. " [*] Control Group support [CONFIG_CGROUPS]\n"
  176. "Processor type and features ---&gt;\n"
  177. " [*] Enable seccomp to safely compute untrusted bytecode [CONFIG_SECCOMP]\n"
  178. "Firmware Drivers ---&gt;\n"
  179. " [*] Export DMI identification via sysfs to userspace [CONFIG_DMIID]\n"
  180. "Networking support ---&gt;\n"
  181. " Networking options ---&gt;\n"
  182. " &lt;*&gt; The IPv6 protocol [CONFIG_IPV6]\n"
  183. "Device Drivers ---&gt;\n"
  184. " Generic Driver Options ---&gt;\n"
  185. " [ ] Support for uevent helper [CONFIG_UEVENT_HELPER]\n"
  186. " [*] Maintain a devtmpfs filesystem to mount at /dev [CONFIG_DEVTMPFS]\n"
  187. " Firmware Loader ---&gt;\n"
  188. " [ ] Enable the firmware sysfs fallback mechanism [CONFIG_FW_LOADER_USER_HELPER]\n"
  189. "File systems ---&gt;\n"
  190. " [*] Inotify support for userspace [CONFIG_INOTIFY_USER]\n"
  191. " &lt;*&gt; Kernel automounter support (supports v3, v4, and v5) [CONFIG_AUTOFS_FS]\n"
  192. " Pseudo filesystems ---&gt;\n"
  193. " [*] Tmpfs POSIX Access Control Lists [CONFIG_TMPFS_POSIX_ACL]\n"
  194. " [*] Tmpfs extended attributes [CONFIG_TMPFS_XATTR]\n"
  195. "Kernel hacking ---&gt;\n"
  196. " x86 Debugging ---&gt;\n"
  197. " Choose kernel unwinder (Frame pointer unwinder) ---&gt; [CONFIG_UNWINDER_FRAME_POINTER]"
  198. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><note><para>
  199. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter10/kernel.xml:116
  200. msgid ""
  201. "While \"The IPv6 Protocol\" is not strictly required, it is highly "
  202. "recommended by the systemd developers."
  203. msgstr ""
  204. "尽管 “The IPv6 Protocol” (IPv6 协议支持) 并不是严格要求的,但是 systemd 开发"
  205. "者强烈推荐启用它。"
  206. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><para>
  207. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter10/kernel.xml:120
  208. msgid ""
  209. "There are several other options that may be desired depending on the "
  210. "requirements for the system. For a list of options needed for BLFS packages, "
  211. "see the <ulink url=\"&lfs-root;blfs/view/&short-version;/longindex."
  212. "html#kernel-config-index\">BLFS Index of Kernel Settings</ulink> (&lfs-root;"
  213. "blfs/view/&short-version;/longindex.html#kernel-config-index)."
  214. msgstr ""
  215. "根据系统的需求,可能需要一些其他配置选项。BLFS 软件包需要的内核配置选项列表"
  216. "可以在 <ulink url=\"&lfs-root;blfs/view/&short-version;/longindex."
  217. "html#kernel-config-index\">BLFS Index of Kernel Settings</ulink> (&lfs-root;"
  218. "blfs/view/&short-version;/longindex.html#kernel-config-index) 查阅。"
  219. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><note><para>
  220. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter10/kernel.xml:128
  221. msgid ""
  222. "If your host hardware is using UEFI, then the 'make defconfig' above should "
  223. "automatically add in some EFI-related kernel options."
  224. msgstr ""
  225. "如果您的硬件平台使用 UEFI,则 “make defconfig” 命令也会自动加入一些 EFI 相关"
  226. "的内核选项。"
  227. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><note><para>
  228. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter10/kernel.xml:131
  229. msgid ""
  230. "In order to allow your LFS kernel to be booted from within your host's UEFI "
  231. "boot environment, your kernel must have this option selected:"
  232. msgstr ""
  233. "为了允许从宿主系统的 UEFI 引导环境引导 LFS 内核,您必须选择一个内核选项:"
  234. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><note><screen>
  235. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter10/kernel.xml:135
  236. #, no-wrap
  237. msgid ""
  238. "Processor type and features ---&gt;\n"
  239. " [*] EFI stub support [CONFIG_EFI_STUB]"
  240. msgstr ""
  241. "Processor type and features ---&gt;\n"
  242. " [*] EFI stub support [CONFIG_EFI_STUB]"
  243. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><note><para>
  244. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter10/kernel.xml:138
  245. msgid ""
  246. "A fuller description of managing UEFI environments from within LFS is "
  247. "covered by the lfs-uefi.txt hint at <ulink url=\"&hints-root;lfs-uefi.txt\"/"
  248. ">."
  249. msgstr ""
  250. "在 LFS 中管理 UEFI 环境的较完整说明包含在 lfs-uefi.txt 中,它位于 <ulink "
  251. "url=\"&hints-root;lfs-uefi.txt\"/>。"
  252. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><title>
  253. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter10/kernel.xml:146
  254. msgid "The rationale for the above configuration items:"
  255. msgstr "上述配置选项的含义:"
  256. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
  257. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter10/kernel.xml:149
  258. msgid "<parameter>Support for uevent helper</parameter>"
  259. msgstr "<parameter>Support for uevent helper</parameter>"
  260. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
  261. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter10/kernel.xml:151
  262. msgid ""
  263. "Having this option set may interfere with device management when using Udev/"
  264. "Eudev."
  265. msgstr "如果启用了该选项,它可能干扰 Udev/Eudev 的设备管理。"
  266. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
  267. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter10/kernel.xml:157
  268. msgid "<parameter>Maintain a devtmpfs</parameter>"
  269. msgstr "<parameter>Maintain a devtmpfs</parameter>"
  270. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
  271. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter10/kernel.xml:159
  272. msgid ""
  273. "This will create automated device nodes which are populated by the kernel, "
  274. "even without Udev running. Udev then runs on top of this, managing "
  275. "permissions and adding symlinks. This configuration item is required for "
  276. "all users of Udev/Eudev."
  277. msgstr ""
  278. "该选项会使内核自动创建设备节点,即使 Udev 没有运行。Udev 之后才在这些设备节"
  279. "点的基础上运行,管理它们的访问权限并为它们建立符号链接。所有 Udev/Eudev 用"
  280. "户都需要启用该选项。"
  281. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><screen>
  282. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter10/kernel.xml:168
  283. #, no-wrap
  284. msgid "<userinput>make menuconfig</userinput>"
  285. msgstr "<userinput>make menuconfig</userinput>"
  286. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><title>
  287. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter10/kernel.xml:171
  288. msgid "The meaning of optional make environment variables:"
  289. msgstr "以上命令中可选的 make 环境变量及含义:"
  290. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
  291. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter10/kernel.xml:174
  292. msgid "<parameter>LANG=&lt;host_LANG_value&gt; LC_ALL=</parameter>"
  293. msgstr "<parameter>LANG=&lt;host_LANG_value&gt; LC_ALL=</parameter>"
  294. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
  295. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter10/kernel.xml:176
  296. msgid ""
  297. "This establishes the locale setting to the one used on the host. This may "
  298. "be needed for a proper menuconfig ncurses interface line drawing on a UTF-8 "
  299. "linux text console."
  300. msgstr ""
  301. "它们根据宿主使用的 locale 建立 locale 设定。在 UTF-8 Linux 文本终端下,有时"
  302. "必须这样做才能正确绘制基于 ncurses 的配置菜单接口。"
  303. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
  304. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter10/kernel.xml:180
  305. msgid ""
  306. "If used, be sure to replace <replaceable>&lt;host_LANG_value&gt;</"
  307. "replaceable> by the value of the <envar>$LANG</envar> variable from your "
  308. "host. You can alternatively use instead the host's value of <envar>$LC_ALL</"
  309. "envar> or <envar>$LC_CTYPE</envar>."
  310. msgstr ""
  311. "在这种情况下,一定要将 <replaceable>&lt;host_LANG_value&gt; </replaceable> 替"
  312. "换成宿主环境中的 <envar>$LANG</envar> 变量值。您也可以使用宿主环境中 <envar>"
  313. "$LC_ALL</envar> 或 <envar>$LC_CTYPE</envar> 的值代替。"
  314. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><para>
  315. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter10/kernel.xml:190
  316. msgid ""
  317. "Alternatively, <command>make oldconfig</command> may be more appropriate in "
  318. "some situations. See the <filename>README</filename> file for more "
  319. "information."
  320. msgstr ""
  321. "某些情况下,<command>make oldconfig</command> 更为合适。阅读 "
  322. "<filename>README</filename> 文件了解更多信息。"
  323. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><para>
  324. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter10/kernel.xml:194
  325. msgid ""
  326. "If desired, skip kernel configuration by copying the kernel config file, "
  327. "<filename>.config</filename>, from the host system (assuming it is "
  328. "available) to the unpacked <filename class=\"directory\">linux-&linux-"
  329. "version;</filename> directory. However, we do not recommend this option. It "
  330. "is often better to explore all the configuration menus and create the kernel "
  331. "configuration from scratch."
  332. msgstr ""
  333. "如果希望的话,也可以将宿主系统的内核配置文件 <filename>.config</filename> 拷"
  334. "贝到解压出的 <filename class=\"directory\">linux-&linux-version;</filename> "
  335. "目录 (前提是可以找到该文件)。然而我们不推荐这样做,一般来说,浏览整个配置目"
  336. "录,并从头创建内核配置是更好的选择。"
  337. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><para>
  338. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter10/kernel.xml:202
  339. msgid "Compile the kernel image and modules:"
  340. msgstr "编译内核映像和模块:"
  341. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><screen>
  342. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter10/kernel.xml:204
  343. #, no-wrap
  344. msgid "<userinput remap=\"make\">make</userinput>"
  345. msgstr "<userinput remap=\"make\">make</userinput>"
  346. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><para>
  347. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter10/kernel.xml:206
  348. msgid ""
  349. "If using kernel modules, module configuration in <filename class=\"directory"
  350. "\">/etc/modprobe.d</filename> may be required. Information pertaining to "
  351. "modules and kernel configuration is located in <xref linkend=\"ch-config-udev"
  352. "\"/> and in the kernel documentation in the <filename class=\"directory"
  353. "\">linux-&linux-version;/Documentation</filename> directory. Also, "
  354. "<filename>modprobe.d(5)</filename> may be of interest."
  355. msgstr ""
  356. "如果要使用内核模块,可能需要在 <filename class=\"directory\">/etc/modprobe."
  357. "d</filename> 中写入模块配置。讨论模块和内核配置的信息位于<xref linkend=\"ch-"
  358. "config-udev\"/>和 <filename class=\"directory\">linux-&linux-version;/"
  359. "Documentation </filename> 目录下的内核文档中。另外 <filename>modprobe.d(5)</"
  360. "filename> 也可以作为参考。"
  361. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><para>
  362. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter10/kernel.xml:214
  363. msgid ""
  364. "Unless module support has been disabled in the kernel configuration, install "
  365. "the modules with:"
  366. msgstr "如果内核配置使用了模块,安装它们:"
  367. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><screen>
  368. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter10/kernel.xml:217
  369. #, no-wrap
  370. msgid "<userinput remap=\"install\">make modules_install</userinput>"
  371. msgstr "<userinput remap=\"install\">make modules_install</userinput>"
  372. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><para>
  373. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter10/kernel.xml:219
  374. msgid ""
  375. "After kernel compilation is complete, additional steps are required to "
  376. "complete the installation. Some files need to be copied to the <filename "
  377. "class=\"directory\">/boot</filename> directory."
  378. msgstr ""
  379. "在内核编译完成后,需要进行额外步骤完成安装,一些文件需要拷贝到 <filename "
  380. "class=\"directory\">/boot</filename> 目录中。"
  381. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><caution><para>
  382. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter10/kernel.xml:224
  383. msgid ""
  384. "If the host system has a separate /boot partition, the files copied below "
  385. "should go there. The easiest way to do that is to bind /boot on the host "
  386. "(outside chroot) to /mnt/lfs/boot before proceeding. As the root user in "
  387. "the <emphasis>host system</emphasis>:"
  388. msgstr ""
  389. "如果宿主系统有单独的 /boot 分区,需要将这些文件拷贝到该分区中。最简单的方法"
  390. "是将宿主系统的 /boot (在 chroot 之外) 绑定到 /mnt/lfs/boot 再拷贝文件,在"
  391. "<emphasis>宿主系统</emphasis>中,以 root 身份执行:"
  392. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><caution><screen>
  393. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter10/kernel.xml:229
  394. #, no-wrap
  395. msgid "<userinput>mount --bind /boot /mnt/lfs/boot</userinput>"
  396. msgstr "<userinput>mount --bind /boot /mnt/lfs/boot</userinput>"
  397. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><para>
  398. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter10/kernel.xml:232
  399. msgid ""
  400. "The path to the kernel image may vary depending on the platform being used. "
  401. "The filename below can be changed to suit your taste, but the stem of the "
  402. "filename should be <emphasis>vmlinuz</emphasis> to be compatible with the "
  403. "automatic setup of the boot process described in the next section. The "
  404. "following command assumes an x86 architecture:"
  405. msgstr ""
  406. "指向内核映像的路径可能随机器平台的不同而变化。下面使用的文件名可以依照您的需"
  407. "要改变,但文件名的开头应该保持为 <emphasis>vmlinuz</emphasis>,以保证和下一"
  408. "节描述的引导过程自动设定相兼容。下面的命令假定是机器是 x86 体系结构:"
  409. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><screen>
  410. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter10/kernel.xml:238
  411. #, no-wrap
  412. msgid "<userinput remap=\"install\">cp -iv arch/x86/boot/bzImage /boot/vmlinuz-&linux-version;-lfs-&version;</userinput>"
  413. msgstr "<userinput remap=\"install\">cp -iv arch/x86/boot/bzImage /boot/vmlinuz-&linux-version;-lfs-&version;</userinput>"
  414. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><screen>
  415. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter10/kernel.xml:240
  416. #, no-wrap
  417. msgid "<userinput remap=\"install\">cp -iv arch/x86/boot/bzImage /boot/vmlinuz-&linux-version;-lfs-&versiond;</userinput>"
  418. msgstr "<userinput remap=\"install\">cp -iv arch/x86/boot/bzImage /boot/vmlinuz-&linux-version;-lfs-&versiond;</userinput>"
  419. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><para>
  420. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter10/kernel.xml:242
  421. msgid ""
  422. "<filename>System.map</filename> is a symbol file for the kernel. It maps "
  423. "the function entry points of every function in the kernel API, as well as "
  424. "the addresses of the kernel data structures for the running kernel. It is "
  425. "used as a resource when investigating kernel problems. Issue the following "
  426. "command to install the map file:"
  427. msgstr ""
  428. "<filename>System.map</filename> 是内核符号文件,它将内核 API 的每个函数入口"
  429. "点和运行时数据结构映射到它们的地址。它被用于调查分析内核可能出现的问题。执行"
  430. "以下命令安装该文件:"
  431. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><screen>
  432. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter10/kernel.xml:248
  433. #, no-wrap
  434. msgid "<userinput remap=\"install\">cp -iv System.map /boot/System.map-&linux-version;</userinput>"
  435. msgstr "<userinput remap=\"install\">cp -iv System.map /boot/System.map-&linux-version;</userinput>"
  436. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><para>
  437. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter10/kernel.xml:250
  438. msgid ""
  439. "The kernel configuration file <filename>.config</filename> produced by the "
  440. "<command>make menuconfig</command> step above contains all the configuration "
  441. "selections for the kernel that was just compiled. It is a good idea to keep "
  442. "this file for future reference:"
  443. msgstr ""
  444. "内核配置文件 <filename>.config</filename> 由上述的 <command>make menuconfig</"
  445. "command> 步骤生成,包含编译好的内核的所有配置选项。最好能将它保留下来以供日"
  446. "后参考:"
  447. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><screen>
  448. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter10/kernel.xml:256
  449. #, no-wrap
  450. msgid "<userinput remap=\"install\">cp -iv .config /boot/config-&linux-version;</userinput>"
  451. msgstr "<userinput remap=\"install\">cp -iv .config /boot/config-&linux-version;</userinput>"
  452. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><para>
  453. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter10/kernel.xml:258
  454. msgid "Install the documentation for the Linux kernel:"
  455. msgstr "安装 Linux 内核文档:"
  456. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><screen>
  457. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter10/kernel.xml:260
  458. #, no-wrap
  459. msgid ""
  460. "<userinput remap=\"install\">install -d /usr/share/doc/linux-&linux-version;\n"
  461. "cp -r Documentation/* /usr/share/doc/linux-&linux-version;</userinput>"
  462. msgstr ""
  463. "<userinput remap=\"install\">install -d /usr/share/doc/linux-&linux-version;\n"
  464. "cp -r Documentation/* /usr/share/doc/linux-&linux-version;</userinput>"
  465. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><para>
  466. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter10/kernel.xml:263
  467. msgid ""
  468. "It is important to note that the files in the kernel source directory are "
  469. "not owned by <emphasis>root</emphasis>. Whenever a package is unpacked as "
  470. "user <emphasis>root</emphasis> (like we did inside chroot), the files have "
  471. "the user and group IDs of whatever they were on the packager's computer. "
  472. "This is usually not a problem for any other package to be installed because "
  473. "the source tree is removed after the installation. However, the Linux source "
  474. "tree is often retained for a long time. Because of this, there is a chance "
  475. "that whatever user ID the packager used will be assigned to somebody on the "
  476. "machine. That person would then have write access to the kernel source."
  477. msgstr ""
  478. "需要注意的是,在内核源代码目录中可能有不属于 <emphasis>root</emphasis> 的文"
  479. "件。在以 <emphasis>root</emphasis> 身份解压源代码包时 (就像我们在 chroot 环境"
  480. "中所做的那样),这些文件会获得它们之前在软件包创建者的计算机上的用户和组 "
  481. "ID。这一般不会造成问题,因为在安装后通常会删除源代码目录树。然而,Linux 源"
  482. "代码目录树一般会被保留较长时间,这样创建者当时使用的用户 ID 就可能被分配给本"
  483. "机的某个用户,导致该用户拥有内核源代码的写权限。"
  484. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><note><para>
  485. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter10/kernel.xml:276
  486. msgid ""
  487. "In many cases, the configuration of the kernel will need to be updated for "
  488. "packages that will be installed later in BLFS. Unlike other packages, it is "
  489. "not necessary to remove the kernel source tree after the newly built kernel "
  490. "is installed."
  491. msgstr ""
  492. "之后在 BLFS 中安装软件包时往往需要修改内核配置。因此,和其他软件包不同,我们"
  493. "在安装好内核后可以不移除源代码树。"
  494. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><note><para>
  495. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter10/kernel.xml:281
  496. msgid ""
  497. "If the kernel source tree is going to be retained, run <command>chown -R "
  498. "0:0</command> on the <filename class=\"directory\">linux-&linux-version;</"
  499. "filename> directory to ensure all files are owned by user <emphasis>root</"
  500. "emphasis>."
  501. msgstr ""
  502. "如果要保留内核源代码树,切换到内核源代码目录,执行 <command>chown -R 0:0</"
  503. "command>,以保证 <filename class=\"directory\">linux-&linux-version;</"
  504. "filename> 目录中所有文件都属于 <emphasis>root</emphasis>。"
  505. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><warning><para>
  506. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter10/kernel.xml:288
  507. msgid ""
  508. "Some kernel documentation recommends creating a symlink from <filename class="
  509. "\"symlink\">/usr/src/linux</filename> pointing to the kernel source "
  510. "directory. This is specific to kernels prior to the 2.6 series and "
  511. "<emphasis>must not</emphasis> be created on an LFS system as it can cause "
  512. "problems for packages you may wish to build once your base LFS system is "
  513. "complete."
  514. msgstr ""
  515. "有的内核文档建议创建符号链接 <filename class=\"symlink\">/usr/src/linux</"
  516. "filename> 指向内核源代码目录,这仅仅适用于 2.6 系列之前的内核。在 LFS 系统上"
  517. "<emphasis>绝对不要</emphasis>创建它,因为在构建完基本 LFS 系统后,它可能在您"
  518. "构建其他软件包时引起问题。"
  519. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><warning><para>
  520. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter10/kernel.xml:297
  521. msgid ""
  522. "The headers in the system's <filename class=\"directory\">include</filename> "
  523. "directory (<filename class=\"directory\">/usr/include</filename>) should "
  524. "<emphasis>always</emphasis> be the ones against which Glibc was compiled, "
  525. "that is, the sanitised headers installed in <xref linkend=\"ch-tools-linux-"
  526. "headers\"/>. Therefore, they should <emphasis>never</emphasis> be replaced "
  527. "by either the raw kernel headers or any other kernel sanitized headers."
  528. msgstr ""
  529. "在系统 <filename class=\"directory\">include</filename> 目录 (即 <filename "
  530. "class=\"directory\">/usr/include</filename>) 中的内核头文件应该<emphasis>总是"
  531. "</emphasis>与构建 Glibc 时使用的内核头文件一致,即保持为<xref linkend=\"ch-"
  532. "tools-linux-headers\"/>中安装的净化头文件。换句话说,<emphasis>永远不要</"
  533. "emphasis>用原始内核头文件,或其他版本内核的净化头文件替换它们。"
  534. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><title>
  535. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter10/kernel.xml:310
  536. msgid "Configuring Linux Module Load Order"
  537. msgstr "配置 Linux 内核模块加载顺序"
  538. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><indexterm><primary>
  539. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter10/kernel.xml:313
  540. msgid "/etc/modprobe.d/usb.conf"
  541. msgstr "/etc/modprobe.d/usb.conf"
  542. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><para>
  543. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter10/kernel.xml:316
  544. msgid ""
  545. "Most of the time Linux modules are loaded automatically, but sometimes it "
  546. "needs some specific direction. The program that loads modules, "
  547. "<command>modprobe</command> or <command>insmod</command>, uses <filename>/"
  548. "etc/modprobe.d/usb.conf</filename> for this purpose. This file needs to be "
  549. "created so that if the USB drivers (ehci_hcd, ohci_hcd and uhci_hcd) have "
  550. "been built as modules, they will be loaded in the correct order; ehci_hcd "
  551. "needs to be loaded prior to ohci_hcd and uhci_hcd in order to avoid a "
  552. "warning being output at boot time."
  553. msgstr ""
  554. "多数情况下 Linux 内核模块可以自动加载,但有时需要指定加载顺序。负责加载内核"
  555. "模块的程序 <command>modprobe</command> 和 <command>insmod</command> 从 "
  556. "<filename>/etc/modprobe.d</filename> 下的配置文件中读取加载顺序,例如,如果 "
  557. "USB 驱动程序 (ehci_hcd、ohci_hcd 和 uhci_hcd) 被构建为模块,则必须按照先加"
  558. "载 echi_hcd,再加载 ohci_hcd 和 uhci_hcd 的正确顺序,才能避免引导时出现警告"
  559. "信息。"
  560. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><para>
  561. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter10/kernel.xml:325
  562. msgid ""
  563. "Create a new file <filename>/etc/modprobe.d/usb.conf</filename> by running "
  564. "the following:"
  565. msgstr ""
  566. "为此,执行以下命令创建文件 <filename>/etc/modprobe.d/usb.conf</filename>:"
  567. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><screen>
  568. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter10/kernel.xml:328
  569. #, no-wrap
  570. msgid ""
  571. "<userinput>install -v -m755 -d /etc/modprobe.d\n"
  572. "cat &gt; /etc/modprobe.d/usb.conf &lt;&lt; \"EOF\"\n"
  573. "<literal># Begin /etc/modprobe.d/usb.conf\n"
  574. "\n"
  575. "install ohci_hcd /sbin/modprobe ehci_hcd ; /sbin/modprobe -i ohci_hcd ; true\n"
  576. "install uhci_hcd /sbin/modprobe ehci_hcd ; /sbin/modprobe -i uhci_hcd ; true\n"
  577. "\n"
  578. "# End /etc/modprobe.d/usb.conf</literal>\n"
  579. "EOF</userinput>"
  580. msgstr ""
  581. "<userinput>install -v -m755 -d /etc/modprobe.d\n"
  582. "cat &gt; /etc/modprobe.d/usb.conf &lt;&lt; \"EOF\"\n"
  583. "<literal># Begin /etc/modprobe.d/usb.conf\n"
  584. "\n"
  585. "install ohci_hcd /sbin/modprobe ehci_hcd ; /sbin/modprobe -i ohci_hcd ; true\n"
  586. "install uhci_hcd /sbin/modprobe ehci_hcd ; /sbin/modprobe -i uhci_hcd ; true\n"
  587. "\n"
  588. "# End /etc/modprobe.d/usb.conf</literal>\n"
  589. "EOF</userinput>"
  590. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><title>
  591. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter10/kernel.xml:341
  592. msgid "Contents of Linux"
  593. msgstr "Linux 的内容"
  594. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><segmentedlist><segtitle>
  595. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter10/kernel.xml:344
  596. msgid "Installed files"
  597. msgstr "安装的文件"
  598. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><segmentedlist><segtitle>
  599. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter10/kernel.xml:345
  600. msgid "Installed directories"
  601. msgstr "安装的目录"
  602. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><segmentedlist><seglistitem><seg>
  603. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter10/kernel.xml:348
  604. msgid ""
  605. "config-&linux-version;, <phrase revision=\"sysv\">vmlinuz-&linux-version;-"
  606. "lfs-&version;,</phrase> <phrase revision=\"systemd\">vmlinuz-&linux-version;-"
  607. "lfs-&versiond;,</phrase> and System.map-&linux-version;"
  608. msgstr ""
  609. "config-&linux-version;, <phrase revision=\"sysv\">vmlinuz-&linux-version;-"
  610. "lfs-&version;,</phrase> <phrase revision=\"systemd\">vmlinuz-&linux-version;-"
  611. "lfs-&versiond;,</phrase> 以及 System.map-&linux-version;"
  612. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><segmentedlist><seglistitem><seg>
  613. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter10/kernel.xml:352
  614. msgid "/lib/modules, /usr/share/doc/linux-&linux-version;"
  615. msgstr "/lib/modules 和 /usr/share/doc/linux-&linux-version;"
  616. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><bridgehead>
  617. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter10/kernel.xml:357
  618. msgid "Short Descriptions"
  619. msgstr "简要描述"
  620. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist>
  621. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter10/kernel.xml:358
  622. msgid ""
  623. "<?dbfo list-presentation=\"list\"?> <?dbhtml list-presentation=\"table\"?>"
  624. msgstr ""
  625. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
  626. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter10/kernel.xml:362
  627. msgid "<filename>config-&linux-version;</filename>"
  628. msgstr "<filename>config-&linux-version;</filename>"
  629. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
  630. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter10/kernel.xml:364
  631. msgid "Contains all the configuration selections for the kernel"
  632. msgstr "包含所有内核配置选项的值"
  633. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><indexterm><primary>
  634. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter10/kernel.xml:366
  635. msgid "/boot/config-&linux-version;"
  636. msgstr "/boot/config-&linux-version;"
  637. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
  638. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter10/kernel.xml:372
  639. msgid "<filename>vmlinuz-&linux-version;-lfs-&version;</filename>"
  640. msgstr "<filename>vmlinuz-&linux-version;-lfs-&version;</filename>"
  641. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
  642. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter10/kernel.xml:373
  643. msgid "<filename>vmlinuz-&linux-version;-lfs-&versiond;</filename>"
  644. msgstr "<filename>vmlinuz-&linux-version;-lfs-&versiond;</filename>"
  645. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
  646. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter10/kernel.xml:375
  647. msgid ""
  648. "The engine of the Linux system. When turning on the computer, the kernel is "
  649. "the first part of the operating system that gets loaded. It detects and "
  650. "initializes all components of the computer's hardware, then makes these "
  651. "components available as a tree of files to the software and turns a single "
  652. "CPU into a multitasking machine capable of running scores of programs "
  653. "seemingly at the same time"
  654. msgstr ""
  655. "Linux 系统的引擎,在启动计算机时,它是操作系统中被最早加载的部分。它检测并初"
  656. "始化计算机硬件,将它们以目录树的形式提供给软件,并将单个 CPU 封装成多任务系"
  657. "统,使多个用户程序看上去在同时执行。"
  658. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><indexterm><primary>
  659. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter10/kernel.xml:382
  660. msgid "lfskernel-&linux-version;"
  661. msgstr "lfskernel-&linux-version;"
  662. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
  663. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter10/kernel.xml:388
  664. msgid "<filename>System.map-&linux-version;</filename>"
  665. msgstr "<filename>System.map-&linux-version;</filename>"
  666. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
  667. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter10/kernel.xml:390
  668. msgid ""
  669. "A list of addresses and symbols; it maps the entry points and addresses of "
  670. "all the functions and data structures in the kernel"
  671. msgstr "地址和符号列表;它将内核函数和数据结构映射为入口点和地址"
  672. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><indexterm><primary>
  673. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter10/kernel.xml:394
  674. msgid "/boot/System.map-&linux-version;"
  675. msgstr "/boot/System.map-&linux-version;"