msgid "Adding the LFS User" msgstr "添加 LFS 用户" #. type: Content of: <sect1><para> msgid "" "When logged in as user <systemitem class=\"username\">root</systemitem>, " "making a single mistake can damage or destroy a system. Therefore, the " "packages in the next two chapters are built as an unprivileged user. You " "could use your own user name, but to make it easier to set up a clean " "working environment, create a new user called <systemitem class=\"username" "\">lfs</systemitem> as a member of a new group (also named <systemitem class=" "\"groupname\">lfs</systemitem>) and use this user during the installation " "process. As <systemitem class=\"username\">root</systemitem>, issue the " "following commands to add the new user:" msgstr "" "在作为 <systemitem class=\"username\">root</systemitem> 用户登录时，一个微小" "的错误就可能损坏甚至摧毁整个系统。因此，我们建议在后续两章中，以非特权用户身" "份编译软件包。您可以使用自己的系统用户，但为了更容易地建立一个干净的工作环" "境，最好创建一个名为 <systemitem class=\"username\">lfs</systemitem> 的新用" "户，以及它从属于的一个新组 (组名也是 <systemitem class=\"groupname\">lfs</" "systemitem>)，以便我们在安装过程中使用。为了创建新用户，以 <systemitem class=" "\"username\">root</systemitem> 身份执行以下命令：" #. type: Content of: <sect1><screen> #, no-wrap msgid "" "<userinput>groupadd lfs\n" "useradd -s /bin/bash -g lfs -m -k /dev/null lfs</userinput>" msgstr "" "<userinput>groupadd lfs\n" "useradd -s /bin/bash -g lfs -m -k /dev/null lfs</userinput>" #. type: Content of: <sect1><variablelist><title> msgid "The meaning of the command line options:" msgstr "命令行各选项的含义:" #. type: Content of: <sect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term> msgid "<parameter>-s /bin/bash</parameter>" msgstr "<parameter>-s /bin/bash</parameter>" #. type: Content of: <sect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> msgid "" "This makes <command>bash</command> the default shell for user <systemitem " "class=\"username\">lfs</systemitem>." msgstr "" "设置 <command>bash</command> 为用户 <systemitem class=\"username\">lfs</" "systemitem> 的默认 shell。" #. type: Content of: <sect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term> msgid "<parameter>-g lfs</parameter>" msgstr "<parameter>-g lfs</parameter>" #. type: Content of: <sect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> msgid "" "This option adds user <systemitem class=\"username\">lfs</systemitem> to " "group <systemitem class=\"groupname\">lfs</systemitem>." msgstr "" "添加用户 <systemitem class=\"username\">lfs</systemitem> 到组 <systemitem " "class=\"groupname\">lfs</systemitem>。" #. type: Content of: <sect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term> msgid "<parameter>-m</parameter>" msgstr "<parameter>-m</parameter>" #. type: Content of: <sect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> msgid "" "This creates a home directory for <systemitem class=\"username\">lfs</" "systemitem>." msgstr "" "为用户 <systemitem class=\"username\">lfs</systemitem> 创建一个主目录。" #. type: Content of: <sect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term> msgid "<parameter>-k /dev/null</parameter>" msgstr "<parameter>-k /dev/null</parameter>" #. type: Content of: <sect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> msgid "" "This parameter prevents possible copying of files from a skeleton directory " "(default is <filename class=\"directory\">/etc/skel</filename>) by changing " "the input location to the special null device." msgstr "" "将模板目录设置为空设备文件，从而不从默认模板目录 (<filename class=\"directory" "\">/etc/skel</filename>) 复制文件到新的主目录。" #. type: Content of: <sect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term> msgid "<parameter>lfs</parameter>" msgstr "<parameter>lfs</parameter>" #. type: Content of: <sect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> msgid "This is the actual name for the created user." msgstr "要创建的用户的名称。" # Critical warning supressed. Don't know how to translate this keeping the order of XML labels. #. type: Content of: <sect1><para> msgid "" "To log in as <systemitem class=\"username\">lfs</systemitem> (as opposed to " "switching to user <systemitem class=\"username\">lfs</systemitem> when " "logged in as <systemitem class=\"username\">root</systemitem>, which does " "not require the <systemitem class=\"username\">lfs</systemitem> user to have " "a password), give <systemitem class=\"username\">lfs</systemitem> a password:" msgstr "" "为了以 <systemitem class=\"username\">lfs</systemitem> 身份登录系统 (尽管以 " "<systemitem class=\"username\">root</systemitem> 身份登录时可以不用输入密码，" "直接切换到用户 <systemitem class=\"username\">lfs</systemitem>)，为 " "<systemitem class=\"username\">lfs</systemitem> 设置密码：" #. type: Content of: <sect1><screen> #, no-wrap msgid "<userinput>passwd lfs</userinput>" msgstr "<userinput>passwd lfs</userinput>" #. type: Content of: <sect1><para> msgid "" "Grant <systemitem class=\"username\">lfs</systemitem> full access to all " "directories under <filename class=\"directory\">$LFS</filename> by making " "<systemitem class=\"username\">lfs</systemitem> the directory owner:" msgstr "" "将 <systemitem class=\"username\">lfs</systemitem> 设为 <filename class=" "\"directory\">$LFS</filename> 中所有目录的所有者，使 <systemitem class=" "\"username\">lfs</systemitem> 对它们拥有完全访问权：" #. type: Content of: <sect1><screen> #, no-wrap msgid "" "<userinput>chown -v lfs $LFS/{usr,lib,var,etc,bin,sbin,tools}\n" "case $(uname -m) in\n" " x86_64) chown -v lfs $LFS/lib64 ;;\n" "esac</userinput>" msgstr "" "<userinput>chown -v lfs $LFS/{usr,lib,var,etc,bin,sbin,tools}\n" "case $(uname -m) in\n" " x86_64) chown -v lfs $LFS/lib64 ;;\n" "esac</userinput>" #. type: Content of: <sect1><para> msgid "" "If a separate working directory was created as suggested, give user " "<systemitem class=\"username\">lfs</systemitem> ownership of this directory:" msgstr "" "如果您按照本书的建议，建立了一个单独的工作目录，那么将这个目录的所有者也设为 " "<systemitem class=\"username\">lfs</systemitem>：" #. type: Content of: <sect1><screen> #, no-wrap msgid "<userinput>chown -v lfs $LFS/sources</userinput>" msgstr "<userinput>chown -v lfs $LFS/sources</userinput>" #. type: Content of: <sect1><note><para> msgid "" "In some host systems, the following command does not complete properly and " "suspends the login to the lfs user to the background. If the prompt \"lfs:~$" "\" does not appear immediately, entering the <command>fg</command> command " "will fix the issue." msgstr "" "在某些宿主系统上，下面的命令不会正确完成，而会将 lfs 用户的登录会话挂起到后" "台。如果提示符 “lfs:~$” 没有很快出现，输入 <command>fg</command> 命令以修复这" "个问题。" #. type: Content of: <sect1><para> msgid "" "Next, login as user <systemitem class=\"username\">lfs</systemitem>. This " "can be done via a virtual console, through a display manager, or with the " "following substitute/switch user command:" msgstr "" "下面以 <systemitem class=\"username\">lfs</systemitem> 的身份登录。可以通过虚" "拟控制台或者显示管理器登录，也可以使用下面的命令切换用户：" #. type: Content of: <sect1><screen> #, no-wrap msgid "<userinput>su - lfs</userinput>" msgstr "<userinput>su - lfs</userinput>" #. type: Content of: <sect1><para> msgid "" "The <quote><parameter>-</parameter></quote> instructs <command>su</command> " "to start a login shell as opposed to a non-login shell. The difference " "between these two types of shells can be found in detail in " "<filename>bash(1)</filename> and <command>info bash</command>." msgstr "" "参数 <quote><parameter>-</parameter></quote> 使得 <command>su</command> 启动" "一个登录 shell，而不是非登录 shell。您可以阅读 <filename>bash(1)</filename> " "和 <command>info bash</command> 详细了解它们的区别。"

msgid "" msgstr "" "X-Pootle-Revision: 9999999\n" "X-Pootle-Path: /zh_CN/lfs/chapter04/addinguser.po\n" "Project-Id-Version: PACKAGE VERSION\n" "POT-Creation-Date: 2020-08-08 19:28+0800\n" "PO-Revision-Date: YEAR-MO-DA HO:MI+ZONE\n" "Last-Translator: FULL NAME \n" "Language-Team: LANGUAGE \n" "Language: zh_CN\n" "MIME-Version: 1.0\n" "Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n" "Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n" "X-Generator: Translate Toolkit 2.2.5\n" #. type: Content of: msgid "Adding the LFS User" msgstr "添加 LFS 用户" #. type: Content of: <sect1><para> msgid "" "When logged in as user <systemitem class=\"username\">root</systemitem>, " "making a single mistake can damage or destroy a system. Therefore, the " "packages in the next two chapters are built as an unprivileged user. You " "could use your own user name, but to make it easier to set up a clean " "working environment, create a new user called <systemitem class=\"username" "\">lfs</systemitem> as a member of a new group (also named <systemitem class=" "\"groupname\">lfs</systemitem>) and use this user during the installation " "process. As <systemitem class=\"username\">root</systemitem>, issue the " "following commands to add the new user:" msgstr "" "在作为 <systemitem class=\"username\">root</systemitem> 用户登录时，一个微小" "的错误就可能损坏甚至摧毁整个系统。因此，我们建议在后续两章中，以非特权用户身" "份编译软件包。您可以使用自己的系统用户，但为了更容易地建立一个干净的工作环" "境，最好创建一个名为 <systemitem class=\"username\">lfs</systemitem> 的新用" "户，以及它从属于的一个新组 (组名也是 <systemitem class=\"groupname\">lfs</" "systemitem>)，以便我们在安装过程中使用。为了创建新用户，以 <systemitem class=" "\"username\">root</systemitem> 身份执行以下命令：" #. type: Content of: <sect1><screen> #, no-wrap msgid "" "<userinput>groupadd lfs\n" "useradd -s /bin/bash -g lfs -m -k /dev/null lfs</userinput>" msgstr "" "<userinput>groupadd lfs\n" "useradd -s /bin/bash -g lfs -m -k /dev/null lfs</userinput>" #. type: Content of: <sect1><variablelist><title> msgid "The meaning of the command line options:" msgstr "命令行各选项的含义:" #. type: Content of: <sect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term> msgid "<parameter>-s /bin/bash</parameter>" msgstr "<parameter>-s /bin/bash</parameter>" #. type: Content of: <sect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> msgid "" "This makes <command>bash</command> the default shell for user <systemitem " "class=\"username\">lfs</systemitem>." msgstr "" "设置 <command>bash</command> 为用户 <systemitem class=\"username\">lfs</" "systemitem> 的默认 shell。" #. type: Content of: <sect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term> msgid "<parameter>-g lfs</parameter>" msgstr "<parameter>-g lfs</parameter>" #. type: Content of: <sect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> msgid "" "This option adds user <systemitem class=\"username\">lfs</systemitem> to " "group <systemitem class=\"groupname\">lfs</systemitem>." msgstr "" "添加用户 <systemitem class=\"username\">lfs</systemitem> 到组 <systemitem " "class=\"groupname\">lfs</systemitem>。" #. type: Content of: <sect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term> msgid "<parameter>-m</parameter>" msgstr "<parameter>-m</parameter>" #. type: Content of: <sect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> msgid "" "This creates a home directory for <systemitem class=\"username\">lfs</" "systemitem>." msgstr "" "为用户 <systemitem class=\"username\">lfs</systemitem> 创建一个主目录。" #. type: Content of: <sect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term> msgid "<parameter>-k /dev/null</parameter>" msgstr "<parameter>-k /dev/null</parameter>" #. type: Content of: <sect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> msgid "" "This parameter prevents possible copying of files from a skeleton directory " "(default is <filename class=\"directory\">/etc/skel</filename>) by changing " "the input location to the special null device." msgstr "" "将模板目录设置为空设备文件，从而不从默认模板目录 (<filename class=\"directory" "\">/etc/skel</filename>) 复制文件到新的主目录。" #. type: Content of: <sect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term> msgid "<parameter>lfs</parameter>" msgstr "<parameter>lfs</parameter>" #. type: Content of: <sect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> msgid "This is the actual name for the created user." msgstr "要创建的用户的名称。" # Critical warning supressed. Don't know how to translate this keeping the order of XML labels. #. type: Content of: <sect1><para> msgid "" "To log in as <systemitem class=\"username\">lfs</systemitem> (as opposed to " "switching to user <systemitem class=\"username\">lfs</systemitem> when " "logged in as <systemitem class=\"username\">root</systemitem>, which does " "not require the <systemitem class=\"username\">lfs</systemitem> user to have " "a password), give <systemitem class=\"username\">lfs</systemitem> a password:" msgstr "" "为了以 <systemitem class=\"username\">lfs</systemitem> 身份登录系统 (尽管以 " "<systemitem class=\"username\">root</systemitem> 身份登录时可以不用输入密码，" "直接切换到用户 <systemitem class=\"username\">lfs</systemitem>)，为 " "<systemitem class=\"username\">lfs</systemitem> 设置密码：" #. type: Content of: <sect1><screen> #, no-wrap msgid "<userinput>passwd lfs</userinput>" msgstr "<userinput>passwd lfs</userinput>" #. type: Content of: <sect1><para> msgid "" "Grant <systemitem class=\"username\">lfs</systemitem> full access to all " "directories under <filename class=\"directory\">$LFS</filename> by making " "<systemitem class=\"username\">lfs</systemitem> the directory owner:" msgstr "" "将 <systemitem class=\"username\">lfs</systemitem> 设为 <filename class=" "\"directory\">$LFS</filename> 中所有目录的所有者，使 <systemitem class=" "\"username\">lfs</systemitem> 对它们拥有完全访问权：" #. type: Content of: <sect1><screen> #, no-wrap msgid "" "<userinput>chown -v lfs $LFS/{usr,lib,var,etc,bin,sbin,tools}\n" "case $(uname -m) in\n" " x86_64) chown -v lfs $LFS/lib64 ;;\n" "esac</userinput>" msgstr "" "<userinput>chown -v lfs $LFS/{usr,lib,var,etc,bin,sbin,tools}\n" "case $(uname -m) in\n" " x86_64) chown -v lfs $LFS/lib64 ;;\n" "esac</userinput>" #. type: Content of: <sect1><para> msgid "" "If a separate working directory was created as suggested, give user " "<systemitem class=\"username\">lfs</systemitem> ownership of this directory:" msgstr "" "如果您按照本书的建议，建立了一个单独的工作目录，那么将这个目录的所有者也设为 " "<systemitem class=\"username\">lfs</systemitem>：" #. type: Content of: <sect1><screen> #, no-wrap msgid "<userinput>chown -v lfs $LFS/sources</userinput>" msgstr "<userinput>chown -v lfs $LFS/sources</userinput>" #. type: Content of: <sect1><note><para> msgid "" "In some host systems, the following command does not complete properly and " "suspends the login to the lfs user to the background. If the prompt \"lfs:~$" "\" does not appear immediately, entering the <command>fg</command> command " "will fix the issue." msgstr "" "在某些宿主系统上，下面的命令不会正确完成，而会将 lfs 用户的登录会话挂起到后" "台。如果提示符 “lfs:~$” 没有很快出现，输入 <command>fg</command> 命令以修复这" "个问题。" #. type: Content of: <sect1><para> msgid "" "Next, login as user <systemitem class=\"username\">lfs</systemitem>. This " "can be done via a virtual console, through a display manager, or with the " "following substitute/switch user command:" msgstr "" "下面以 <systemitem class=\"username\">lfs</systemitem> 的身份登录。可以通过虚" "拟控制台或者显示管理器登录，也可以使用下面的命令切换用户：" #. type: Content of: <sect1><screen> #, no-wrap msgid "<userinput>su - lfs</userinput>" msgstr "<userinput>su - lfs</userinput>" #. type: Content of: <sect1><para> msgid "" "The <quote><parameter>-</parameter></quote> instructs <command>su</command> " "to start a login shell as opposed to a non-login shell. The difference " "between these two types of shells can be found in detail in " "<filename>bash(1)</filename> and <command>info bash</command>." msgstr "" "参数 <quote><parameter>-</parameter></quote> 使得 <command>su</command> 启动" "一个登录 shell，而不是非登录 shell。您可以阅读 <filename>bash(1)</filename> " "和 <command>info bash</command> 详细了解它们的区别。"