msgid "Introduction" msgstr "概述" #. type: Content of: <sect1><para> msgid "" "Booting a Linux system involves several tasks. The process must mount both " "virtual and real file systems, initialize devices, activate swap, check file " "systems for integrity, mount any swap partitions or files, set the system " "clock, bring up networking, start any daemons required by the system, and " "accomplish any other custom tasks needed by the user. This process must be " "organized to ensure the tasks are performed in the correct order but, at the " "same time, be executed as fast as possible." msgstr "" "引导 Linux 系统需要完成若干任务。引导过程必须挂载虚拟和真实文件系统、初始化设" "备、启用交换、检查文件系统完整性、挂载所有交换分区或文件、设定系统时钟、启用" "网络、启动系统需要的守护进程，并完成用户自定义的其他工作。引导过程必须被组织" "好，以保证这些任务以正确顺序进行，并以尽量快的速度完成。" #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><title> msgid "System V" msgstr "System V" #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><para> msgid "" "System V is the classic boot process that has been used in Unix and Unix-" "like systems such as Linux since about 1983. It consists of a small " "program, <command>init</command>, that sets up basic programs such as " "<command>login</command> (via getty) and runs a script. This script, " "usually named <command>rc</command>, controls the execution of a set of " "additional scripts that perform the tasks required to initialize the system." msgstr "" "System V 是自 1983 年以来就在 Unix 和 Linux 等类 Unix 系统中被广泛应用的经典" "引导过程。它包含一个小程序 <command>init</command>，该程序设定 " "<command>login</command> (通过 getty)并运行一个脚本。该脚本一般被命名为 " "<command>rc</command>，控制一组附加脚本的运行，这些附加脚本完成初始化系统需要" "的各项工作。" #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><para> msgid "" "The <command>init</command> program is controlled by the <filename>/etc/" "inittab</filename> file and is organized into run levels that can be run by " "the user:" msgstr "" "<command>init</command> 程序受到 <filename>/etc/inittab</filename> 文件的控" "制，被组织为用户可以选择的系统运行级别：" #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><literallayout> #, no-wrap msgid "" "0 — halt\n" "1 — Single user mode\n" "2 — Multiuser, without networking\n" "3 — Full multiuser mode\n" "4 — User definable\n" "5 — Full multiuser mode with display manager\n" "6 — reboot" msgstr "" "0 — 停止运行\n" "1 — 单用户模式\n" "2 — 多用户模式，没有网络\n" "3 — 完整的多用户模式\n" "4 — 用户自定义模式\n" "5 — 拥有显示管理器的完整多用户模式\n" "6 — 重启系统" #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><para> msgid "The usual default run level is 3 or 5." msgstr "通常的默认运行级别是 3 或 5。" #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><bridgehead> msgid "Advantages" msgstr "优点" #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><itemizedlist><listitem><para> msgid "Established, well understood system." msgstr "完备的，已经被详细理解的系统。" #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><itemizedlist><listitem><para> msgid "Easy to customize." msgstr "容易定制。" #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><bridgehead> msgid "Disadvantages" msgstr "缺点" #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><itemizedlist><listitem><para> msgid "" "May be slower to boot. A medium speed base LFS system takes 8-12 seconds " "where the boot time is measured from the first kernel message to the login " "prompt. Network connectivity is typically established about 2 seconds after " "the login prompt." msgstr "" "引导速度较慢。一个中等速度的基本 LFS 系统从第一个内核消息开始，到出现登录提示" "符为止，需要 8-12 秒的引导时间，之后还需要约 2 秒启动网络连接。" #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><itemizedlist><listitem><para> msgid "" "Serial processing of boot tasks. This is related to the previous point. A " "delay in any process such as a file system check, will delay the entire boot " "process." msgstr "" "串行执行引导任务，这与前一项缺点相关。引导过程中的延迟 (如文件系统检查) 会拖" "延整个引导过程。" #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><itemizedlist><listitem><para> msgid "" "Does not directly support advanced features like control groups (cgroups), " "and per-user fair share scheduling." msgstr "不支持控制组 (cgroups)、每用户公平共享调度等高级特性。" #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><itemizedlist><listitem><para> msgid "Adding scripts requires manual, static sequencing decisions." msgstr "添加脚本时，需要手动决定它在引导过程中的次序。"

msgid "" msgstr "" "X-Pootle-Revision: 9999999\n" "X-Pootle-Path: /zh_CN/lfs/chapter09/introduction.po\n" "Project-Id-Version: PACKAGE VERSION\n" "POT-Creation-Date: 2020-09-02 17:31+0800\n" "PO-Revision-Date: YEAR-MO-DA HO:MI+ZONE\n" "Last-Translator: FULL NAME \n" "Language-Team: LANGUAGE \n" "Language: zh_CN\n" "MIME-Version: 1.0\n" "Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n" "Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n" "X-Generator: Translate Toolkit 2.2.5\n" #. type: Content of: msgid "Introduction" msgstr "概述" #. type: Content of: <sect1><para> msgid "" "Booting a Linux system involves several tasks. The process must mount both " "virtual and real file systems, initialize devices, activate swap, check file " "systems for integrity, mount any swap partitions or files, set the system " "clock, bring up networking, start any daemons required by the system, and " "accomplish any other custom tasks needed by the user. This process must be " "organized to ensure the tasks are performed in the correct order but, at the " "same time, be executed as fast as possible." msgstr "" "引导 Linux 系统需要完成若干任务。引导过程必须挂载虚拟和真实文件系统、初始化设" "备、启用交换、检查文件系统完整性、挂载所有交换分区或文件、设定系统时钟、启用" "网络、启动系统需要的守护进程，并完成用户自定义的其他工作。引导过程必须被组织" "好，以保证这些任务以正确顺序进行，并以尽量快的速度完成。" #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><title> msgid "System V" msgstr "System V" #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><para> msgid "" "System V is the classic boot process that has been used in Unix and Unix-" "like systems such as Linux since about 1983. It consists of a small " "program, <command>init</command>, that sets up basic programs such as " "<command>login</command> (via getty) and runs a script. This script, " "usually named <command>rc</command>, controls the execution of a set of " "additional scripts that perform the tasks required to initialize the system." msgstr "" "System V 是自 1983 年以来就在 Unix 和 Linux 等类 Unix 系统中被广泛应用的经典" "引导过程。它包含一个小程序 <command>init</command>，该程序设定 " "<command>login</command> (通过 getty)并运行一个脚本。该脚本一般被命名为 " "<command>rc</command>，控制一组附加脚本的运行，这些附加脚本完成初始化系统需要" "的各项工作。" #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><para> msgid "" "The <command>init</command> program is controlled by the <filename>/etc/" "inittab</filename> file and is organized into run levels that can be run by " "the user:" msgstr "" "<command>init</command> 程序受到 <filename>/etc/inittab</filename> 文件的控" "制，被组织为用户可以选择的系统运行级别：" #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><literallayout> #, no-wrap msgid "" "0 — halt\n" "1 — Single user mode\n" "2 — Multiuser, without networking\n" "3 — Full multiuser mode\n" "4 — User definable\n" "5 — Full multiuser mode with display manager\n" "6 — reboot" msgstr "" "0 — 停止运行\n" "1 — 单用户模式\n" "2 — 多用户模式，没有网络\n" "3 — 完整的多用户模式\n" "4 — 用户自定义模式\n" "5 — 拥有显示管理器的完整多用户模式\n" "6 — 重启系统" #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><para> msgid "The usual default run level is 3 or 5." msgstr "通常的默认运行级别是 3 或 5。" #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><bridgehead> msgid "Advantages" msgstr "优点" #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><itemizedlist><listitem><para> msgid "Established, well understood system." msgstr "完备的，已经被详细理解的系统。" #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><itemizedlist><listitem><para> msgid "Easy to customize." msgstr "容易定制。" #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><bridgehead> msgid "Disadvantages" msgstr "缺点" #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><itemizedlist><listitem><para> msgid "" "May be slower to boot. A medium speed base LFS system takes 8-12 seconds " "where the boot time is measured from the first kernel message to the login " "prompt. Network connectivity is typically established about 2 seconds after " "the login prompt." msgstr "" "引导速度较慢。一个中等速度的基本 LFS 系统从第一个内核消息开始，到出现登录提示" "符为止，需要 8-12 秒的引导时间，之后还需要约 2 秒启动网络连接。" #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><itemizedlist><listitem><para> msgid "" "Serial processing of boot tasks. This is related to the previous point. A " "delay in any process such as a file system check, will delay the entire boot " "process." msgstr "" "串行执行引导任务，这与前一项缺点相关。引导过程中的延迟 (如文件系统检查) 会拖" "延整个引导过程。" #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><itemizedlist><listitem><para> msgid "" "Does not directly support advanced features like control groups (cgroups), " "and per-user fair share scheduling." msgstr "不支持控制组 (cgroups)、每用户公平共享调度等高级特性。" #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><itemizedlist><listitem><para> msgid "Adding scripts requires manual, static sequencing decisions." msgstr "添加脚本时，需要手动决定它在引导过程中的次序。"