msgid "Creating the /etc/fstab File" msgstr "创建 /etc/fstab 文件" #. type: Content of: <sect1><indexterm><primary> msgid "/etc/fstab" msgstr "/etc/fstab" #. type: Content of: <sect1><para> msgid "" "The <filename>/etc/fstab</filename> file is used by some programs to " "determine where file systems are to be mounted by default, in which order, " "and which must be checked (for integrity errors) prior to mounting. Create a " "new file systems table like this:" msgstr "" "一些程序使用 <filename>/etc/fstab</filename> 文件，以确定哪些文件系统是默认挂" "载的，和它们应该按什么顺序挂载，以及哪些文件系统在挂载前必须被检查 (确定是否" "有完整性错误)。参考以下命令，创建一个新的文件系统表：" #. type: Content of: <sect1><screen> #, no-wrap msgid "" "<userinput>cat > /etc/fstab << \"EOF\"\n" "<literal># Begin /etc/fstab\n" "\n" "# file system mount-point type options dump fsck\n" "# order\n" "\n" "/dev/<replaceable><xxx></replaceable> / <replaceable><fff></replaceable> defaults 1 1\n" "/dev/<replaceable><yyy></replaceable> swap swap pri=1 0 0\n" "proc /proc proc nosuid,noexec,nodev 0 0\n" "sysfs /sys sysfs nosuid,noexec,nodev 0 0\n" "devpts /dev/pts devpts gid=5,mode=620 0 0\n" "tmpfs /run tmpfs defaults 0 0\n" "devtmpfs /dev devtmpfs mode=0755,nosuid 0 0\n" "\n" "# End /etc/fstab</literal>\n" "EOF</userinput>" msgstr "" "<userinput>cat > /etc/fstab << \"EOF\"\n" "<literal># Begin /etc/fstab\n" "\n" "# 文件系统挂载点类型选项转储检查\n" "# 顺序\n" "\n" "/dev/<replaceable><xxx></replaceable> / <replaceable><fff></replaceable> defaults 1 1\n" "/dev/<replaceable><yyy></replaceable> swap swap pri=1 0 0\n" "proc /proc proc nosuid,noexec,nodev 0 0\n" "sysfs /sys sysfs nosuid,noexec,nodev 0 0\n" "devpts /dev/pts devpts gid=5,mode=620 0 0\n" "tmpfs /run tmpfs defaults 0 0\n" "devtmpfs /dev devtmpfs mode=0755,nosuid 0 0\n" "\n" "# End /etc/fstab</literal>\n" "EOF</userinput>" #. type: Content of: <sect1><screen> #, no-wrap msgid "" "<userinput>cat > /etc/fstab << \"EOF\"\n" "<literal># Begin /etc/fstab\n" "\n" "# file system mount-point type options dump fsck\n" "# order\n" "\n" "/dev/<replaceable><xxx></replaceable> / <replaceable><fff></replaceable> defaults 1 1\n" "/dev/<replaceable><yyy></replaceable> swap swap pri=1 0 0\n" "\n" "# End /etc/fstab</literal>\n" "EOF</userinput>" msgstr "" "<userinput>cat > /etc/fstab << \"EOF\"\n" "<literal># Begin /etc/fstab\n" "\n" "# 文件系统挂载点类型选项转储检查\n" "# 顺序\n" "\n" "/dev/<replaceable><xxx></replaceable> / <replaceable><fff></replaceable> defaults 1 1\n" "/dev/<replaceable><yyy></replaceable> swap swap pri=1 0 0\n" "\n" "# End /etc/fstab</literal>\n" "EOF</userinput>" #. type: Content of: <sect1><para> msgid "" "Replace <replaceable><xxx></replaceable>, <replaceable><yyy></" "replaceable>, and <replaceable><fff></replaceable> with the values " "appropriate for the system, for example, <filename class=\"partition\">sda2</" "filename>, <filename class=\"partition\">sda5</filename>, and <systemitem " "class=\"filesystem\">ext4</systemitem>. For details on the six fields in " "this file, see <command>man 5 fstab</command>." msgstr "" "将 <replaceable><xxx></replaceable>、<replaceable><yyy></" "replaceable> 和 <replaceable><fff></replaceable> 替换为适用于您的系统的" "值，例如 <filename class=\"partition\">sda2</filename>、<filename class=" "\"partition\">sda5</filename> 和 <systemitem class=\"filesystem\">ext4</" "systemitem>。参阅 <command>man 5 fstab</command> 了解该文件中 6 个域的详细信" "息。" #. type: Content of: <sect1><para> msgid "" "Filesystems with MS-DOS or Windows origin (i.e. vfat, ntfs, smbfs, cifs, " "iso9660, udf) need a special option, utf8, in order for non-ASCII characters " "in file names to be interpreted properly. For non-UTF-8 locales, the value " "of <option>iocharset</option> should be set to be the same as the character " "set of the locale, adjusted in such a way that the kernel understands it. " "This works if the relevant character set definition (found under File " "systems -> Native Language Support when configuring the kernel) has been " "compiled into the kernel or built as a module. However, if the character set " "of the locale is UTF-8, the corresponding option <option>iocharset=utf8</" "option> would make the file system case sensitive. To fix this, use the " "special option <option>utf8</option> instead of <option>iocharset=utf8</" "option>, for UTF-8 locales. The <quote>codepage</quote> option is also " "needed for vfat and smbfs filesystems. It should be set to the codepage " "number used under MS-DOS in your country. For example, in order to mount " "USB flash drives, a ru_RU.KOI8-R user would need the following in the " "options portion of its mount line in <filename>/etc/fstab</filename>:" msgstr "" "在挂载来源于 MS-DOS 或 Windows 的文件系统 (如 vfat、ntfs、smbfs、cifs、" "iso9660、udf) 时，需要一个特殊的挂载选项 —— utf8，才能正常解析文件名中的非 " "ASCII 字符。对于非 UTF-8 locale，选项 <option>iocharset</option> 的值应该和您" "的 locale 字符集设定一致，但改写成内核可以识别的写法。该选项能够正常工作的前" "提是，将相关的字符集定义 (在内核配置选项的 File Systems -> Native " "Language Support 子菜单中) 编译到内核中，或构建为内核模块。然而，如果使用了 " "UTF-8 locale，对应的 <option>iocharset=utf8</option> 会导致文件系统变得大小写" "敏感。为了避免这个问题，在使用 UTF-8 locale 时，需要用特殊选项 <option>utf8</" "option> 代替 <option>iocharset=utf8</option>。另外，vfat 和 smbfs 文件系统还" "需要<quote>codepage</quote>选项，它应该被设定为您的语言在 MS-DOS 下的代码页编" "号。例如，为了挂载一个 USB 闪存盘，一个 ru_RU.KOI8-R 用户应该在 <filename>/" "etc/fstab</filename> 中对应于闪存盘的行添加下列挂载选项：" #. type: Content of: <sect1><screen> #, no-wrap msgid "<literal>noauto,user,quiet,showexec,codepage=866,iocharset=koi8r</literal>" msgstr "<literal>noauto,user,quiet,showexec,codepage=866,iocharset=koi8r</literal>" #. type: Content of: <sect1><para> msgid "The corresponding options fragment for ru_RU.UTF-8 users is:" msgstr "相应的，ru_RU.UTF-8 用户应该使用下列选项：" #. type: Content of: <sect1><screen> #, no-wrap msgid "<literal>noauto,user,quiet,showexec,codepage=866,utf8</literal>" msgstr "<literal>noauto,user,quiet,showexec,codepage=866,utf8</literal>" #. type: Content of: <sect1><para> msgid "" "Note that using <option>iocharset</option> is the default for " "<literal>iso8859-1</literal> (which keeps the file system case insensitive), " "and the <option>utf8</option> option tells the kernel to convert the file " "names using UTF-8 so they can be interpreted in the UTF-8 locale." msgstr "" "注意此时使用的 <option>iocharset</option> 默认为 <literal>iso8859-1</" "literal> (这保证文件系统是大小写不敏感的)，而 <option>utf8</option> 选项告诉" "内核使用 UTF-8 编码转换文件名，这样它们就能在 UTF-8 locale 中被正确解析。" #. type: Content of: <sect1><para> msgid "" "It is also possible to specify default codepage and iocharset values for " "some filesystems during kernel configuration. The relevant parameters are " "named <quote>Default NLS Option</quote> (<option>CONFIG_NLS_DEFAULT)</" "option>, <quote>Default Remote NLS Option</quote> " "(<option>CONFIG_SMB_NLS_DEFAULT</option>), <quote>Default codepage for FAT</" "quote> (<option>CONFIG_FAT_DEFAULT_CODEPAGE</option>), and <quote>Default " "iocharset for FAT</quote> (<option>CONFIG_FAT_DEFAULT_IOCHARSET</option>). " "There is no way to specify these settings for the ntfs filesystem at kernel " "compilation time." msgstr "" "也可以在内核配置中，为一些文件系统指定默认 codepage 和 iocharset 选项值。相关" "的配置参数名为<quote>Default NLS Option</quote> (<option>CONFIG_NLS_DEFAULT</" "option>)，<quote>Default Remote NLS Option</quote> " "(<option>CONFIG_SMB_NLS_DEFAULT</option>)，<quote>Default codepage for FAT</" "quote> (<option>CONFIG_FAT_DEFAULT_CODEPAGE</option>)，以及 <quote>Default " "iocharset for FAT</quote> (<option>CONFIG_FAT_DEFAULT_IOCHARSET</option>)。无" "法在编译内核时为 ntfs 文件系统指定这些默认值。" #. type: Content of: <sect1><para> msgid "" "It is possible to make the ext3 filesystem reliable across power failures " "for some hard disk types. To do this, add the <option>barrier=1</option> " "mount option to the appropriate entry in <filename>/etc/fstab</filename>. " "To check if the disk drive supports this option, run <ulink url=\"&blfs-book;" "general/hdparm.html\">hdparm</ulink> on the applicable disk drive. For " "example, if:" msgstr "" "在某些硬盘上，通过将 <option>barrier=1</option> 挂载选项加入 <filename>/etc/" "fstab</filename>，可以使得 ext3 文件系统在发生电源故障时更可靠。为了检查磁盘" "驱动器是否支持该选项，在可用的磁盘驱动器上运行 <ulink url=\"&blfs-book;" "general/hdparm.html\">hdparm</ulink>。例如：" #. type: Content of: <sect1><screen> #, no-wrap msgid "<userinput>hdparm -I /dev/sda | grep NCQ</userinput>" msgstr "<userinput>hdparm -I /dev/sda | grep NCQ</userinput>" #. type: Content of: <sect1><para> msgid "returns non-empty output, the option is supported." msgstr "如果输出内容不为空，说明该选项可用。" #. type: Content of: <sect1><para> msgid "" "Note: Logical Volume Management (LVM) based partitions cannot use the " "<option>barrier</option> option." msgstr "" "注意：基于逻辑卷管理 (LVM) 的分区不能使用 <option>barrier</option> 选项。"

msgid "" msgstr "" "X-Pootle-Revision: 9999999\n" "X-Pootle-Path: /zh_CN/lfs/chapter10/fstab.po\n" "Project-Id-Version: PACKAGE VERSION\n" "POT-Creation-Date: 2020-08-08 19:28+0800\n" "PO-Revision-Date: YEAR-MO-DA HO:MI+ZONE\n" "Last-Translator: FULL NAME \n" "Language-Team: LANGUAGE \n" "Language: zh_CN\n" "MIME-Version: 1.0\n" "Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n" "Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n" "X-Generator: Translate Toolkit 2.2.5\n" #. type: Content of: msgid "Creating the /etc/fstab File" msgstr "创建 /etc/fstab 文件" #. type: Content of: <sect1><indexterm><primary> msgid "/etc/fstab" msgstr "/etc/fstab" #. type: Content of: <sect1><para> msgid "" "The <filename>/etc/fstab</filename> file is used by some programs to " "determine where file systems are to be mounted by default, in which order, " "and which must be checked (for integrity errors) prior to mounting. Create a " "new file systems table like this:" msgstr "" "一些程序使用 <filename>/etc/fstab</filename> 文件，以确定哪些文件系统是默认挂" "载的，和它们应该按什么顺序挂载，以及哪些文件系统在挂载前必须被检查 (确定是否" "有完整性错误)。参考以下命令，创建一个新的文件系统表：" #. type: Content of: <sect1><screen> #, no-wrap msgid "" "<userinput>cat > /etc/fstab << \"EOF\"\n" "<literal># Begin /etc/fstab\n" "\n" "# file system mount-point type options dump fsck\n" "# order\n" "\n" "/dev/<replaceable><xxx></replaceable> / <replaceable><fff></replaceable> defaults 1 1\n" "/dev/<replaceable><yyy></replaceable> swap swap pri=1 0 0\n" "proc /proc proc nosuid,noexec,nodev 0 0\n" "sysfs /sys sysfs nosuid,noexec,nodev 0 0\n" "devpts /dev/pts devpts gid=5,mode=620 0 0\n" "tmpfs /run tmpfs defaults 0 0\n" "devtmpfs /dev devtmpfs mode=0755,nosuid 0 0\n" "\n" "# End /etc/fstab</literal>\n" "EOF</userinput>" msgstr "" "<userinput>cat > /etc/fstab << \"EOF\"\n" "<literal># Begin /etc/fstab\n" "\n" "# 文件系统挂载点类型选项转储检查\n" "# 顺序\n" "\n" "/dev/<replaceable><xxx></replaceable> / <replaceable><fff></replaceable> defaults 1 1\n" "/dev/<replaceable><yyy></replaceable> swap swap pri=1 0 0\n" "proc /proc proc nosuid,noexec,nodev 0 0\n" "sysfs /sys sysfs nosuid,noexec,nodev 0 0\n" "devpts /dev/pts devpts gid=5,mode=620 0 0\n" "tmpfs /run tmpfs defaults 0 0\n" "devtmpfs /dev devtmpfs mode=0755,nosuid 0 0\n" "\n" "# End /etc/fstab</literal>\n" "EOF</userinput>" #. type: Content of: <sect1><screen> #, no-wrap msgid "" "<userinput>cat > /etc/fstab << \"EOF\"\n" "<literal># Begin /etc/fstab\n" "\n" "# file system mount-point type options dump fsck\n" "# order\n" "\n" "/dev/<replaceable><xxx></replaceable> / <replaceable><fff></replaceable> defaults 1 1\n" "/dev/<replaceable><yyy></replaceable> swap swap pri=1 0 0\n" "\n" "# End /etc/fstab</literal>\n" "EOF</userinput>" msgstr "" "<userinput>cat > /etc/fstab << \"EOF\"\n" "<literal># Begin /etc/fstab\n" "\n" "# 文件系统挂载点类型选项转储检查\n" "# 顺序\n" "\n" "/dev/<replaceable><xxx></replaceable> / <replaceable><fff></replaceable> defaults 1 1\n" "/dev/<replaceable><yyy></replaceable> swap swap pri=1 0 0\n" "\n" "# End /etc/fstab</literal>\n" "EOF</userinput>" #. type: Content of: <sect1><para> msgid "" "Replace <replaceable><xxx></replaceable>, <replaceable><yyy></" "replaceable>, and <replaceable><fff></replaceable> with the values " "appropriate for the system, for example, <filename class=\"partition\">sda2</" "filename>, <filename class=\"partition\">sda5</filename>, and <systemitem " "class=\"filesystem\">ext4</systemitem>. For details on the six fields in " "this file, see <command>man 5 fstab</command>." msgstr "" "将 <replaceable><xxx></replaceable>、<replaceable><yyy></" "replaceable> 和 <replaceable><fff></replaceable> 替换为适用于您的系统的" "值，例如 <filename class=\"partition\">sda2</filename>、<filename class=" "\"partition\">sda5</filename> 和 <systemitem class=\"filesystem\">ext4</" "systemitem>。参阅 <command>man 5 fstab</command> 了解该文件中 6 个域的详细信" "息。" #. type: Content of: <sect1><para> msgid "" "Filesystems with MS-DOS or Windows origin (i.e. vfat, ntfs, smbfs, cifs, " "iso9660, udf) need a special option, utf8, in order for non-ASCII characters " "in file names to be interpreted properly. For non-UTF-8 locales, the value " "of <option>iocharset</option> should be set to be the same as the character " "set of the locale, adjusted in such a way that the kernel understands it. " "This works if the relevant character set definition (found under File " "systems -> Native Language Support when configuring the kernel) has been " "compiled into the kernel or built as a module. However, if the character set " "of the locale is UTF-8, the corresponding option <option>iocharset=utf8</" "option> would make the file system case sensitive. To fix this, use the " "special option <option>utf8</option> instead of <option>iocharset=utf8</" "option>, for UTF-8 locales. The <quote>codepage</quote> option is also " "needed for vfat and smbfs filesystems. It should be set to the codepage " "number used under MS-DOS in your country. For example, in order to mount " "USB flash drives, a ru_RU.KOI8-R user would need the following in the " "options portion of its mount line in <filename>/etc/fstab</filename>:" msgstr "" "在挂载来源于 MS-DOS 或 Windows 的文件系统 (如 vfat、ntfs、smbfs、cifs、" "iso9660、udf) 时，需要一个特殊的挂载选项 —— utf8，才能正常解析文件名中的非 " "ASCII 字符。对于非 UTF-8 locale，选项 <option>iocharset</option> 的值应该和您" "的 locale 字符集设定一致，但改写成内核可以识别的写法。该选项能够正常工作的前" "提是，将相关的字符集定义 (在内核配置选项的 File Systems -> Native " "Language Support 子菜单中) 编译到内核中，或构建为内核模块。然而，如果使用了 " "UTF-8 locale，对应的 <option>iocharset=utf8</option> 会导致文件系统变得大小写" "敏感。为了避免这个问题，在使用 UTF-8 locale 时，需要用特殊选项 <option>utf8</" "option> 代替 <option>iocharset=utf8</option>。另外，vfat 和 smbfs 文件系统还" "需要<quote>codepage</quote>选项，它应该被设定为您的语言在 MS-DOS 下的代码页编" "号。例如，为了挂载一个 USB 闪存盘，一个 ru_RU.KOI8-R 用户应该在 <filename>/" "etc/fstab</filename> 中对应于闪存盘的行添加下列挂载选项：" #. type: Content of: <sect1><screen> #, no-wrap msgid "<literal>noauto,user,quiet,showexec,codepage=866,iocharset=koi8r</literal>" msgstr "<literal>noauto,user,quiet,showexec,codepage=866,iocharset=koi8r</literal>" #. type: Content of: <sect1><para> msgid "The corresponding options fragment for ru_RU.UTF-8 users is:" msgstr "相应的，ru_RU.UTF-8 用户应该使用下列选项：" #. type: Content of: <sect1><screen> #, no-wrap msgid "<literal>noauto,user,quiet,showexec,codepage=866,utf8</literal>" msgstr "<literal>noauto,user,quiet,showexec,codepage=866,utf8</literal>" #. type: Content of: <sect1><para> msgid "" "Note that using <option>iocharset</option> is the default for " "<literal>iso8859-1</literal> (which keeps the file system case insensitive), " "and the <option>utf8</option> option tells the kernel to convert the file " "names using UTF-8 so they can be interpreted in the UTF-8 locale." msgstr "" "注意此时使用的 <option>iocharset</option> 默认为 <literal>iso8859-1</" "literal> (这保证文件系统是大小写不敏感的)，而 <option>utf8</option> 选项告诉" "内核使用 UTF-8 编码转换文件名，这样它们就能在 UTF-8 locale 中被正确解析。" #. type: Content of: <sect1><para> msgid "" "It is also possible to specify default codepage and iocharset values for " "some filesystems during kernel configuration. The relevant parameters are " "named <quote>Default NLS Option</quote> (<option>CONFIG_NLS_DEFAULT)</" "option>, <quote>Default Remote NLS Option</quote> " "(<option>CONFIG_SMB_NLS_DEFAULT</option>), <quote>Default codepage for FAT</" "quote> (<option>CONFIG_FAT_DEFAULT_CODEPAGE</option>), and <quote>Default " "iocharset for FAT</quote> (<option>CONFIG_FAT_DEFAULT_IOCHARSET</option>). " "There is no way to specify these settings for the ntfs filesystem at kernel " "compilation time." msgstr "" "也可以在内核配置中，为一些文件系统指定默认 codepage 和 iocharset 选项值。相关" "的配置参数名为<quote>Default NLS Option</quote> (<option>CONFIG_NLS_DEFAULT</" "option>)，<quote>Default Remote NLS Option</quote> " "(<option>CONFIG_SMB_NLS_DEFAULT</option>)，<quote>Default codepage for FAT</" "quote> (<option>CONFIG_FAT_DEFAULT_CODEPAGE</option>)，以及 <quote>Default " "iocharset for FAT</quote> (<option>CONFIG_FAT_DEFAULT_IOCHARSET</option>)。无" "法在编译内核时为 ntfs 文件系统指定这些默认值。" #. type: Content of: <sect1><para> msgid "" "It is possible to make the ext3 filesystem reliable across power failures " "for some hard disk types. To do this, add the <option>barrier=1</option> " "mount option to the appropriate entry in <filename>/etc/fstab</filename>. " "To check if the disk drive supports this option, run <ulink url=\"&blfs-book;" "general/hdparm.html\">hdparm</ulink> on the applicable disk drive. For " "example, if:" msgstr "" "在某些硬盘上，通过将 <option>barrier=1</option> 挂载选项加入 <filename>/etc/" "fstab</filename>，可以使得 ext3 文件系统在发生电源故障时更可靠。为了检查磁盘" "驱动器是否支持该选项，在可用的磁盘驱动器上运行 <ulink url=\"&blfs-book;" "general/hdparm.html\">hdparm</ulink>。例如：" #. type: Content of: <sect1><screen> #, no-wrap msgid "<userinput>hdparm -I /dev/sda | grep NCQ</userinput>" msgstr "<userinput>hdparm -I /dev/sda | grep NCQ</userinput>" #. type: Content of: <sect1><para> msgid "returns non-empty output, the option is supported." msgstr "如果输出内容不为空，说明该选项可用。" #. type: Content of: <sect1><para> msgid "" "Note: Logical Volume Management (LVM) based partitions cannot use the " "<option>barrier</option> option." msgstr "" "注意：基于逻辑卷管理 (LVM) 的分区不能使用 <option>barrier</option> 选项。"