#: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter07/kernfs.xml:11 msgid "Preparing Virtual Kernel File Systems" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <sect1><indexterm><primary> #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter07/kernfs.xml:14 msgid "/dev/*" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <sect1><para> #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter07/kernfs.xml:17 msgid "" "Various file systems exported by the kernel are used to communicate to and " "from the kernel itself. These file systems are virtual in that no disk space " "is used for them. The content of the file systems resides in memory." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <sect1><para> #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter07/kernfs.xml:22 msgid "Begin by creating directories onto which the file systems will be mounted:" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <sect1><screen> #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter07/kernfs.xml:25 #, no-wrap msgid "<userinput>mkdir -pv $LFS/{dev,proc,sys,run}</userinput>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><title> #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter07/kernfs.xml:28 msgid "Creating Initial Device Nodes" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><para> #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter07/kernfs.xml:30 msgid "" "When the kernel boots the system, it requires the presence of a few device " "nodes, in particular the <filename class=\"devicefile\">console</filename> " "and <filename class=\"devicefile\">null</filename> devices. The device nodes " "must be created on the hard disk so that they are available before the " "kernel populates <systemitem class=\"filesystem\">/dev</systemitem>), and " "additionally when Linux is started with " "<parameter>init=/bin/bash</parameter>. Create the devices by running the " "following commands:" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><screen> #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter07/kernfs.xml:40 #, no-wrap msgid "" "<userinput>mknod -m 600 $LFS/dev/console c 5 1\n" "mknod -m 666 $LFS/dev/null c 1 3</userinput>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><title> #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter07/kernfs.xml:46 msgid "Mounting and Populating /dev" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><para> #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter07/kernfs.xml:48 msgid "" "The recommended method of populating the <filename " "class=\"directory\">/dev</filename> directory with devices is to mount a " "virtual filesystem (such as <systemitem " "class=\"filesystem\">tmpfs</systemitem>) on the <filename " "class=\"directory\">/dev</filename> directory, and allow the devices to be " "created dynamically on that virtual filesystem as they are detected or " "accessed. Device creation is generally done during the boot process by " "Udev. Since this new system does not yet have Udev and has not yet been " "booted, it is necessary to mount and populate <filename " "class=\"directory\">/dev</filename> manually. This is accomplished by bind " "mounting the host system's <filename class=\"directory\">/dev</filename> " "directory. A bind mount is a special type of mount that allows you to create " "a mirror of a directory or mount point to some other location. Use the " "following command to achieve this:" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><screen> #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter07/kernfs.xml:63 #, no-wrap msgid "<userinput>mount -v --bind /dev $LFS/dev</userinput>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><title> #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter07/kernfs.xml:68 msgid "Mounting Virtual Kernel File Systems" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><para> #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter07/kernfs.xml:70 msgid "Now mount the remaining virtual kernel filesystems:" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><screen> #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter07/kernfs.xml:72 #, no-wrap msgid "" "<userinput>mount -v --bind /dev/pts $LFS/dev/pts\n" "mount -vt proc proc $LFS/proc\n" "mount -vt sysfs sysfs $LFS/sys\n" "mount -vt tmpfs tmpfs $LFS/run</userinput>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><para> #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter07/kernfs.xml:105 msgid "" "In some host systems, <filename>/dev/shm</filename> is a symbolic link to " "<filename class=\"directory\">/run/shm</filename>. The /run tmpfs was " "mounted above so in this case only a directory needs to be created." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><screen> #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter07/kernfs.xml:110 #, no-wrap msgid "" "<userinput>if [ -h $LFS/dev/shm ]; then\n" " mkdir -pv $LFS/$(readlink $LFS/dev/shm)\n" "fi</userinput>" msgstr ""

# SOME DESCRIPTIVE TITLE # Copyright (C) YEAR Free Software Foundation, Inc. # This file is distributed under the same license as the PACKAGE package. # FIRST AUTHOR , YEAR. # #, fuzzy msgid "" msgstr "" "Project-Id-Version: PACKAGE VERSION\n" "POT-Creation-Date: 2020-06-17 12:44+0800\n" "PO-Revision-Date: YEAR-MO-DA HO:MI+ZONE\n" "Last-Translator: FULL NAME \n" "Language-Team: LANGUAGE \n" "Language: \n" "MIME-Version: 1.0\n" "Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n" "Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n" #. type: Content of: #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter07/kernfs.xml:11 msgid "Preparing Virtual Kernel File Systems" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <sect1><indexterm><primary> #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter07/kernfs.xml:14 msgid "/dev/*" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <sect1><para> #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter07/kernfs.xml:17 msgid "" "Various file systems exported by the kernel are used to communicate to and " "from the kernel itself. These file systems are virtual in that no disk space " "is used for them. The content of the file systems resides in memory." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <sect1><para> #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter07/kernfs.xml:22 msgid "Begin by creating directories onto which the file systems will be mounted:" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <sect1><screen> #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter07/kernfs.xml:25 #, no-wrap msgid "<userinput>mkdir -pv $LFS/{dev,proc,sys,run}</userinput>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><title> #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter07/kernfs.xml:28 msgid "Creating Initial Device Nodes" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><para> #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter07/kernfs.xml:30 msgid "" "When the kernel boots the system, it requires the presence of a few device " "nodes, in particular the <filename class=\"devicefile\">console</filename> " "and <filename class=\"devicefile\">null</filename> devices. The device nodes " "must be created on the hard disk so that they are available before the " "kernel populates <systemitem class=\"filesystem\">/dev</systemitem>), and " "additionally when Linux is started with " "<parameter>init=/bin/bash</parameter>. Create the devices by running the " "following commands:" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><screen> #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter07/kernfs.xml:40 #, no-wrap msgid "" "<userinput>mknod -m 600 $LFS/dev/console c 5 1\n" "mknod -m 666 $LFS/dev/null c 1 3</userinput>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><title> #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter07/kernfs.xml:46 msgid "Mounting and Populating /dev" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><para> #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter07/kernfs.xml:48 msgid "" "The recommended method of populating the <filename " "class=\"directory\">/dev</filename> directory with devices is to mount a " "virtual filesystem (such as <systemitem " "class=\"filesystem\">tmpfs</systemitem>) on the <filename " "class=\"directory\">/dev</filename> directory, and allow the devices to be " "created dynamically on that virtual filesystem as they are detected or " "accessed. Device creation is generally done during the boot process by " "Udev. Since this new system does not yet have Udev and has not yet been " "booted, it is necessary to mount and populate <filename " "class=\"directory\">/dev</filename> manually. This is accomplished by bind " "mounting the host system's <filename class=\"directory\">/dev</filename> " "directory. A bind mount is a special type of mount that allows you to create " "a mirror of a directory or mount point to some other location. Use the " "following command to achieve this:" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><screen> #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter07/kernfs.xml:63 #, no-wrap msgid "<userinput>mount -v --bind /dev $LFS/dev</userinput>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><title> #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter07/kernfs.xml:68 msgid "Mounting Virtual Kernel File Systems" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><para> #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter07/kernfs.xml:70 msgid "Now mount the remaining virtual kernel filesystems:" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><screen> #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter07/kernfs.xml:72 #, no-wrap msgid "" "<userinput>mount -v --bind /dev/pts $LFS/dev/pts\n" "mount -vt proc proc $LFS/proc\n" "mount -vt sysfs sysfs $LFS/sys\n" "mount -vt tmpfs tmpfs $LFS/run</userinput>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><para> #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter07/kernfs.xml:105 msgid "" "In some host systems, <filename>/dev/shm</filename> is a symbolic link to " "<filename class=\"directory\">/run/shm</filename>. The /run tmpfs was " "mounted above so in this case only a directory needs to be created." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><screen> #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter07/kernfs.xml:110 #, no-wrap msgid "" "<userinput>if [ -h $LFS/dev/shm ]; then\n" " mkdir -pv $LFS/$(readlink $LFS/dev/shm)\n" "fi</userinput>" msgstr ""