#: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter07/creatingdirs.xml:11 msgid "Creating Directories" msgstr "创建目录" #. type: Content of: <sect1><para> #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter07/creatingdirs.xml:13 msgid "" "It is time to create the full structure in the LFS file system. Create a " "standard directory tree by issuing the following commands:" msgstr "" "现在可以在 LFS 文件系统中创建完整的目录结构。执行以下命令，创建一棵标准目录" "树：" #. type: Content of: <sect1><screen> #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter07/creatingdirs.xml:16 #, no-wrap msgid "" "<userinput>mkdir -pv /{bin,boot,etc/{opt,sysconfig},home,lib/firmware,mnt,opt}\n" "mkdir -pv /{media/{floppy,cdrom},srv,var}\n" "mkdir -pv /usr/{,local/}{bin,include,lib,sbin,src}\n" "mkdir -pv /usr/{,local/}share/{color,dict,doc,info,locale,man}\n" "mkdir -pv /usr/{,local/}share/{misc,terminfo,zoneinfo}\n" "mkdir -pv /usr/{,local/}share/man/man{1..8}\n" "install -dv -m 1777 /tmp /var/tmp\n" "install -dv -m 0750 /root\n" "\n" "mkdir -v /var/{log,mail,spool}\n" "ln -sv /run /var/run\n" "ln -sv /run/lock /var/lock\n" "mkdir -pv /var/{opt,cache,lib/{color,misc,locate},local}</userinput>" msgstr "" "<userinput>mkdir -pv /{bin,boot,etc/{opt,sysconfig},home,lib/firmware,mnt,opt}\n" "mkdir -pv /{media/{floppy,cdrom},srv,var}\n" "mkdir -pv /usr/{,local/}{bin,include,lib,sbin,src}\n" "mkdir -pv /usr/{,local/}share/{color,dict,doc,info,locale,man}\n" "mkdir -pv /usr/{,local/}share/{misc,terminfo,zoneinfo}\n" "mkdir -pv /usr/{,local/}share/man/man{1..8}\n" "install -dv -m 1777 /tmp /var/tmp\n" "install -dv -m 0750 /root\n" "\n" "mkdir -v /var/{log,mail,spool}\n" "ln -sv /run /var/run\n" "ln -sv /run/lock /var/lock\n" "mkdir -pv /var/{opt,cache,lib/{color,misc,locate},local}</userinput>" #. type: Content of: <sect1><para> #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter07/creatingdirs.xml:30 msgid "" "Directories are, by default, created with permission mode 755, but this is " "not desirable for all directories. In the commands above, two changes are " "made—one to the home directory of user <systemitem class=\"username" "\">root</systemitem>, and another to the directories for temporary files." msgstr "" "默认情况下，新创建的目录具有权限码 755，但这并不适合所有目录。在以上命令" "中，两个目录的访问权限被修改 —— 一个是 <systemitem class=\"username\">root</" "systemitem> 的主目录，另一个是包含临时文件的目录。" #. type: Content of: <sect1><para> #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter07/creatingdirs.xml:36 msgid "" "The first mode change ensures that not just anybody can enter the <filename " "class=\"directory\">/root</filename> directory—the same as a normal " "user would do with his or her home directory. The second mode change makes " "sure that any user can write to the <filename class=\"directory\">/tmp</" "filename> and <filename class=\"directory\">/var/tmp</filename> directories, " "but cannot remove another user's files from them. The latter is prohibited " "by the so-called <quote>sticky bit,</quote> the highest bit (1) in the 1777 " "bit mask." msgstr "" "第一个修改能保证不是所有人都能进入 <filename class=\"directory\">/root</" "filename> —— 一般用户也可以为他/她的主目录设置同样的 0750 权限码。第二个修改" "保证任何用户都可写入 <filename class=\"directory\">/tmp</filename> 和 " "<filename class=\"directory\">/var/tmp</filename> 目录，但不能从中删除其他用" "户的文件，因为所谓的 <quote>粘滞位</quote> (sticky bit)，即八进制权限码 1777 " "的最高位 (1) 阻止这样做。" #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><title> #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter07/creatingdirs.xml:46 msgid "FHS Compliance Note" msgstr "FHS 兼容性注记" #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><para> #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter07/creatingdirs.xml:48 msgid "" "The directory tree is based on the Filesystem Hierarchy Standard (FHS) " "(available at <ulink url=\"https://refspecs.linuxfoundation.org/fhs.shtml\"/" ">). The FHS also specifies the optional existence of some directories such " "as <filename class=\"directory\">/usr/local/games</filename> and <filename " "class=\"directory\">/usr/share/games</filename>. We create only the " "directories that are needed. However, feel free to create these directories." msgstr "" "这个目录树是基于 Filesystem Hierarchy Standard (FHS) (可以在 <ulink url=" "\"https://refspecs.linuxfoundation.org/fhs.shtml\"/> 查阅) 建立的。FHS 标准" "还规定了某些可选的目录，例如 <filename class=\"directory\">/usr/local/" "games</filename> 和 <filename class=\"directory\">/usr/share/games</" "filename>。我们只创建了必要的目录。不过，如果您需要的话可以自己创建这些可" "选目录。"

msgid "" msgstr "" "Project-Id-Version: PACKAGE VERSION\n" "POT-Creation-Date: 2020-06-17 12:44+0800\n" "PO-Revision-Date: YEAR-MO-DA HO:MI+ZONE\n" "Last-Translator: FULL NAME \n" "Language-Team: LANGUAGE \n" "Language: zh_CN\n" "MIME-Version: 1.0\n" "Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n" "Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n" "X-Generator: Translate Toolkit 2.2.5\n" #. type: Content of: #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter07/creatingdirs.xml:11 msgid "Creating Directories" msgstr "创建目录" #. type: Content of: <sect1><para> #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter07/creatingdirs.xml:13 msgid "" "It is time to create the full structure in the LFS file system. Create a " "standard directory tree by issuing the following commands:" msgstr "" "现在可以在 LFS 文件系统中创建完整的目录结构。执行以下命令，创建一棵标准目录" "树：" #. type: Content of: <sect1><screen> #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter07/creatingdirs.xml:16 #, no-wrap msgid "" "<userinput>mkdir -pv /{bin,boot,etc/{opt,sysconfig},home,lib/firmware,mnt,opt}\n" "mkdir -pv /{media/{floppy,cdrom},srv,var}\n" "mkdir -pv /usr/{,local/}{bin,include,lib,sbin,src}\n" "mkdir -pv /usr/{,local/}share/{color,dict,doc,info,locale,man}\n" "mkdir -pv /usr/{,local/}share/{misc,terminfo,zoneinfo}\n" "mkdir -pv /usr/{,local/}share/man/man{1..8}\n" "install -dv -m 1777 /tmp /var/tmp\n" "install -dv -m 0750 /root\n" "\n" "mkdir -v /var/{log,mail,spool}\n" "ln -sv /run /var/run\n" "ln -sv /run/lock /var/lock\n" "mkdir -pv /var/{opt,cache,lib/{color,misc,locate},local}</userinput>" msgstr "" "<userinput>mkdir -pv /{bin,boot,etc/{opt,sysconfig},home,lib/firmware,mnt,opt}\n" "mkdir -pv /{media/{floppy,cdrom},srv,var}\n" "mkdir -pv /usr/{,local/}{bin,include,lib,sbin,src}\n" "mkdir -pv /usr/{,local/}share/{color,dict,doc,info,locale,man}\n" "mkdir -pv /usr/{,local/}share/{misc,terminfo,zoneinfo}\n" "mkdir -pv /usr/{,local/}share/man/man{1..8}\n" "install -dv -m 1777 /tmp /var/tmp\n" "install -dv -m 0750 /root\n" "\n" "mkdir -v /var/{log,mail,spool}\n" "ln -sv /run /var/run\n" "ln -sv /run/lock /var/lock\n" "mkdir -pv /var/{opt,cache,lib/{color,misc,locate},local}</userinput>" #. type: Content of: <sect1><para> #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter07/creatingdirs.xml:30 msgid "" "Directories are, by default, created with permission mode 755, but this is " "not desirable for all directories. In the commands above, two changes are " "made—one to the home directory of user <systemitem class=\"username" "\">root</systemitem>, and another to the directories for temporary files." msgstr "" "默认情况下，新创建的目录具有权限码 755，但这并不适合所有目录。在以上命令" "中，两个目录的访问权限被修改 —— 一个是 <systemitem class=\"username\">root</" "systemitem> 的主目录，另一个是包含临时文件的目录。" #. type: Content of: <sect1><para> #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter07/creatingdirs.xml:36 msgid "" "The first mode change ensures that not just anybody can enter the <filename " "class=\"directory\">/root</filename> directory—the same as a normal " "user would do with his or her home directory. The second mode change makes " "sure that any user can write to the <filename class=\"directory\">/tmp</" "filename> and <filename class=\"directory\">/var/tmp</filename> directories, " "but cannot remove another user's files from them. The latter is prohibited " "by the so-called <quote>sticky bit,</quote> the highest bit (1) in the 1777 " "bit mask." msgstr "" "第一个修改能保证不是所有人都能进入 <filename class=\"directory\">/root</" "filename> —— 一般用户也可以为他/她的主目录设置同样的 0750 权限码。第二个修改" "保证任何用户都可写入 <filename class=\"directory\">/tmp</filename> 和 " "<filename class=\"directory\">/var/tmp</filename> 目录，但不能从中删除其他用" "户的文件，因为所谓的 <quote>粘滞位</quote> (sticky bit)，即八进制权限码 1777 " "的最高位 (1) 阻止这样做。" #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><title> #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter07/creatingdirs.xml:46 msgid "FHS Compliance Note" msgstr "FHS 兼容性注记" #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><para> #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter07/creatingdirs.xml:48 msgid "" "The directory tree is based on the Filesystem Hierarchy Standard (FHS) " "(available at <ulink url=\"https://refspecs.linuxfoundation.org/fhs.shtml\"/" ">). The FHS also specifies the optional existence of some directories such " "as <filename class=\"directory\">/usr/local/games</filename> and <filename " "class=\"directory\">/usr/share/games</filename>. We create only the " "directories that are needed. However, feel free to create these directories." msgstr "" "这个目录树是基于 Filesystem Hierarchy Standard (FHS) (可以在 <ulink url=" "\"https://refspecs.linuxfoundation.org/fhs.shtml\"/> 查阅) 建立的。FHS 标准" "还规定了某些可选的目录，例如 <filename class=\"directory\">/usr/local/" "games</filename> 和 <filename class=\"directory\">/usr/share/games</" "filename>。我们只创建了必要的目录。不过，如果您需要的话可以自己创建这些可" "选目录。"