lfs-book/chapter05/gcc-pass2.xml

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<sect1 id="ch-tools-gcc-pass2" role="wrap">
  <?dbhtml filename="gcc-pass2.html"?>

  <title>GCC-&gcc-version; - Pass 2</title>

  <indexterm zone="ch-tools-gcc-pass2">
    <primary sortas="a-GCC">GCC</primary>
    <secondary>tools, pass 2</secondary>
  </indexterm>

  <sect2 role="package">
    <title/>

    <xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2003/XInclude"
    href="../chapter06/gcc.xml"
    xpointer="xpointer(/sect1/sect2[1]/para[1])"/>

    <segmentedlist>
      <segtitle>&buildtime;</segtitle>
      <segtitle>&diskspace;</segtitle>

      <seglistitem>
        <seg>11.0 SBU</seg>
        <seg>292 MB</seg>
      </seglistitem>
    </segmentedlist>

    <xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2003/XInclude"
    href="../chapter06/gcc.xml"
    xpointer="xpointer(/sect1/sect2[1]/segmentedlist[2])"/>

  </sect2>

  <sect2 role="installation">
    <title>Re-installation of GCC</title>

    <para>The tools required to test GCC and Binutils&mdash;Tcl, Expect
    and DejaGNU&mdash;are installed now. GCC and Binutils can now be
    rebuilt, linking them against the new Glibc and testing them properly
    (if running the test suites in this chapter). Please note that these
    test suites are highly dependent on properly functioning PTYs which
    are provided by the host. PTYs are most commonly implemented via the
    <systemitem class="filesystem">devpts</systemitem> file system. Check
    to see if the host system is set up correctly in this regard by
    performing a quick test:</para>

<screen><userinput>expect -c "spawn ls"</userinput></screen>

    <para>The response might be:</para>

<screen><computeroutput>The system has no more ptys.
Ask your system administrator to create more.</computeroutput></screen>

    <para>If the above message is received, the host does not have its PTYs
    set up properly. In this case, there is no point in running the test
    suites for GCC and Binutils until this issue is resolved. Please consult
    the LFS FAQ at <ulink url="&lfs-root;/lfs/faq.html#no-ptys"/> for more
    information on how to get PTYs working.</para>

    <para>As previously explained in <xref linkend="ch-tools-adjusting"/>,
    under normal circumstances the GCC <command>fixincludes</command> script
    is run in order to fix potentially broken header files. As GCC-&gcc-version;
    and Glibc-&glibc-version; have already been installed at this point, and
    their respective header files are known to not require fixing, the
    <command>fixincludes</command> script is not required. As mentioned
    previously, the script may in fact pollute the build environment by
    installing fixed headers from the host system into GCC's private include
    directory. The running of the <command>fixincludes</command> script can
    be suppressed by issuing the following commands:</para>

<screen><userinput>cp -v gcc/Makefile.in{,.orig} &amp;&amp;
sed 's@\./fixinc\.sh@-c true@' gcc/Makefile.in.orig &gt; gcc/Makefile.in</userinput></screen>

    <para>The bootstrap build performed in <xref linkend="ch-tools-gcc-pass1"/>
    built GCC with the <option>-fomit-frame-pointer</option> compiler flag.
    Non-bootstrap builds omit this flag by default, so apply the following
    <command>sed</command> to use it in order to ensure consistent compiler
    builds.</para>

<screen><userinput>cp -v gcc/Makefile.in{,.tmp} &amp;&amp;
sed 's/^XCFLAGS =$/&amp; -fomit-frame-pointer/' gcc/Makefile.in.tmp \
  &gt; gcc/Makefile.in</userinput></screen>

    <para>Apply the following patch to change the location of GCC's default
    dynamiclinker (typically <filename
    class="libraryfile">ld-linux.so.2</filename>):</para>

<screen><userinput>patch -Np1 -i ../&gcc-specs-patch;</userinput></screen>

    <para>The above patch also removes <filename
    class="directory">/usr/include</filename> from GCC's include search path.
    Patching now rather than adjusting the specs file after installation
    ensures that the new dynamic linker is used during the actual build of
    GCC. That is, all of the binaries created during the build will link
    against the new Glibc.</para>

    <important>
      <para>The above patch is critical in ensuring a successful overall
      build. Do not forget to apply it.</para>
    </important>

    <para>Create a separate build directory again:</para>

<screen><userinput>mkdir -v ../gcc-build
cd ../gcc-build</userinput></screen>

    <para>Before starting to build GCC, remember to unset any environment
    variables that override the default optimization flags.</para>

    <para>Now prepare GCC for compilation:</para>

<screen><userinput>../gcc-&gcc-version;/configure --prefix=/tools \
    --with-local-prefix=/tools --enable-clocale=gnu \
    --enable-shared --enable-threads=posix \
    --enable-__cxa_atexit --enable-languages=c,c++ \
    --disable-libstdcxx-pch</userinput></screen>

    <variablelist>
      <title>The meaning of the new configure options:</title>

      <varlistentry>
        <term><parameter>--enable-clocale=gnu</parameter></term>
        <listitem>
          <para>This option ensures the correct locale model is selected
          for the C++ libraries under all circumstances. If the configure
          script finds the <emphasis>de_DE</emphasis> locale installed,
          it will select the correct gnu locale model. However, if the
          <emphasis>de_DE</emphasis> locale is not installed, there is the
          risk of building Application Binary Interface (ABI)-incompatible
          C++ libraries because the incorrect generic locale model may be
          selected.</para>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry>
        <term><parameter>--enable-threads=posix</parameter></term>
        <listitem>
          <para>This enables C++ exception handling for multi-threaded code.</para>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry>
        <term><parameter>--enable-__cxa_atexit</parameter></term>
        <listitem>
          <para>This option allows use of <function>__cxa_atexit</function>,
          rather than <function>atexit</function>, to register C++ destructors
          for local statics and global objects. This option is essential for
          fully standards-compliant handling of destructors. It also affects
          the C++ ABI, and therefore results in C++ shared libraries and C++
          programs that are interoperable with other Linux distributions.</para>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry>
        <term><parameter>--enable-languages=c,c++</parameter></term>
        <listitem>
          <para>This option ensures that both the C and C++ compilers are
          built.</para>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry>
        <term><parameter>--disable-libstdcxx-pch</parameter></term>
        <listitem>
          <para>Do not build the pre-compiled header (PCH) for
          <filename class="libraryfile">libstdc++</filename>. It takes up a
          lot of space, and we have no use for it.</para>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

    </variablelist>

    <para>Compile the package:</para>

<screen><userinput>make</userinput></screen>

    <para>There is no need to use the <parameter>bootstrap</parameter> target
    now because the compiler being used to compile this GCC was built from
    the exact same version of the GCC sources used earlier.</para>

    <para>Compilation is now complete. As previously mentioned, running the test
    suites for the temporary tools compiled in this chapter is not mandatory.
    To run the GCC test suite anyway, use the following command:</para>

<screen><userinput>make -k check</userinput></screen>

    <para>The <parameter>-k</parameter> flag is used to make the test suite run
    through to completion and not stop at the first failure. The GCC test
    suite is very comprehensive and is almost guaranteed to generate a few
    failures. To receive a summary of the test suite results, run:</para>

<screen><userinput>../gcc-&gcc-version;/contrib/test_summary</userinput></screen>

    <para>For only the summaries, pipe the output through
    <userinput>grep -A7 Summ</userinput>.</para>

    <para>Results can be compared with those located at <ulink
    url="&test-results;"/>.</para>

    <para>A few unexpected failures cannot always be avoided. The GCC developers
    are usually aware of these issues, but have not resolved them yet. In
    particular, the <filename class="libraryfile">libmudflap</filename> tests
    are known be particularly problematic as a result of a bug in GCC
    (<ulink url="http://gcc.gnu.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=20003"/>).
    Unless the test results are vastly different from those at the above URL,
    it is safe to continue.</para>

    <para>Install the package:</para>

<screen><userinput>make install</userinput></screen>

    <note>
      <para>At this point it is strongly recommended to repeat the sanity
      check we performed earlier in this chapter. Refer back to <xref
      linkend="ch-tools-adjusting" role=","/> and repeat the test compilation.
      If the result is wrong, the most likely reason is that the GCC Specs
      patch was not properly applied.</para>
    </note>

  </sect2>

  <sect2 role="content">
    <title/>

    <para>Details on this package are located in
    <xref linkend="contents-gcc" role="."/></para>

  </sect2>

</sect1>