glibc.xml 36 KB

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  1. <?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
  2. <!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN"
  3. "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [
  4. <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
  5. %general-entities;
  6. ]>
  7. <sect1 id="ch-system-glibc" role="wrap">
  8. <?dbhtml filename="glibc.html"?>
  9. <sect1info condition="script">
  10. <productname>glibc</productname>
  11. <productnumber>&glibc-version;</productnumber>
  12. <address>&glibc-url;</address>
  13. </sect1info>
  14. <title>Glibc-&glibc-version;</title>
  15. <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc">
  16. <primary sortas="a-Glibc">Glibc</primary>
  17. </indexterm>
  18. <sect2 role="package">
  19. <title/>
  20. <para>The Glibc package contains the main C library. This library provides
  21. the basic routines for allocating memory, searching directories, opening and
  22. closing files, reading and writing files, string handling, pattern matching,
  23. arithmetic, and so on.</para>
  24. <segmentedlist>
  25. <segtitle>&buildtime;</segtitle>
  26. <segtitle>&diskspace;</segtitle>
  27. <seglistitem>
  28. <seg>&glibc-ch6-sbu;</seg>
  29. <seg>&glibc-ch6-du;</seg>
  30. </seglistitem>
  31. </segmentedlist>
  32. </sect2>
  33. <sect2 role="installation">
  34. <title>Installation of Glibc</title>
  35. <note><para>The Glibc build system is self-contained and will install
  36. perfectly, even though the compiler specs file and linker are still
  37. pointing to <filename class="directory">/tools</filename>. The specs
  38. and linker cannot be adjusted before the Glibc install because the
  39. Glibc autoconf tests would give false results and defeat the goal
  40. of achieving a clean build.</para></note>
  41. <para>Some of the Glibc programs use the non-FHS compliant
  42. <filename class="directory">/var/db</filename> directory to store
  43. their runtime data. Apply the following patch to make such programs
  44. store their runtime data in the FHS-compliant locations:</para>
  45. <screen><userinput remap="pre">patch -Np1 -i ../&glibc-fhs-patch;</userinput></screen>
  46. <!--
  47. <para>Fix a minor security issue with glob functions:</para>
  48. <screen><userinput remap="pre">patch -Np1 -i ../&glibc-glob-patch;</userinput></screen>
  49. -->
  50. <!-- No longer needed
  51. <para>Fix a problem introduced with the linux-5.2 kernel:</para>
  52. <screen><userinput remap="pre">sed -i '/asm.socket.h/a# include &lt;linux/sockios.h&gt;' \
  53. sysdeps/unix/sysv/linux/bits/socket.h</userinput></screen>
  54. -->
  55. <para>Create a symlink for LSB
  56. compliance. Additionally, for x86_64, create a compatibility symlink
  57. required for the dynamic loader to function correctly:</para>
  58. <screen><userinput remap="pre">case $(uname -m) in
  59. i?86) ln -sfv ld-linux.so.2 /lib/ld-lsb.so.3
  60. ;;
  61. x86_64) ln -sfv ../lib/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 /lib64
  62. ln -sfv ../lib/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 /lib64/ld-lsb-x86-64.so.3
  63. ;;
  64. esac</userinput></screen>
  65. <!--
  66. <para>Remove a file that may be left over from a previous build attempt:
  67. </para>
  68. <screen><userinput remap="pre">rm -f /usr/include/limits.h</userinput></screen>
  69. -->
  70. <para>The Glibc documentation recommends building Glibc
  71. in a dedicated build directory:</para>
  72. <screen><userinput remap="pre">mkdir -v build
  73. cd build</userinput></screen>
  74. <para>Prepare Glibc for compilation:</para>
  75. <screen><userinput remap="configure">CC="gcc -ffile-prefix-map=/tools=/usr" \
  76. ../configure --prefix=/usr \
  77. --disable-werror \
  78. --enable-kernel=&min-kernel; \
  79. --enable-stack-protector=strong \
  80. --with-headers=/usr/include \
  81. libc_cv_slibdir=/lib</userinput></screen>
  82. <variablelist>
  83. <title>The meaning of the options and new configure parameters:</title>
  84. <varlistentry>
  85. <term><parameter>CC="gcc -ffile-prefix-map=/tools=/usr"</parameter></term>
  86. <listitem>
  87. <para>Make GCC record any references to files in /tools in result
  88. of the compilation as if the files resided in /usr. This avoids
  89. introduction of invalid paths in debugging symbols.</para>
  90. </listitem>
  91. </varlistentry>
  92. <varlistentry>
  93. <term><parameter>--disable-werror</parameter></term>
  94. <listitem>
  95. <para>This option disables the -Werror option passed to
  96. GCC. This is necessary for running the test suite.</para>
  97. </listitem>
  98. </varlistentry>
  99. <varlistentry>
  100. <term><parameter>--enable-stack-protector=strong</parameter></term>
  101. <listitem>
  102. <para>This option increases system security by adding
  103. extra code to check for buffer overflows, such as stack
  104. smashing attacks.</para>
  105. </listitem>
  106. </varlistentry>
  107. <varlistentry>
  108. <term><parameter>--with-headers=/usr/include</parameter></term>
  109. <listitem>
  110. <para>This option tells the build system where to find the
  111. kernel API headers. By default, those headers are sought in
  112. <filename class="directory">/tools/include</filename>.</para>
  113. </listitem>
  114. </varlistentry>
  115. <varlistentry>
  116. <term><parameter>libc_cv_slibdir=/lib</parameter></term>
  117. <listitem>
  118. <para>This variable sets the correct library for all
  119. systems. We do not want lib64 to be used.</para>
  120. </listitem>
  121. </varlistentry>
  122. </variablelist>
  123. <para>Compile the package:</para>
  124. <screen><userinput remap="make">make</userinput></screen>
  125. <important>
  126. <para>In this section, the test suite for Glibc is considered critical.
  127. Do not skip it under any circumstance.</para>
  128. </important>
  129. <para>Generally a few tests do not pass. The test failures listed below
  130. are usually safe to ignore.</para>
  131. <!-- Use remap="make" here to work around a jhalfs issue. -->
  132. <screen><userinput remap="make">case $(uname -m) in
  133. i?86) ln -sfnv $PWD/elf/ld-linux.so.2 /lib ;;
  134. x86_64) ln -sfnv $PWD/elf/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 /lib ;;
  135. esac</userinput></screen>
  136. <note><para>The symbolic link above is needed to run the tests at this
  137. stage of building in the chroot environment. It will be overwritten
  138. in the install phase below.</para></note>
  139. <screen><userinput remap="test">make check</userinput></screen>
  140. <para>You may see some test failures. The Glibc test suite is
  141. somewhat dependent on the host system. This is a list of the most common
  142. issues seen for some versions of LFS:</para>
  143. <itemizedlist>
  144. <listitem>
  145. <para><emphasis>misc/tst-ttyname</emphasis>
  146. is known to fail in the LFS chroot environment.</para>
  147. </listitem>
  148. <listitem>
  149. <para><emphasis>inet/tst-idna_name_classify</emphasis>
  150. is known to fail in the LFS chroot environment.</para>
  151. </listitem>
  152. <listitem>
  153. <para><emphasis>posix/tst-getaddrinfo4</emphasis> and
  154. <emphasis>posix/tst-getaddrinfo5</emphasis>
  155. may fail on some architectures.</para>
  156. </listitem>
  157. <listitem>
  158. <para>The <emphasis>nss/tst-nss-files-hosts-multi</emphasis>
  159. test may fail for reasons that have not been determined.</para>
  160. </listitem>
  161. <listitem>
  162. <para>The <emphasis>rt/tst-cputimer{1,2,3}</emphasis> tests depend on
  163. the host system kernel. Kernels 4.14.91&ndash;4.14.96,
  164. 4.19.13&ndash;4.19.18, and 4.20.0&ndash;4.20.5 are known to
  165. cause these tests to fail.
  166. </para>
  167. </listitem>
  168. <listitem>
  169. <para>The math tests sometimes fail when running on
  170. systems where the CPU is not a relatively new Intel or
  171. AMD processor.</para>
  172. </listitem>
  173. <!--
  174. <listitem>
  175. <para>The
  176. <emphasis>nptl/tst-thread-affinity-{pthread,pthread2,sched}</emphasis>
  177. tests may fail for reasons that have not been determined. </para>
  178. </listitem>
  179. <listitem>
  180. <para>Other tests known to fail on some architectures are
  181. malloc/tst-malloc-usable and nptl/tst-cleanupx4. </para>
  182. </listitem>
  183. -->
  184. </itemizedlist>
  185. <para>Though it is a harmless message, the install stage of Glibc will
  186. complain about the absence of <filename>/etc/ld.so.conf</filename>.
  187. Prevent this warning with:</para>
  188. <screen><userinput remap="install">touch /etc/ld.so.conf</userinput></screen>
  189. <para>Fix the generated Makefile to skip an unneeded sanity check
  190. that fails in the LFS partial environment:
  191. </para>
  192. <screen><userinput remap="install">sed '/test-installation/s@$(PERL)@echo not running@' -i ../Makefile</userinput></screen>
  193. <para>Install the package:</para>
  194. <screen><userinput remap="install">make install</userinput></screen>
  195. <para>Install the configuration file and runtime directory for
  196. <command>nscd</command>:</para>
  197. <screen><userinput remap="install">cp -v ../nscd/nscd.conf /etc/nscd.conf
  198. mkdir -pv /var/cache/nscd</userinput></screen>
  199. <para revision="systemd">Install the systemd support files for
  200. <command>nscd</command>:</para>
  201. <screen revision="systemd"><userinput remap="install">install -v -Dm644 ../nscd/nscd.tmpfiles /usr/lib/tmpfiles.d/nscd.conf
  202. install -v -Dm644 ../nscd/nscd.service /lib/systemd/system/nscd.service</userinput></screen>
  203. <para>Next, install the locales that can make the system respond in a
  204. different language. None of the locales are required, but if some of them
  205. are missing, the test suites of future packages would skip important
  206. testcases.</para>
  207. <para>Individual locales can be installed using the
  208. <command>localedef</command> program. E.g., the first
  209. <command>localedef</command> command below combines the
  210. <filename>/usr/share/i18n/locales/cs_CZ</filename>
  211. charset-independent locale definition with the
  212. <filename>/usr/share/i18n/charmaps/UTF-8.gz</filename>
  213. charmap definition and appends the result to the
  214. <filename>/usr/lib/locale/locale-archive</filename> file.
  215. The following instructions will install the minimum set of
  216. locales necessary for the optimal coverage of tests:</para>
  217. <screen role="nodump"><userinput remap="locale-test">mkdir -pv /usr/lib/locale
  218. localedef -i POSIX -f UTF-8 C.UTF-8 2> /dev/null || true
  219. localedef -i cs_CZ -f UTF-8 cs_CZ.UTF-8
  220. localedef -i de_DE -f ISO-8859-1 de_DE
  221. localedef -i de_DE@euro -f ISO-8859-15 de_DE@euro
  222. localedef -i de_DE -f UTF-8 de_DE.UTF-8
  223. localedef -i el_GR -f ISO-8859-7 el_GR
  224. localedef -i en_GB -f UTF-8 en_GB.UTF-8
  225. localedef -i en_HK -f ISO-8859-1 en_HK
  226. localedef -i en_PH -f ISO-8859-1 en_PH
  227. localedef -i en_US -f ISO-8859-1 en_US
  228. localedef -i en_US -f UTF-8 en_US.UTF-8
  229. localedef -i es_MX -f ISO-8859-1 es_MX
  230. localedef -i fa_IR -f UTF-8 fa_IR
  231. localedef -i fr_FR -f ISO-8859-1 fr_FR
  232. localedef -i fr_FR@euro -f ISO-8859-15 fr_FR@euro
  233. localedef -i fr_FR -f UTF-8 fr_FR.UTF-8
  234. localedef -i it_IT -f ISO-8859-1 it_IT
  235. localedef -i it_IT -f UTF-8 it_IT.UTF-8
  236. localedef -i ja_JP -f EUC-JP ja_JP
  237. localedef -i ja_JP -f SHIFT_JIS ja_JP.SIJS 2> /dev/null || true
  238. localedef -i ja_JP -f UTF-8 ja_JP.UTF-8
  239. localedef -i ru_RU -f KOI8-R ru_RU.KOI8-R
  240. localedef -i ru_RU -f UTF-8 ru_RU.UTF-8
  241. localedef -i tr_TR -f UTF-8 tr_TR.UTF-8
  242. localedef -i zh_CN -f GB18030 zh_CN.GB18030
  243. localedef -i zh_HK -f BIG5-HKSCS zh_HK.BIG5-HKSCS</userinput></screen>
  244. <para>In addition, install the locale for your own country, language and
  245. character set.</para>
  246. <para>Alternatively, install all locales listed in the
  247. <filename>glibc-&glibc-version;/localedata/SUPPORTED</filename> file
  248. (it includes every locale listed above and many more) at once with the
  249. following time-consuming command:</para>
  250. <screen><userinput remap="locale-full">make localedata/install-locales</userinput></screen>
  251. <para>Then use the <command>localedef</command> command to create and
  252. install locales not listed in the
  253. <filename>glibc-&glibc-version;/localedata/SUPPORTED</filename> file
  254. in the unlikely case you need them.</para>
  255. <note><para>Glibc now uses libidn2 when resolving internationalized
  256. domain names. This is a run time dependency. If this capability
  257. is needed, the instructions for installing libidn2 are in the
  258. <ulink url="&blfs-book;general/libidn2.html">BLFS libidn2 page</ulink>.
  259. </para></note>
  260. </sect2>
  261. <sect2 id="conf-glibc" role="configuration">
  262. <title>Configuring Glibc</title>
  263. <indexterm zone="conf-glibc">
  264. <primary sortas="e-/etc/nsswitch.conf">/etc/nsswitch.conf</primary>
  265. </indexterm>
  266. <indexterm zone="conf-glibc">
  267. <primary sortas="e-/etc/localtime">/etc/localtime</primary>
  268. </indexterm>
  269. <sect3>
  270. <title>Adding nsswitch.conf</title>
  271. <para>The <filename>/etc/nsswitch.conf</filename> file needs to be created
  272. because the Glibc defaults do not work well in a networked environment.
  273. </para>
  274. <para>Create a new file <filename>/etc/nsswitch.conf</filename> by running the
  275. following:</para>
  276. <screen><userinput>cat &gt; /etc/nsswitch.conf &lt;&lt; "EOF"
  277. <literal># Begin /etc/nsswitch.conf
  278. passwd: files
  279. group: files
  280. shadow: files
  281. hosts: files dns
  282. networks: files
  283. protocols: files
  284. services: files
  285. ethers: files
  286. rpc: files
  287. # End /etc/nsswitch.conf</literal>
  288. EOF</userinput></screen>
  289. </sect3>
  290. <sect3>
  291. <title>Adding time zone data</title>
  292. <para>Install and set up the time zone data with the following:</para>
  293. <screen><userinput>tar -xf ../../tzdata&tzdata-version;.tar.gz
  294. ZONEINFO=/usr/share/zoneinfo
  295. mkdir -pv $ZONEINFO/{posix,right}
  296. for tz in etcetera southamerica northamerica europe africa antarctica \
  297. asia australasia backward pacificnew systemv; do
  298. zic -L /dev/null -d $ZONEINFO ${tz}
  299. zic -L /dev/null -d $ZONEINFO/posix ${tz}
  300. zic -L leapseconds -d $ZONEINFO/right ${tz}
  301. done
  302. cp -v zone.tab zone1970.tab iso3166.tab $ZONEINFO
  303. zic -d $ZONEINFO -p America/New_York
  304. unset ZONEINFO</userinput></screen>
  305. <variablelist>
  306. <title>The meaning of the zic commands:</title>
  307. <varlistentry>
  308. <term><parameter>zic -L /dev/null ...</parameter></term>
  309. <listitem>
  310. <para>This creates posix time zones, without any leap seconds. It is
  311. conventional to put these in both
  312. <filename class="directory">zoneinfo</filename> and
  313. <filename class="directory">zoneinfo/posix</filename>. It is
  314. necessary to put the POSIX time zones in
  315. <filename class="directory">zoneinfo</filename>, otherwise various
  316. test-suites will report errors. On an embedded system, where space is
  317. tight and you do not intend to ever update the time zones, you could save
  318. 1.9MB by not using the <filename class="directory">posix</filename>
  319. directory, but some applications or test-suites might produce some
  320. failures.</para>
  321. </listitem>
  322. </varlistentry>
  323. <varlistentry>
  324. <term><parameter>zic -L leapseconds ...</parameter></term>
  325. <listitem>
  326. <para>This creates right time zones, including leap seconds. On an
  327. embedded system, where space is tight and you do not intend to
  328. ever update the time zones, or care about the correct time, you could
  329. save 1.9MB by omitting the <filename class="directory">right</filename>
  330. directory.</para>
  331. </listitem>
  332. </varlistentry>
  333. <varlistentry>
  334. <term><parameter>zic ... -p ...</parameter></term>
  335. <listitem>
  336. <para>This creates the <filename>posixrules</filename> file. We use
  337. New York because POSIX requires the daylight savings time rules
  338. to be in accordance with US rules.</para>
  339. </listitem>
  340. </varlistentry>
  341. </variablelist>
  342. <para>One way to determine the local time zone is to run the following
  343. script:</para>
  344. <screen role="nodump"><userinput>tzselect</userinput></screen>
  345. <para>After answering a few questions about the location, the script will
  346. output the name of the time zone (e.g.,
  347. <emphasis>America/Edmonton</emphasis>). There are also some other possible
  348. time zones listed in <filename
  349. class='directory'>/usr/share/zoneinfo</filename> such as
  350. <emphasis>Canada/Eastern</emphasis> or <emphasis>EST5EDT</emphasis> that
  351. are not identified by the script but can be used.</para>
  352. <para>Then create the <filename>/etc/localtime</filename> file by
  353. running:</para>
  354. <screen><userinput>ln -sfv /usr/share/zoneinfo/<replaceable>&lt;xxx&gt;</replaceable> /etc/localtime</userinput></screen>
  355. <para>Replace <replaceable>&lt;xxx&gt;</replaceable> with the name of the
  356. time zone selected (e.g., Canada/Eastern).</para>
  357. </sect3>
  358. <sect3 id="conf-ld" role="configuration">
  359. <title>Configuring the Dynamic Loader</title>
  360. <indexterm zone="conf-ld">
  361. <primary sortas="e-/etc/ld.so.conf">/etc/ld.so.conf</primary>
  362. </indexterm>
  363. <para>By default, the dynamic loader (<filename
  364. class="libraryfile">/lib/ld-linux.so.2</filename>) searches through
  365. <filename class="directory">/lib</filename> and <filename
  366. class="directory">/usr/lib</filename> for dynamic libraries that are
  367. needed by programs as they are run. However, if there are libraries in
  368. directories other than <filename class="directory">/lib</filename> and
  369. <filename class="directory">/usr/lib</filename>, these need to be added
  370. to the <filename>/etc/ld.so.conf</filename> file in order for the
  371. dynamic loader to find them. Two directories that are commonly known
  372. to contain additional libraries are <filename
  373. class="directory">/usr/local/lib</filename> and <filename
  374. class="directory">/opt/lib</filename>, so add those directories to the
  375. dynamic loader's search path.</para>
  376. <para>Create a new file <filename>/etc/ld.so.conf</filename> by running the
  377. following:</para>
  378. <screen><userinput>cat &gt; /etc/ld.so.conf &lt;&lt; "EOF"
  379. <literal># Begin /etc/ld.so.conf
  380. /usr/local/lib
  381. /opt/lib
  382. </literal>
  383. EOF</userinput></screen>
  384. <para>If desired, the dynamic loader can also search a directory and
  385. include the contents of files found there. Generally the files in
  386. this include directory are one line specifying the desired library path.
  387. To add this capability run the following commands:</para>
  388. <screen role="nodump"><userinput>cat &gt;&gt; /etc/ld.so.conf &lt;&lt; "EOF"
  389. <literal># Add an include directory
  390. include /etc/ld.so.conf.d/*.conf
  391. </literal>
  392. EOF
  393. mkdir -pv /etc/ld.so.conf.d</userinput></screen>
  394. </sect3>
  395. </sect2>
  396. <sect2 id="contents-glibc" role="content">
  397. <title>Contents of Glibc</title>
  398. <segmentedlist>
  399. <segtitle>Installed programs</segtitle>
  400. <segtitle>Installed libraries</segtitle>
  401. <segtitle>Installed directories</segtitle>
  402. <seglistitem>
  403. <seg>catchsegv, gencat, getconf, getent, iconv, iconvconfig, ldconfig,
  404. ldd, lddlibc4, locale, localedef, makedb, mtrace, nscd,
  405. pcprofiledump, pldd, sln, sotruss, sprof, tzselect, xtrace,
  406. zdump, and zic</seg>
  407. <seg>ld-&glibc-version;.so, libBrokenLocale.{a,so}, libSegFault.so, libanl.{a,so},
  408. libc.{a,so}, libc_nonshared.a,
  409. libcrypt.{a,so}, libdl.{a,so}, libg.a, libm.{a,so},
  410. libmcheck.a, libmemusage.so, libmvec.{a,so}, libnsl.{a,so},
  411. libnss_compat.so, libnss_dns.so, libnss_files.so, libnss_hesiod.so,
  412. libpcprofile.so, libpthread.{a,so},
  413. libpthread_nonshared.a, libresolv.{a,so}, librt.{a,so},
  414. libthread_db.so, and libutil.{a,so}</seg>
  415. <seg>/usr/include/arpa, /usr/include/bits, /usr/include/gnu,
  416. /usr/include/net, /usr/include/netash, /usr/include/netatalk,
  417. /usr/include/netax25, /usr/include/neteconet, /usr/include/netinet,
  418. /usr/include/netipx, /usr/include/netiucv, /usr/include/netpacket,
  419. /usr/include/netrom, /usr/include/netrose, /usr/include/nfs,
  420. /usr/include/protocols, /usr/include/rpc,
  421. /usr/include/sys, /usr/lib/audit, /usr/lib/gconv, /usr/lib/locale,
  422. /usr/libexec/getconf, /usr/share/i18n, /usr/share/zoneinfo,
  423. /var/cache/nscd, and /var/lib/nss_db</seg>
  424. </seglistitem>
  425. </segmentedlist>
  426. <variablelist>
  427. <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
  428. <?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
  429. <?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
  430. <varlistentry id="catchsegv">
  431. <term><command>catchsegv</command></term>
  432. <listitem>
  433. <para>Can be used to create a stack trace when a program
  434. terminates with a segmentation fault</para>
  435. <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc catchsegv">
  436. <primary sortas="b-catchsegv">catchsegv</primary>
  437. </indexterm>
  438. </listitem>
  439. </varlistentry>
  440. <varlistentry id="gencat">
  441. <term><command>gencat</command></term>
  442. <listitem>
  443. <para>Generates message catalogues</para>
  444. <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc gencat">
  445. <primary sortas="b-gencat">gencat</primary>
  446. </indexterm>
  447. </listitem>
  448. </varlistentry>
  449. <varlistentry id="getconf">
  450. <term><command>getconf</command></term>
  451. <listitem>
  452. <para>Displays the system configuration values for file system
  453. specific variables</para>
  454. <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc getconf">
  455. <primary sortas="b-getconf">getconf</primary>
  456. </indexterm>
  457. </listitem>
  458. </varlistentry>
  459. <varlistentry id="getent">
  460. <term><command>getent</command></term>
  461. <listitem>
  462. <para>Gets entries from an administrative database</para>
  463. <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc getent">
  464. <primary sortas="b-getent">getent</primary>
  465. </indexterm>
  466. </listitem>
  467. </varlistentry>
  468. <varlistentry id="iconv">
  469. <term><command>iconv</command></term>
  470. <listitem>
  471. <para>Performs character set conversion</para>
  472. <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc iconv">
  473. <primary sortas="b-iconv">iconv</primary>
  474. </indexterm>
  475. </listitem>
  476. </varlistentry>
  477. <varlistentry id="iconvconfig">
  478. <term><command>iconvconfig</command></term>
  479. <listitem>
  480. <para>Creates fastloading <command>iconv</command> module configuration
  481. files</para>
  482. <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc iconvconfig">
  483. <primary sortas="b-iconvconfig">iconvconfig</primary>
  484. </indexterm>
  485. </listitem>
  486. </varlistentry>
  487. <varlistentry id="ldconfig">
  488. <term><command>ldconfig</command></term>
  489. <listitem>
  490. <para>Configures the dynamic linker runtime bindings</para>
  491. <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc ldconfig">
  492. <primary sortas="b-ldconfig">ldconfig</primary>
  493. </indexterm>
  494. </listitem>
  495. </varlistentry>
  496. <varlistentry id="ldd">
  497. <term><command>ldd</command></term>
  498. <listitem>
  499. <para>Reports which shared libraries are required
  500. by each given program or shared library</para>
  501. <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc ldd">
  502. <primary sortas="b-ldd">ldd</primary>
  503. </indexterm>
  504. </listitem>
  505. </varlistentry>
  506. <varlistentry id="lddlibc4">
  507. <term><command>lddlibc4</command></term>
  508. <listitem>
  509. <para>Assists <command>ldd</command> with object files</para>
  510. <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc lddlibc4">
  511. <primary sortas="b-lddlibc4">lddlibc4</primary>
  512. </indexterm>
  513. </listitem>
  514. </varlistentry>
  515. <varlistentry id="locale">
  516. <term><command>locale</command></term>
  517. <listitem>
  518. <para>Prints various information about the current locale</para>
  519. <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc locale">
  520. <primary sortas="b-locale">locale</primary>
  521. </indexterm>
  522. </listitem>
  523. </varlistentry>
  524. <varlistentry id="localedef">
  525. <term><command>localedef</command></term>
  526. <listitem>
  527. <para>Compiles locale specifications</para>
  528. <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc localedef">
  529. <primary sortas="b-localedef">localedef</primary>
  530. </indexterm>
  531. </listitem>
  532. </varlistentry>
  533. <varlistentry id="makedb">
  534. <term><command>makedb</command></term>
  535. <listitem>
  536. <para>Creates a simple database from textual input</para>
  537. <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc makedb">
  538. <primary sortas="b-makedb">makedb</primary>
  539. </indexterm>
  540. </listitem>
  541. </varlistentry>
  542. <varlistentry id="mtrace">
  543. <term><command>mtrace</command></term>
  544. <listitem>
  545. <para>Reads and interprets a memory trace file and displays a summary
  546. in human-readable format</para>
  547. <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc mtrace">
  548. <primary sortas="b-mtrace">mtrace</primary>
  549. </indexterm>
  550. </listitem>
  551. </varlistentry>
  552. <varlistentry id="nscd">
  553. <term><command>nscd</command></term>
  554. <listitem>
  555. <para>A daemon that provides a cache for the most common name
  556. service requests</para>
  557. <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc nscd">
  558. <primary sortas="b-nscd">nscd</primary>
  559. </indexterm>
  560. </listitem>
  561. </varlistentry>
  562. <varlistentry id="pcprofiledump">
  563. <term><command>pcprofiledump</command></term>
  564. <listitem>
  565. <para>Dump information generated by PC profiling</para>
  566. <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc pcprofiledump">
  567. <primary sortas="b-pcprofiledump">pcprofiledump</primary>
  568. </indexterm>
  569. </listitem>
  570. </varlistentry>
  571. <varlistentry id="pldd">
  572. <term><command>pldd</command></term>
  573. <listitem>
  574. <para>Lists dynamic shared objects used by running processes</para>
  575. <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc pldd">
  576. <primary sortas="b-pldd">pldd</primary>
  577. </indexterm>
  578. </listitem>
  579. </varlistentry>
  580. <varlistentry id="sln">
  581. <term><command>sln</command></term>
  582. <listitem>
  583. <para>A statically linked <command>ln</command> program</para>
  584. <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc sln">
  585. <primary sortas="b-sln">sln</primary>
  586. </indexterm>
  587. </listitem>
  588. </varlistentry>
  589. <varlistentry id="sotruss">
  590. <term><command>sotruss</command></term>
  591. <listitem>
  592. <para>Traces shared library procedure calls of a specified command</para>
  593. <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc sotruss">
  594. <primary sortas="b-sotruss">sotruss</primary>
  595. </indexterm>
  596. </listitem>
  597. </varlistentry>
  598. <varlistentry id="sprof">
  599. <term><command>sprof</command></term>
  600. <listitem>
  601. <para>Reads and displays shared object profiling data</para>
  602. <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc sprof">
  603. <primary sortas="b-sprof">sprof</primary>
  604. </indexterm>
  605. </listitem>
  606. </varlistentry>
  607. <varlistentry id="tzselect">
  608. <term><command>tzselect</command></term>
  609. <listitem>
  610. <para>Asks the user about the location of the system and reports
  611. the corresponding time zone description</para>
  612. <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc tzselect">
  613. <primary sortas="b-tzselect">tzselect</primary>
  614. </indexterm>
  615. </listitem>
  616. </varlistentry>
  617. <varlistentry id="xtrace">
  618. <term><command>xtrace</command></term>
  619. <listitem>
  620. <para>Traces the execution of a program by printing the currently
  621. executed function</para>
  622. <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc xtrace">
  623. <primary sortas="b-xtrace">xtrace</primary>
  624. </indexterm>
  625. </listitem>
  626. </varlistentry>
  627. <varlistentry id="zdump">
  628. <term><command>zdump</command></term>
  629. <listitem>
  630. <para>The time zone dumper</para>
  631. <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc zdump">
  632. <primary sortas="b-zdump">zdump</primary>
  633. </indexterm>
  634. </listitem>
  635. </varlistentry>
  636. <varlistentry id="zic">
  637. <term><command>zic</command></term>
  638. <listitem>
  639. <para>The time zone compiler</para>
  640. <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc zic">
  641. <primary sortas="b-zic">zic</primary>
  642. </indexterm>
  643. </listitem>
  644. </varlistentry>
  645. <varlistentry id="ld.so">
  646. <term><filename class="libraryfile">ld-&glibc-version;.so</filename></term>
  647. <listitem>
  648. <para>The helper program for shared library executables</para>
  649. <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc ld.so">
  650. <primary sortas="c-ld.so">ld-&glibc-version;.so</primary>
  651. </indexterm>
  652. </listitem>
  653. </varlistentry>
  654. <varlistentry id="libBrokenLocale">
  655. <term><filename class="libraryfile">libBrokenLocale</filename></term>
  656. <listitem>
  657. <para>Used internally by Glibc as a gross hack to get broken programs
  658. (e.g., some Motif applications) running. See comments in
  659. <filename>glibc-&glibc-version;/locale/broken_cur_max.c</filename>
  660. for more information</para>
  661. <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libBrokenLocale">
  662. <primary sortas="c-libBrokenLocale">libBrokenLocale</primary>
  663. </indexterm>
  664. </listitem>
  665. </varlistentry>
  666. <varlistentry id="libSegFault">
  667. <term><filename class="libraryfile">libSegFault</filename></term>
  668. <listitem>
  669. <para>The segmentation fault signal handler, used by
  670. <command>catchsegv</command></para>
  671. <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libSegFault">
  672. <primary sortas="c-libSegFault">libSegFault</primary>
  673. </indexterm>
  674. </listitem>
  675. </varlistentry>
  676. <varlistentry id="libanl">
  677. <term><filename class="libraryfile">libanl</filename></term>
  678. <listitem>
  679. <para>An asynchronous name lookup library</para>
  680. <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libanl">
  681. <primary sortas="c-libanl">libanl</primary>
  682. </indexterm>
  683. </listitem>
  684. </varlistentry>
  685. <varlistentry id="libc">
  686. <term><filename class="libraryfile">libc</filename></term>
  687. <listitem>
  688. <para>The main C library</para>
  689. <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libc">
  690. <primary sortas="c-libc">libc</primary>
  691. </indexterm>
  692. </listitem>
  693. </varlistentry>
  694. <varlistentry id="libcrypt">
  695. <term><filename class="libraryfile">libcrypt</filename></term>
  696. <listitem>
  697. <para>The cryptography library</para>
  698. <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libcrypt">
  699. <primary sortas="c-libcrypt">libcrypt</primary>
  700. </indexterm>
  701. </listitem>
  702. </varlistentry>
  703. <varlistentry id="libdl">
  704. <term><filename class="libraryfile">libdl</filename></term>
  705. <listitem>
  706. <para>The dynamic linking interface library</para>
  707. <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libdl">
  708. <primary sortas="c-libdl">libdl</primary>
  709. </indexterm>
  710. </listitem>
  711. </varlistentry>
  712. <varlistentry id="libg">
  713. <term><filename class="libraryfile">libg</filename></term>
  714. <listitem>
  715. <para>Dummy library containing no functions. Previously was a runtime
  716. library for <command>g++</command></para>
  717. <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libg">
  718. <primary sortas="c-libg">libg</primary>
  719. </indexterm>
  720. </listitem>
  721. </varlistentry>
  722. <varlistentry id="libm">
  723. <term><filename class="libraryfile">libm</filename></term>
  724. <listitem>
  725. <para>The mathematical library</para>
  726. <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libm">
  727. <primary sortas="c-libm">libm</primary>
  728. </indexterm>
  729. </listitem>
  730. </varlistentry>
  731. <varlistentry id="libmcheck">
  732. <term><filename class="libraryfile">libmcheck</filename></term>
  733. <listitem>
  734. <para>Turns on memory allocation checking when linked to</para>
  735. <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libmcheck">
  736. <primary sortas="c-libmcheck">libmcheck</primary>
  737. </indexterm>
  738. </listitem>
  739. </varlistentry>
  740. <varlistentry id="libmemusage">
  741. <term><filename class="libraryfile">libmemusage</filename></term>
  742. <listitem>
  743. <para>Used by <command>memusage</command> to help collect
  744. information about the memory usage of a program</para>
  745. <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libmemusage">
  746. <primary sortas="c-libmemusage">libmemusage</primary>
  747. </indexterm>
  748. </listitem>
  749. </varlistentry>
  750. <varlistentry id="libnsl">
  751. <term><filename class="libraryfile">libnsl</filename></term>
  752. <listitem>
  753. <para>The network services library</para>
  754. <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libnsl">
  755. <primary sortas="c-libnsl">libnsl</primary>
  756. </indexterm>
  757. </listitem>
  758. </varlistentry>
  759. <varlistentry id="libnss">
  760. <term><filename class="libraryfile">libnss</filename></term>
  761. <listitem>
  762. <para>The Name Service Switch libraries, containing functions for
  763. resolving host names, user names, group names, aliases, services,
  764. protocols, etc.</para>
  765. <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libnss">
  766. <primary sortas="c-libnss">libnss</primary>
  767. </indexterm>
  768. </listitem>
  769. </varlistentry>
  770. <varlistentry id="libpcprofile">
  771. <term><filename class="libraryfile">libpcprofile</filename></term>
  772. <listitem>
  773. <para>Can be preloaded to PC profile an executable</para>
  774. <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libpcprofile">
  775. <primary sortas="c-libpcprofile">libpcprofile</primary>
  776. </indexterm>
  777. </listitem>
  778. </varlistentry>
  779. <varlistentry id="libpthread">
  780. <term><filename class="libraryfile">libpthread</filename></term>
  781. <listitem>
  782. <para>The POSIX threads library</para>
  783. <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libpthread">
  784. <primary sortas="c-libpthread">libpthread</primary>
  785. </indexterm>
  786. </listitem>
  787. </varlistentry>
  788. <varlistentry id="libresolv">
  789. <term><filename class="libraryfile">libresolv</filename></term>
  790. <listitem>
  791. <para>Contains functions for creating, sending, and interpreting
  792. packets to the Internet domain name servers</para>
  793. <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libresolv">
  794. <primary sortas="c-libresolv">libresolv</primary>
  795. </indexterm>
  796. </listitem>
  797. </varlistentry>
  798. <varlistentry id="librt">
  799. <term><filename class="libraryfile">librt</filename></term>
  800. <listitem>
  801. <para>Contains functions providing most of the interfaces specified
  802. by the POSIX.1b Realtime Extension</para>
  803. <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc librt">
  804. <primary sortas="c-librt">librt</primary>
  805. </indexterm>
  806. </listitem>
  807. </varlistentry>
  808. <varlistentry id="libthread_db">
  809. <term><filename class="libraryfile">libthread_db</filename></term>
  810. <listitem>
  811. <para>Contains functions useful for building debuggers for
  812. multi-threaded programs</para>
  813. <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libthread_db">
  814. <primary sortas="c-libthread_db">libthread_db</primary>
  815. </indexterm>
  816. </listitem>
  817. </varlistentry>
  818. <varlistentry id="libutil">
  819. <term><filename class="libraryfile">libutil</filename></term>
  820. <listitem>
  821. <para>Contains code for <quote>standard</quote> functions used in
  822. many different Unix utilities</para>
  823. <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libutil">
  824. <primary sortas="c-libutil">libutil</primary>
  825. </indexterm>
  826. </listitem>
  827. </varlistentry>
  828. </variablelist>
  829. </sect2>
  830. </sect1>