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@@ -1,119 +0,0 @@
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-<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
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-<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.4//EN"
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- "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.4/docbookx.dtd" [
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- <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
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- %general-entities;
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-]>
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-
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-<sect1 id="ch-system-pwdgroup">
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- <?dbhtml filename="pwdgroup.html"?>
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-
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- <title>Creating the passwd, group, and log Files</title>
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-
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- <indexterm zone="ch-system-pwdgroup">
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- <primary sortas="e-/etc/passwd">/etc/passwd</primary>
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- </indexterm>
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-
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- <indexterm zone="ch-system-pwdgroup">
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- <primary sortas="e-/etc/group">/etc/group</primary>
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- </indexterm>
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-
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- <indexterm zone="ch-system-pwdgroup">
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- <primary sortas="e-/var/run/utmp">/var/run/utmp</primary>
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- </indexterm>
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-
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- <indexterm zone="ch-system-pwdgroup">
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- <primary sortas="e-/var/log/btmp">/var/log/btmp</primary>
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- </indexterm>
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-
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- <indexterm zone="ch-system-pwdgroup">
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- <primary sortas="e-/var/log/lastlog">/var/log/lastlog</primary>
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- </indexterm>
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-
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- <indexterm zone="ch-system-pwdgroup">
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- <primary sortas="e-/var/log/wtmp">/var/log/wtmp</primary>
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- </indexterm>
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-
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- <para>In order for user <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> to be
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- able to login and for the name <quote>root</quote> to be recognized, there
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- must be relevant entries in the <filename>/etc/passwd</filename> and
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- <filename>/etc/group</filename> files.</para>
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-
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- <para>Create the <filename>/etc/passwd</filename> file by running the following
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- command:</para>
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-
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-<screen><userinput>cat > /etc/passwd << "EOF"
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-<literal>root:x:0:0:root:/root:/bin/bash</literal>
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-EOF</userinput></screen>
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-
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- <para>The actual password for <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem>
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- (the <quote>x</quote> used here is just a placeholder) will be set later.</para>
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-
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- <para>Create the <filename>/etc/group</filename> file by running the following
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- command:</para>
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-
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-<screen><userinput>cat > /etc/group << "EOF"
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-<literal>root:x:0:
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-bin:x:1:
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-sys:x:2:
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-kmem:x:3:
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-tty:x:4:
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-tape:x:5:
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-daemon:x:6:
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-floppy:x:7:
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-disk:x:8:
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-lp:x:9:
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-dialout:x:10:
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-audio:x:11:
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-video:x:12:
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-utmp:x:13:
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-usb:x:14:
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-cdrom:x:15:</literal>
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-EOF</userinput></screen>
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-
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- <para>The created groups are not part of any standard—they are groups
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- decided on in part by the requirements of the Udev configuration in this
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- chapter, and in part by common convention employed by a number of existing
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- Linux distributions. The Linux Standard Base (LSB, available at <ulink
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- url="http://www.linuxbase.org"/>) recommends only that, besides the group
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- <systemitem class="groupname">root</systemitem> with a Group ID (GID) of 0,
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- a group <systemitem class="groupname">bin</systemitem> with a GID of 1 be
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- present. All other group names and GIDs can be chosen freely by the system
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- administrator since well-written programs do not depend on GID numbers, but
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- rather use the group's name.</para>
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-
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- <para>To remove the <quote>I have no name!</quote> prompt, start a new
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- shell. Since a full Glibc was installed in <xref
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- linkend="chapter-temporary-tools"/> and the
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- <filename>/etc/passwd</filename> and <filename>/etc/group</filename>
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- files have been created, user name and group name resolution will now
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- work.</para>
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-
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-<screen role="nodump"><userinput>exec /tools/bin/bash --login +h</userinput></screen>
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-
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- <para>Note the use of the <parameter>+h</parameter> directive. This tells
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- <command>bash</command> not to use its internal path hashing. Without this
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- directive, <command>bash</command> would remember the paths to binaries it has
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- executed. To ensure the use of the newly compiled binaries as soon as they are
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- installed, the <parameter>+h</parameter> directive will be used for the duration
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- of this chapter.</para>
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-
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- <para>The <command>login</command>, <command>agetty</command>, and
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- <command>init</command> programs (and others) use a number of log
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- files to record information such as who was logged into the system and
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- when. However, these programs will not write to the log files if they
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- do not already exist. Initialize the log files and give them
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- proper permissions:</para>
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-
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-<screen><userinput>touch /var/run/utmp /var/log/{btmp,lastlog,wtmp}
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-chgrp -v utmp /var/run/utmp /var/log/lastlog
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-chmod -v 664 /var/run/utmp /var/log/lastlog</userinput></screen>
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-
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- <para>The <filename>/var/run/utmp</filename> file records the users
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- that are currently logged in. The <filename>/var/log/wtmp</filename>
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- file records all logins and logouts. The
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- <filename>/var/log/lastlog</filename> file records when
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- each user last logged in. The <filename>/var/log/btmp</filename> file
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- records the bad login attempts.</para>
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-
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-</sect1>
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