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@@ -1,333 +1,284 @@
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-<chapter id="chapter-getting-materials" xreflabel="Chapter 4">
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-<title>The materials: packages and patches</title>
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+<chapter id="chapter-preparation" xreflabel="Chapter 4">
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+<title>Last preparations</title>
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<?dbhtml filename="chapter04.html" dir="chapter04"?>
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-<sect1 id="materials-introduction">
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-<title>Introduction</title>
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-<?dbhtml filename="introduction.html" dir="chapter04"?>
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-
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-<para>Below is a list of packages you need to download for building a basic
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-Linux system. The listed version numbers correspond to versions of the
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-software that are <emphasis>known</emphasis> to work, and this book is
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-based upon them. Unless you are an experienced LFS builder, we highly
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-recommend not to try out newer versions, as the build commands for one
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-version may not work with a newer version. Also, there is often a good
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-reason for not using the latest version due to known problems that haven't
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-been worked around yet.</para>
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-
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-<para>All the URLs, when possible, refer to the project's page at
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-<ulink url="http://www.freshmeat.net/"/>. The Freshmeat
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-pages will give you easy access to the official download sites as well as
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-project websites, mailing lists, FAQs, changelogs and more.</para>
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-
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-<para>We can't guarantee that these download locations are always available.
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-In case a download location has changed since this book was published, please
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-try to google for the package. Should you remain unsuccessful with this, you
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-can consult the book's errata page at <ulink url="&lfs-root;lfs/print/"/>
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-or, better yet, try one of the alternative means of downloading listed on
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-<ulink url="&lfs-root;lfs/packages.html"/>.</para>
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-
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-<para>You'll need to store all the downloaded packages and patches somewhere
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-that is conveniently available throughout the entire build. You'll also need a
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-working directory in which to unpack the sources and build them. A scheme that
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-works well is to use <filename>$LFS/sources</filename> as the place to store
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-the tarballs and patches, <emphasis>and</emphasis> as a working directory.
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-This way everything you need will be located on the LFS partition and available
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-during all stages of the building process.</para>
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-
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-<para>So you may want to execute, as <emphasis>root</emphasis>, the following
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-command before starting your download session:</para>
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-
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-<screen><userinput>mkdir $LFS/sources</userinput></screen>
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-
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-<para>And make this directory writable (and sticky) for your normal user -- as
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-you won't do the downloading as <emphasis>root</emphasis>, we guess:</para>
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-
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-<screen><userinput>chmod a+wt $LFS/sources</userinput></screen>
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-
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-<!--
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-<para>For your convenience the top of the list contains a link to a file
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-you can use with the <ulink url="http://wget.sunsite.dk">wget</ulink>
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-program. Using this file and the <command>wget</command> program will
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-make it easy to download all the files at once, rather than downloading each
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-and every individual file manually.</para>
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--->
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+<sect1 id="prepare-aboutlfs">
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+<title>About $LFS</title>
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+<?dbhtml filename="aboutlfs.html" dir="chapter04"?>
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-</sect1>
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-
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-
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-<sect1 id="materials-packages">
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-<title>All the packages</title>
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-<?dbhtml filename="packages.html" dir="chapter04"?>
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-
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-<para>Download or otherwise obtain the following packages:</para>
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-
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-<literallayout>
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-Autoconf (&autoconf-version;) - &autoconf-size;:
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-<ulink url="http://freshmeat.net/projects/autoconf/"/>
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-
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-Automake (&automake-version;) - &automake-size;:
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-<ulink url="http://freshmeat.net/projects/automake/"/>
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-
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-Bash (&bash-version;) - &bash-size;:
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-<ulink url="http://freshmeat.net/projects/gnubash/"/>
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-
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-Binutils (&binutils-version;) - &binutils-size;:
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-<ulink url="http://freshmeat.net/projects/binutils/"/>
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-
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-Bison (&bison-version;) - &bison-size;:
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-<ulink url="http://freshmeat.net/projects/bison/"/>
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-
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-Bzip2 (&bzip2-version;) - &bzip2-size;:
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-<ulink url="http://freshmeat.net/projects/bzip2/"/>
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-
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-Coreutils (&coreutils-version;) - &coreutils-size;:
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-<ulink url="http://freshmeat.net/projects/coreutils/"/>
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-
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-DejaGnu (&dejagnu-version;) - &dejagnu-size;:
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-<ulink url="http://freshmeat.net/projects/dejagnu/"/>
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-
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-Diffutils (&diffutils-version;) - &diffutils-size;:
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-<ulink url="http://freshmeat.net/projects/diffutils/"/>
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-
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-E2fsprogs (&e2fsprogs-version;) - &e2fsprogs-size;:
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-<ulink url="http://freshmeat.net/projects/e2fsprogs/"/>
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-
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-Ed (&ed-version;) - &ed-size;:
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-<ulink url="http://freshmeat.net/projects/ed/"/>
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-
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-Expect (&expect-version;) - &expect-size;:
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-<ulink url="http://freshmeat.net/projects/expect/"/>
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-
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-File (&file-version;) - &file-size;: -- <emphasis>(see Note 1 below)</emphasis>
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-<ulink url="http://freshmeat.net/projects/file/"/>
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-
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-Findutils (&findutils-version;) - &findutils-size;:
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-<ulink url="http://freshmeat.net/projects/findutils/"/>
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-
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-Flex (&flex-version;) - &flex-size;:
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-<ulink url="ftp://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/non-gnu/flex/"/>
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-
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-Gawk (&gawk-version;) - &gawk-size;:
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-<ulink url="http://freshmeat.net/projects/gnuawk/"/>
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-
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-GCC (&gcc-2953-version;) - &gcc-2953-size;:
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-<ulink url="http://freshmeat.net/projects/gcc/"/>
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-
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-GCC-core (&gcc-version;) - &gcc-core-size;:
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-<ulink url="http://freshmeat.net/projects/gcc/"/>
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-
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-GCC-g++ (&gcc-version;) - &gcc-gpp-size;:
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-<ulink url="http://freshmeat.net/projects/gcc/"/>
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+<para>Throughout this book the environment variable LFS will be used several
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+times. It is paramount that this variable is always defined. It should be set
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+to the mount point you chose for your LFS partition. Check that your LFS
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+variable is set up properly with:</para>
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-GCC-testsuite (&gcc-version;) - &gcc-testsuite-size;:
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-<ulink url="http://freshmeat.net/projects/gcc/"/>
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+<screen><userinput>echo $LFS</userinput></screen>
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-Gettext (&gettext-version;) - &gettext-size;:
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-<ulink url="http://freshmeat.net/projects/gettext/"/>
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+<para>Make sure the output shows the path to your LFS partition's mount
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+point, which is <filename class="directory">/mnt/lfs</filename> if you
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+followed our example. If the output is wrong, you can always set the variable
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+with:</para>
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-Glibc (&glibc-version;) - &glibc-size;: -- <emphasis>(see Note 2 below)</emphasis>
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-<ulink url="http://freshmeat.net/projects/glibc/"/>
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+<screen><userinput>export LFS=/mnt/lfs</userinput></screen>
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-Grep (&grep-version;) - &grep-size;:
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-<ulink url="http://freshmeat.net/projects/grep/"/>
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+<para>Having this variable set means that if you are told to run a command like
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+<userinput>mkdir $LFS/tools</userinput>, you can type it literally. Your shell
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+will replace "$LFS" with "/mnt/lfs" (or whatever you set the variable to) when
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+it processes the command line.</para>
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-Groff (&groff-version;) - &groff-size;:
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-<ulink url="http://freshmeat.net/projects/groff/"/>
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-
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-Grub (&grub-version;) - &grub-size;:
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-<ulink url="ftp://alpha.gnu.org/pub/gnu/grub/"/>
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-
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-Gzip (&gzip-version;) - &gzip-size;:
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-<ulink url="ftp://alpha.gnu.org/gnu/gzip/"/>
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-
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-Inetutils (&inetutils-version;) - &inetutils-size;:
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-<ulink url="http://freshmeat.net/projects/inetutils/"/>
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-
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-Kbd (&kbd-version;) - &kbd-size;:
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-<ulink url="http://freshmeat.net/projects/kbd/"/>
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-
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-Less (&less-version;) - &less-size;:
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-<ulink url="http://freshmeat.net/projects/less/"/>
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-
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-LFS-Bootscripts (&bootscripts-version;) - &bootscripts-size;:
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-<ulink url="&http-down;lfs-bootscripts-&bootscripts-version;.tar.bz2"/>
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-
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-Lfs-Utils (&lfs-utils-version;) - &lfs-utils-size;:
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-<ulink url="&lfs-root;~winkie/downloads/lfs-utils/"/>
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-
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-Libtool (&libtool-version;) - &libtool-size;:
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-<ulink url="http://freshmeat.net/projects/libtool/"/>
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-
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-Linux (&kernel-version;) - &kernel-size;:
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-<ulink url="http://freshmeat.net/projects/linux/"/>
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-
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-M4 (&m4-version;) - &m4-size;:
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-<ulink url="http://freshmeat.net/projects/gnum4/"/>
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+</sect1>
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-Make (&make-version;) - &make-size;:
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-<ulink url="http://freshmeat.net/projects/gnumake/"/>
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-Make_devices (&makedev-version;) - &makedev-size;:
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-<ulink url="&lfs-root;~alex/make_devices-&makedev-version;.bz2"/>
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+<sect1 id="prepare-creatingtoolsdir">
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+<title>Creating the $LFS/tools directory</title>
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+<?dbhtml filename="creatingtoolsdir.html" dir="chapter05"?>
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-Man (&man-version;) - &man-size;:
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-<ulink url="http://freshmeat.net/projects/man/"/>
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+<para>All programs compiled in this chapter will be installed under <filename
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+class="directory">$LFS/tools</filename> to keep them separate from the
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+programs compiled in the next chapter. The programs compiled here are only
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+temporary tools and won't be a part of the final LFS system and by keeping them
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+in a separate directory, we can later easily throw them away.</para>
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-Man-pages (&man-pages-version;) - &man-pages-size;:
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-<ulink url="http://freshmeat.net/projects/man-pages/"/>
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+<para>Later on you might wish to search through the binaries of your system to
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+see what files they make use of or link against. To make this searching easier
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+you may want to choose a unique name for the directory in which the temporary
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+tools are stored. Instead of the simple "tools" you could use something like
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+"tools-for-lfs". However, you'll need to be careful to adjust all references to
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+"tools" throughout the book -- including those in any patches, notably the
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+GCC Specs Patch.</para>
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-Modutils (&modutils-version;) - &modutils-size;:
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-<ulink url="http://freshmeat.net/projects/modutils/"/>
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+<para>Create the required directory by running the following:</para>
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-Ncurses (&ncurses-version;) - &ncurses-size;:
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-<ulink url="http://freshmeat.net/projects/ncurses/"/>
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+<screen><userinput>mkdir $LFS/tools</userinput></screen>
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-Net-tools (&net-tools-version;) - &net-tools-size;:
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-<ulink url="http://freshmeat.net/projects/net-tools/"/>
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+<para>The next step is to create a <filename>/tools</filename> symlink on
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+your host system. It will point to the directory we just created on the LFS
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+partition:</para>
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-Patch (&patch-version;) - &patch-size;:
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-<ulink url="http://freshmeat.net/projects/patch/"/>
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+<screen><userinput>ln -s $LFS/tools /</userinput></screen>
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-Perl (&perl-version;) - &perl-size;:
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-<ulink url="http://freshmeat.net/projects/perl/"/>
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+<note><para>The above command is correct. The <command>ln</command> command
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+has a few syntactic variations, so be sure to check the info page before
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+reporting what you may think is an error.</para></note>
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-Procinfo (&procinfo-version;) - &procinfo-size;:
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-<ulink url="http://freshmeat.net/projects/procinfo/"/>
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+<para>The created symlink enables us to compile our toolchain so that it always
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+refers to <filename>/tools</filename>, meaning that the compiler, assembler
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+and linker will work both in this chapter (when we are still using some tools
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+from the host) <emphasis>and</emphasis> in the next (when we are chrooted to
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+the LFS partition).</para>
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-Procps (&procps-version;) - &procps-size;:
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-<ulink url="http://freshmeat.net/projects/procps/"/>
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+</sect1>
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-Psmisc (&psmisc-version;) - &psmisc-size;:
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-<ulink url="http://freshmeat.net/projects/psmisc/"/>
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-Sed (&sed-version;) - &sed-size;:
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-<ulink url="http://freshmeat.net/projects/sed/"/>
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+<sect1 id="prepar-addinguser">
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+<title>Adding the user lfs</title>
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+<?dbhtml filename="addinguser.html" dir="chapter05"?>
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-Shadow (&shadow-version;) - &shadow-size;:
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-<ulink url="http://freshmeat.net/projects/shadow/"/>
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+<para>When logged in as <emphasis>root</emphasis>, making a single mistake
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+can damage or even wreck your system. Therefore we recommend that you
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+build the packages in this chapter as an unprivileged user. You could
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+of course use your own user name, but to make it easier to set up a clean
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+work environment we'll create a new user <emphasis>lfs</emphasis> and
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+use this one during the installation process. As <emphasis>root</emphasis>,
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+issue the following command to add the new user:</para>
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-Sysklogd (&sysklogd-version;) - &sysklogd-size;:
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-<ulink url="http://freshmeat.net/projects/sysklogd/"/>
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+<screen><userinput>useradd -s /bin/bash -m -k /dev/null lfs</userinput></screen>
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-Sysvinit (&sysvinit-version;) - &sysvinit-size;:
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-<ulink url="http://freshmeat.net/projects/sysvinit/"/>
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+<para>The meaning of the switches:</para>
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-Tar (&tar-version;) - &tar-size;:
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-<ulink url="ftp://alpha.gnu.org/gnu/tar/"/>
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+<itemizedlist>
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+<listitem><para><userinput>-s /bin/bash</userinput>: This makes
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+<userinput>bash</userinput> the default shell for user
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+<emphasis>lfs</emphasis>.</para></listitem>
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-Tcl (&tcl-version;) - &tcl-size;:
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-<ulink url="http://freshmeat.net/projects/tcltk/"/>
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+<listitem><para><userinput>-m -k /dev/null</userinput>: These create a home
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+directory for <emphasis>lfs</emphasis>, while preventing the files from a
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+possible <filename>/etc/skel</filename> being copied into it.</para></listitem>
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+</itemizedlist>
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-Texinfo (&texinfo-version;) - &texinfo-size;:
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-<ulink url="http://freshmeat.net/projects/texinfo/"/>
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+<para>If you want to be able to log in as <emphasis>lfs</emphasis>, then give
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+this new user a password:</para>
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-Util-linux (&util-linux-version;) - &util-linux-size;:
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-<ulink url="http://freshmeat.net/projects/util-linux/"/>
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+<screen><userinput>passwd lfs</userinput></screen>
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-Vim (&vim-version;) - &vim-size;:
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-<ulink url="http://freshmeat.net/projects/vim/"/>
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+<para>Now grant this new user <emphasis>lfs</emphasis> full access to
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+<filename class="directory">$LFS/tools</filename> by giving it ownership
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+of the directory:</para>
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-Zlib (&zlib-version;) - &zlib-size;:
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-<ulink url="http://freshmeat.net/projects/zlib/"/>
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+<screen><userinput>chown lfs $LFS/tools</userinput></screen>
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-Total size of these packages: &all-size-mb;
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-</literallayout>
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+<para>If you made a separate working directory as suggested, give user
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+<emphasis>lfs</emphasis> ownership of this directory too:</para>
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-<note><para>1) File (&file-version;) may not be available by the time you read
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-this. The site admins of the master download location are known to occasionally
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-remove old versions when new ones are released. Please refer to the
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-<xref linkend="ch-system-file"/> section for an alternate download
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-location.</para></note>
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+<screen><userinput>chown lfs $LFS/sources</userinput></screen>
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-<note><para>2) As of this writing, the Glibc maintainers have decided in their
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-wisdom not to make available new release tarballs for download. The only way to
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-obtain the current Glibc release from pristine upstream sources is to pull it
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-from the Glibc CVS repository. The following commands will download the current
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-release and make a tarball from it:</para>
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+<para>Next, login as user <emphasis>lfs</emphasis>. This can be done via a
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+virtual console, through a display manager, or with the following substitute
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+user command:</para>
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-<screen><userinput>cvs -z 9 -d :pserver:anoncvs@sources.redhat.com:/cvs/glibc \
|
|
|
- export -d &glibc-dir; -D "2003-12-02 UTC" libc
|
|
|
-tar jcvf &glibc-package; &glibc-dir;</userinput></screen>
|
|
|
+<screen><userinput>su - lfs</userinput></screen>
|
|
|
|
|
|
-<para>Alternatively, we've made our own tarball available which you can
|
|
|
-download courtesy of the generous LFS mirror sites. Please refer to the
|
|
|
-<xref linkend="ch-tools-glibc"/> section for the download links.</para></note>
|
|
|
+<para>The "<command>-</command>" instructs <command>su</command> to start a
|
|
|
+<emphasis>login</emphasis> shell.</para>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</sect1>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
-<sect1 id="materials-patches">
|
|
|
-<title>Needed patches</title>
|
|
|
-<?dbhtml filename="patches.html" dir="chapter04"?>
|
|
|
+<sect1 id="prepare-settingenvironment">
|
|
|
+<title>Setting up the environment</title>
|
|
|
+<?dbhtml filename="settingenvironment.html" dir="chapter05"?>
|
|
|
+
|
|
|
+<para>We're going to set up a good working environment by creating two new
|
|
|
+startup files for the <command>bash</command> shell. While logged in as
|
|
|
+user <emphasis>lfs</emphasis>, issue the following command to create a new
|
|
|
+<filename>.bash_profile</filename>:</para>
|
|
|
+
|
|
|
+<screen><userinput>cat > ~/.bash_profile << "EOF"</userinput>
|
|
|
+exec env -i HOME=$HOME TERM=$TERM PS1='\u:\w\$ ' /bin/bash
|
|
|
+<userinput>EOF</userinput></screen>
|
|
|
+
|
|
|
+<para>Normally, when you log on as user <emphasis>lfs</emphasis>,
|
|
|
+the initial shell is a <emphasis>login</emphasis> shell which reads the
|
|
|
+<filename>/etc/profile</filename> of your host (probably containing some
|
|
|
+settings of environment variables) and then <filename>.bash_profile</filename>.
|
|
|
+The <command>exec env -i ... /bin/bash</command> command in the latter file
|
|
|
+replaces the running shell with a new one with a completely empty environment,
|
|
|
+except for the HOME, TERM and PS1 variables. This ensures that no unwanted and
|
|
|
+potentially hazardous environment variables from the host system leak into our
|
|
|
+build environment. The technique used here is a little strange, but it achieves
|
|
|
+the goal of enforcing a clean environment.</para>
|
|
|
+
|
|
|
+<para>The new instance of the shell is a <emphasis>non-login</emphasis> shell,
|
|
|
+which doesn't read the <filename>/etc/profile</filename> or
|
|
|
+<filename>.bash_profile</filename> files, but reads the
|
|
|
+<filename>.bashrc</filename> file instead. Create this latter file now:</para>
|
|
|
+
|
|
|
+<screen><userinput>cat > ~/.bashrc << "EOF"</userinput>
|
|
|
+set +h
|
|
|
+umask 022
|
|
|
+LFS=/mnt/lfs
|
|
|
+LC_ALL=POSIX
|
|
|
+PATH=/tools/bin:/bin:/usr/bin
|
|
|
+export LFS LC_ALL PATH
|
|
|
+<userinput>EOF</userinput></screen>
|
|
|
+
|
|
|
+<para>The <command>set +h</command> command turns off
|
|
|
+<command>bash</command>'s hash function. Normally hashing is a useful
|
|
|
+feature: <command>bash</command> uses a hash table to remember the
|
|
|
+full pathnames of executable files to avoid searching the PATH time and time
|
|
|
+again to find the same executable. However, we'd like the new tools to be
|
|
|
+used as soon as they are installed. By switching off the hash function, our
|
|
|
+"interactive" commands (<command>make</command>,
|
|
|
+<command>patch</command>, <command>sed</command>,
|
|
|
+<command>cp</command> and so forth) will always use
|
|
|
+the newest available version during the build process.</para>
|
|
|
+
|
|
|
+<para>Setting the user file-creation mask to 022 ensures that newly created
|
|
|
+files and directories are only writable for their owner, but readable and
|
|
|
+executable for anyone.</para>
|
|
|
+
|
|
|
+<para>The LFS variable should of course be set to the mount point you
|
|
|
+chose.</para>
|
|
|
+
|
|
|
+<para>The LC_ALL variable controls the localization of certain programs,
|
|
|
+making their messages follow the conventions of a specified country. If your
|
|
|
+host system uses a version of Glibc older than 2.2.4,
|
|
|
+having LC_ALL set to something other than "POSIX" or "C" during this chapter
|
|
|
+may cause trouble if you exit the chroot environment and wish to return later.
|
|
|
+By setting LC_ALL to "POSIX" (or "C", the two are equivalent) we ensure that
|
|
|
+everything will work as expected in the chroot environment.</para>
|
|
|
+
|
|
|
+<para>We prepend <filename>/tools/bin</filename> to the standard PATH so
|
|
|
+that, as we move along through this chapter, the tools we build will get used
|
|
|
+during the rest of the building process.</para>
|
|
|
+
|
|
|
+<para>Finally, to have our environment fully prepared for building the
|
|
|
+temporary tools, source the just-created profile:</para>
|
|
|
+
|
|
|
+<screen><userinput>source ~/.bash_profile</userinput></screen>
|
|
|
|
|
|
-<para>Besides all those packages, you'll also need several patches. These
|
|
|
-correct tiny mistakes in the packages that should be fixed by the maintainer,
|
|
|
-or just make some small modifications to bend things our way. You'll need the
|
|
|
-following:</para>
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-<literallayout>
|
|
|
-Bash Patch - &bash-patch-size;:
|
|
|
-<ulink url="&patches-root;&bash-patch;"/>
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-Bison Attribute Patch - &bison-patch-size;:
|
|
|
-<ulink url="&patches-root;&bison-patch;"/>
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-Coreutils Hostname Patch - &coreutils-hostname-patch-size;:
|
|
|
-<ulink url="&patches-root;&coreutils-hostname-patch;"/>
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-Coreutils Posixver Patch - &coreutils-posixver-patch-size;:
|
|
|
-<ulink url="&patches-root;&coreutils-posixver-patch;"/>
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-Coreutils Uname Patch - &coreutils-uname-patch-size;:
|
|
|
-<ulink url="&patches-root;&coreutils-uname-patch;"/>
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-Ed Mkstemp Patch - &ed-patch-size;:
|
|
|
-<ulink url="&patches-root;&ed-patch;"/>
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-Expect Spawn Patch - &expect-patch-size;:
|
|
|
-<ulink url="&patches-root;&expect-patch;"/>
|
|
|
+</sect1>
|
|
|
|
|
|
-GCC No-Fixincludes Patch - &gcc-nofixincludes-patch-size;:
|
|
|
-<ulink url="&patches-root;&gcc-nofixincludes-patch;"/>
|
|
|
|
|
|
-GCC Specs Patch - &gcc-specs-patch-size;:
|
|
|
-<ulink url="&patches-root;&gcc-specs-patch;"/>
|
|
|
+<sect1 id="prepare-aboutsbus">
|
|
|
+<title>About SBUs</title>
|
|
|
+<?dbhtml filename="aboutsbus.html" dir="chapter04"?>
|
|
|
|
|
|
-GCC-2 Patch - &gcc-2953-patch-size;:
|
|
|
-<ulink url="&patches-root;&gcc-2953-patch;"/>
|
|
|
+<para>Most people would like to know beforehand how long it approximately
|
|
|
+takes to compile and install each package. But "Linux from Scratch" is built
|
|
|
+on so many different systems, it is not possible to give actual times that are
|
|
|
+anywhere near accurate: the biggest package (Glibc) won't take more than
|
|
|
+twenty minutes on the fastest systems, but will take something like three days
|
|
|
+on the slowest -- no kidding. So instead of giving actual times, we've come up
|
|
|
+with the idea of using the <emphasis>Static Binutils Unit</emphasis>
|
|
|
+(abbreviated to <emphasis>SBU</emphasis>).</para>
|
|
|
|
|
|
-GCC-2 No-Fixincludes Patch - &gcc-2953-no-fixinc-patch-size;:
|
|
|
-<ulink url="&patches-root;&gcc-2953-no-fixinc-patch;"/>
|
|
|
+<para>It works like this: the first package you compile in this book is the
|
|
|
+statically linked Binutils in <xref linkend="chapter-temporary-tools"/>, and the time it
|
|
|
+takes to compile this package is what we call the "Static Binutils Unit" or
|
|
|
+"SBU". All other compile times will be expressed relative to this time.</para>
|
|
|
|
|
|
-GCC-2 Return-Type Patch - &gcc-2953-returntype-fix-patch-size;:
|
|
|
-<ulink url="&patches-root;&gcc-2953-returntype-fix-patch;"/>
|
|
|
+<para>For example, the time it takes to build the static version of GCC is
|
|
|
+&gcc-time-tools-pass1;s. This means that if on your system it took 10 minutes
|
|
|
+to compile and install the static Binutils, then you know it will take
|
|
|
+approximately 45 minutes to build the static GCC. Fortunately, most build times
|
|
|
+are much shorter than the one of Binutils.</para>
|
|
|
|
|
|
-Inetutils No-Server-Man-Pages Patch - &inetutils-no-server-man-pages-patch-size;:
|
|
|
-<ulink url="&patches-root;&inetutils-no-server-man-pages-patch;"/>
|
|
|
+<para>Note that if the system compiler on your host is GCC-2 based, the SBUs
|
|
|
+listed may end up being somewhat understated. This is because the SBU is based
|
|
|
+on the very first package, compiled with the old GCC, while the rest of the
|
|
|
+system is compiled with the newer GCC-&gcc-version; which is known to be
|
|
|
+approximately 30% slower.</para>
|
|
|
|
|
|
-Kbd More-Programs Patch - &kbd-patch-size;:
|
|
|
-<ulink url="&patches-root;&kbd-patch;"/>
|
|
|
+<para>Also note that SBUs don't work well for SMP-based machines. But if you're
|
|
|
+so lucky as to have multiple processors, chances are that your system is so fast
|
|
|
+that you won't mind.</para>
|
|
|
|
|
|
-Man 80-Columns Patch - &man-80cols-patch-size;:
|
|
|
-<ulink url="&patches-root;&man-80cols-patch;"/>
|
|
|
+<para>If you wish to see actual timings for specific machines, have a look at
|
|
|
+<ulink url="&lfs-root;~bdubbs/"/>.</para>
|
|
|
|
|
|
-Net-tools Mii-Tool-Gcc33 Patch - &net-tools-mii-patch-size;:
|
|
|
-<ulink url="&patches-root;&net-tools-mii-patch;"/>
|
|
|
+</sect1>
|
|
|
|
|
|
-Perl Libc Patch - &perl-libc-patch-size;:
|
|
|
-<ulink url="&patches-root;&perl-libc-patch;"/>
|
|
|
-</literallayout>
|
|
|
|
|
|
-<para>In addition to the above required patches, there exist a number of
|
|
|
-optional ones created by the LFS community. Most of these solve slight
|
|
|
-problems, or enable some functionality that's not enabled by default.
|
|
|
-Feel free to examine the patches database, located at <ulink
|
|
|
-url="&lfs-root;patches/"/>, and pick any additional patches you wish to
|
|
|
-use.</para>
|
|
|
+<sect1 id="prepare-abouttestsuites">
|
|
|
+<title>About the test suites</title>
|
|
|
+<?dbhtml filename="abouttestsuites.html" dir="chapter04"?>
|
|
|
+
|
|
|
+<para>Most packages provide a test suite. Running the test suite for a newly
|
|
|
+built package is generally a good idea, as it can provide a nice sanity check
|
|
|
+that everything compiled correctly. A test suite that passes its set of checks
|
|
|
+usually proves that the package is functioning as the developer intended. It
|
|
|
+does not, however, guarantee that the package is totally bug free.</para>
|
|
|
+
|
|
|
+<para>Some test suites are more important than others. For example, the test
|
|
|
+suites for the core toolchain packages -- GCC, Binutils, and Glibc -- are of
|
|
|
+the utmost importance due to their central role in a properly functioning
|
|
|
+system. But be warned, the test suites for GCC and Glibc can take a very long
|
|
|
+time to complete, especially on slower hardware.</para>
|
|
|
+
|
|
|
+<note><para>Experience has shown us that there is little to be gained from running
|
|
|
+the test suites in <xref linkend="chapter-temporary-tools"/>. There can be no
|
|
|
+escaping the fact that the host system always exerts some influence on the
|
|
|
+tests in that chapter, often causing weird and inexplicable failures. Not only
|
|
|
+that, the tools built in <xref linkend="chapter-temporary-tools"/> are
|
|
|
+temporary and eventually discarded. For the average reader of this book we
|
|
|
+recommend <emphasis>not</emphasis> to run the test suites in <xref
|
|
|
+linkend="chapter-temporary-tools"/>. The instructions for running those test
|
|
|
+suites are still provided for the benefit of testers and developers, but they
|
|
|
+are strictly optional for everyone else.</para></note>
|
|
|
+
|
|
|
+<para>A common problem when running the test suites for Binutils and GCC is
|
|
|
+running out of pseudo terminals (PTYs for short). The symptom is a very high
|
|
|
+number of failing tests. This can happen for several reasons, but the most
|
|
|
+likely cause is that the host system doesn't have the
|
|
|
+<emphasis>devpts</emphasis> file system set up correctly. We'll discuss this in
|
|
|
+more detail later on in <xref linkend="chapter-temporary-tools"/>.</para>
|
|
|
+
|
|
|
+<para>Sometimes package test suites will give false failures. You can
|
|
|
+consult the LFS Wiki at <ulink url="&wiki-root;"/> to verify that these
|
|
|
+failures are normal. This applies to all tests throughout the book.</para>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</sect1>
|
|
|
|
|
|
-</chapter>
|
|
|
|
|
|
+</chapter>
|
Alex Gronenwoud