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<sect2>
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<title>Installation of Glibc</title>
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-<para>This package requires its patch to be applied before you can
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-install it.</para>
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-
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<para>Before starting to install glibc, you must cd into the
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glibc-&glibc-version; directory and unpack glibc-linuxthreads inside
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the glibc-&glibc-version; directory, not in /usr/src as you normally
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@@ -19,33 +16,54 @@ been warned.</para>
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<para>Basically, compiling Glibc in any other way than the book suggests
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is putting your system at very high risk.</para>
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-<para>Install Glibc by running the following commands:</para>
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+<para>We'll start by applying a patch to Glibc that fixes a few
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+things:</para>
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-<para><screen><userinput>patch -Np1 -i ../glibc-&glibc-patch-version;.patch &&
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-touch /etc/ld.so.conf &&
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-mkdir ../glibc-build &&
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-cd ../glibc-build &&
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-../glibc-&glibc-version;/configure --prefix=/usr --disable-profile \
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- --enable-add-ons --libexecdir=/usr/bin &&
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-echo "cross-compiling = no" > configparms &&
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-make &&
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-make install &&
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-make localedata/install-locales &&
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-exec /static/bin/bash --login</userinput></screen></para>
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+<itemizedlist>
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+<listitem><para>It converts all occurrences of <emphasis>$(PERL)</emphasis>
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+to <emphasis>/usr/bin/perl</emphasis> in the
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+<filename>malloc/Makefile</filename> file. This is done because Glibc
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+can't autodetect the location of perl because the Perl package hasn't been
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+installed yet.</para></listitem>
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-<para>An alternative to running <userinput>make
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-localedata/install-locales</userinput> is to only install those locales
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-which you need or want. This can be achieved using the localedef
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-command. Information on this can be found in the INSTALL
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-file in the glibc-&glibc-version; tree. One thing to note is that the
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-<userinput>localedef</userinput> program assumes that the <filename
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-class="directory">/usr/lib/locale</filename> directory exists, so you need
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-to create it first.</para>
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+<listitem><para>It replaces all occurrences of <emphasis>root</emphasis>
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+with <emphasis>0</emphasis> in the <filename>login/Makefile</filename>
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+file. This is done because Glibc itself isn't installed yet and therefore
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+username to userid resolving isn't working yet, so a
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+<userinput>chown root file</userinput> will fail, however it'll work fine
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+if you use the numeric IDs (such as <userinput>chown 0
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+file</userinput>).</para></listitem>
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+
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+<listitem><para>Lastly, the patch also fixes a problem that causes
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+statically linked binaries to crash that were linked against Glibc-2.2
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+libraries. This patch is only needed temporarily because we have static
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+programs in <filename class="directory">/static/bin</filename> that might
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+be linked against an older Glibc version (the one from the host
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+distribution). We will install Glibc again at the end of this chapter to
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+remove this patch so you'll have a pristine Glibc as the developers
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+intended it.</para></listitem>
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+</itemizedlist>
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+
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+<para><screen><userinput>patch -Np1 -i ../glibc-&glibc-patch-version;.patch</userinput></screen></para>
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+
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+<para>Glibc will check for the <filename>/etc/ld.so.conf</filename> file
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+and abort with an error if the file is missing, so we create it.</para>
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-<para>The Linux Threads man pages are not going to be installed at this
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-point because it requires a working Perl installation. We'll install Perl
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-later on in this chapter, and the man pages will be installed when Glibc is
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-installed for the second time at the end of this chapter.</para>
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+<para><screen><userinput>touch /etc/ld.so.conf</userinput></screen></para>
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+
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+<para>It is recommended by the Glibc installation documentation to build
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+Glibc outside of the source directory in a dedicated directory. Let's
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+create such a directory and make it our CWD (Current Working
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+Directory).</para>
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+
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+<para><screen><userinput>mkdir ../glibc-build &&
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+cd ../glibc-build &&</userinput></screen></para>
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+
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+<para>Next, configure Glibc.</para>
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+
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+<para><screen><userinput>../glibc-&glibc-version;/configure --prefix=/usr \
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+ --disable-profile --enable-add-ons \
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+ --libexecdir=/usr/bin</userinput></screen></para>
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<para>During the configure stage you will see the following warning:</para>
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@@ -63,5 +81,57 @@ you change the translation source files (the <filename>*.po</filename>
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files in the <filename class="directory">po</filename> subdirectory) which
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would require you to re-generate the binary files.</para>
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+<para>The meaning of the configure switches are:</para>
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+
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+<itemizedlist>
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+<listitem><para><userinput>--disable-profile:</userinput> This disables the
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+building of libraries with profiling information. This command may be
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+omitted if you plan to do profiling.</para></listitem>
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+
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+<listitem><para><userinput>--enable-add-ons:</userinput> This enables the
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+add-on that we install with Glibc, linuxthreads</para></listitem>
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+
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+<listitem><para><userinput>--libexecdir=/usr/bin:</userinput> This will
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+cause the pt_chown program to be installed in the /usr/bin
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+directory.</para></listitem>
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+</itemizedlist>
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+
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+<para>Because Glibc hasn't been installed yet, one of the tests that was
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+run by the configure script failed. This test is supposed to test gcc to
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+determine whether or not a cross-compiler is installed. However, Glibc
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+needs to be installed already to run this test. Since the test failed, the
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+configure script automatically assumed we do have a cross-compiler. So,
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+we have to override that assumption by explicitly telling Glibc we're not
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+cross-compiling.</para>
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+
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+<para><screen><userinput>echo "cross-compiling = no" > configparms</userinput></screen></para>
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+
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+<para>We'll continue with compiling and installing Glibc. The Linuxthreads man
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+pages are not going to be installed at this point because it requires a
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+working Perl installation. We'll install Perl later on in this chapter,
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+and the man pages will be installed when Glibc is installed for the second
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+time at the end of this chapter.</para>
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+
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+<para><screen><userinput>make &&
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+make install</userinput></screen></para>
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+
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+<para>Locales aren't installed by default so we install them now. Locales
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+are used by Glibc to make your Linux system talk in a different language
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+such as your native tongue.</para>
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+
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+<para><screen><userinput>make localedata/install-locales</userinput></screen></para>
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+
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+<para>An alternative to running <userinput>make
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+localedata/install-locales</userinput> is to only install those locales
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+which you need or want. This can be achieved using the localedef
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+command. Information on this can be found in the INSTALL
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+file in the glibc-&glibc-version; tree.</para>
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+
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+<para>To finish off the installation we'll reload Bash so it uses the new
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+libnss files. This will get rid of the <emphasis>I have no name!</emphasis>
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+message in the command prompt.</para>
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+
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+<para><screen><userinput>exec /static/bin/bash --login</userinput></screen></para>
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+
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</sect2>
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Gerard Beekmans