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  1. msgid ""
  2. msgstr ""
  3. "X-Pootle-Revision: 9999999\n"
  4. "X-Pootle-Path: /zh_CN/lfs/chapter09/profile.po\n"
  5. "Project-Id-Version: PACKAGE VERSION\n"
  6. "POT-Creation-Date: 2020-09-02 17:31+0800\n"
  7. "PO-Revision-Date: YEAR-MO-DA HO:MI+ZONE\n"
  8. "Last-Translator: FULL NAME <EMAIL@ADDRESS>\n"
  9. "Language-Team: LANGUAGE <LL@li.org>\n"
  10. "Language: zh_CN\n"
  11. "MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
  12. "Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
  13. "Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
  14. "X-Generator: Translate Toolkit 2.2.5\n"
  15. #. type: Content of: <sect1><title>
  16. msgid "The Bash Shell Startup Files"
  17. msgstr "Bash Shell 启动文件"
  18. #. type: Content of: <sect1><indexterm><primary>
  19. msgid "/etc/profile"
  20. msgstr "/etc/profile"
  21. #. type: Content of: <sect1><para>
  22. msgid ""
  23. "The shell program <command>/bin/bash</command> (hereafter referred to as "
  24. "<quote>the shell</quote>) uses a collection of startup files to help create "
  25. "an environment to run in. Each file has a specific use and may affect login "
  26. "and interactive environments differently. The files in the <filename class="
  27. "\"directory\">/etc</filename> directory provide global settings. If an "
  28. "equivalent file exists in the home directory, it may override the global "
  29. "settings."
  30. msgstr ""
  31. "Shell 程序 <command>/bin/bash</command> (之后简称 <quote>shell</quote>) 使用"
  32. "一组启动文件,以帮助创建运行环境。每个文件都有专门的用途,它们可能以不同方式"
  33. "影响登录和交互环境。<filename class=\"directory\">/etc</filename> 中的文件提"
  34. "供全局设定。如果在用户主目录中有对应的文件存在,它可能覆盖全局设定。"
  35. #. type: Content of: <sect1><para>
  36. msgid ""
  37. "An interactive login shell is started after a successful login, using "
  38. "<command>/bin/login</command>, by reading the <filename>/etc/passwd</"
  39. "filename> file. An interactive non-login shell is started at the command-"
  40. "line (e.g., <prompt>[prompt]$</prompt><command>/bin/bash</command>). A non-"
  41. "interactive shell is usually present when a shell script is running. It is "
  42. "non-interactive because it is processing a script and not waiting for user "
  43. "input between commands."
  44. msgstr ""
  45. "在成功登录后,<command>/bin/login</command> 读取 <filename>/etc/passwd</"
  46. "filename> 中的 shell 命令行,启动一个交互式登录 shell。通过命令行 (如 "
  47. "<prompt>[prompt]$</prompt><command>/bin/bash</command>) 启动的 shell 是交互式"
  48. "非登录 shell。非交互 shell 通常在运行 shell 脚本时存在,它处理脚本,在执行命"
  49. "令的过程中不等待用户输入,因此是非交互的。"
  50. #. type: Content of: <sect1><para>
  51. msgid ""
  52. "For more information, see <command>info bash</command> under the "
  53. "<emphasis>Bash Startup Files and Interactive Shells</emphasis> section."
  54. msgstr ""
  55. "阅读 <command>info bash</command> 中的 <emphasis>Bash Startup Files and "
  56. "Interactive Shells</emphasis> 一节,了解更多信息。"
  57. #. type: Content of: <sect1><para>
  58. msgid ""
  59. "The files <filename>/etc/profile</filename> and <filename>~/.bash_profile</"
  60. "filename> are read when the shell is invoked as an interactive login shell."
  61. msgstr ""
  62. "登录 shell 会读取文件 <filename>/etc/profile</filename> 和 <filename>~/."
  63. "bash_profile</filename>。"
  64. #. type: Content of: <sect1><para>
  65. msgid ""
  66. "The base <filename>/etc/profile</filename> below sets some environment "
  67. "variables necessary for native language support. Setting them properly "
  68. "results in:"
  69. msgstr ""
  70. "下面给出最基本的 <filename>/etc/profile</filename> 文件,它设定本地语言支持所"
  71. "需的一些环境变量。正确设定它们有以下好处:"
  72. #. type: Content of: <sect1><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
  73. msgid "The output of programs translated into the native language"
  74. msgstr "程序输出被翻译成本地语言"
  75. #. type: Content of: <sect1><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
  76. msgid ""
  77. "Correct classification of characters into letters, digits and other classes. "
  78. "This is necessary for <command>bash</command> to properly accept non-ASCII "
  79. "characters in command lines in non-English locales"
  80. msgstr ""
  81. "字符被正确分类为字母,数字,以及其他类型。在非英文 locale 中,这对于使 "
  82. "<command>bash</command> 正确接受命令行中的非 ASCII 字符是必要的。"
  83. #. type: Content of: <sect1><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
  84. msgid "The correct alphabetical sorting order for the country"
  85. msgstr "根据所在地区惯例排序字母"
  86. #. type: Content of: <sect1><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
  87. msgid "Appropriate default paper size"
  88. msgstr "适用于所在地区的默认纸张尺寸"
  89. #. type: Content of: <sect1><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
  90. msgid "Correct formatting of monetary, time, and date values"
  91. msgstr "正确格式化货币,时间,以及日期值"
  92. #. type: Content of: <sect1><para>
  93. msgid ""
  94. "Replace <replaceable>&lt;ll&gt;</replaceable> below with the two-letter code "
  95. "for the desired language (e.g., <quote>en</quote>) and <replaceable>&lt;"
  96. "CC&gt;</replaceable> with the two-letter code for the appropriate country (e."
  97. "g., <quote>GB</quote>). <replaceable>&lt;charmap&gt;</replaceable> should be "
  98. "replaced with the canonical charmap for your chosen locale. Optional "
  99. "modifiers such as <quote>@euro</quote> may also be present."
  100. msgstr ""
  101. "将下面的 <replaceable>&lt;ll&gt;</replaceable>替换为所需语言的双字符代号 (例"
  102. "如 <quote>en</quote>),<replaceable>&lt;CC&gt;</replaceable> 替换为国家或地区"
  103. "的双字符代号 (例如 <quote>GB</quote>),<replaceable>&lt;charmap&gt;</"
  104. "replaceable> 替换为您选定的 locale 的标准字符映射。另外,还可以加入 "
  105. "<quote>@euro</quote> 等可选修饰符。"
  106. #. type: Content of: <sect1><para>
  107. msgid ""
  108. "The list of all locales supported by Glibc can be obtained by running the "
  109. "following command:"
  110. msgstr "Glibc 支持的所有 locale 可以用以下命令列出:"
  111. #. type: Content of: <sect1><screen>
  112. #, no-wrap
  113. msgid "<userinput>locale -a</userinput>"
  114. msgstr "<userinput>locale -a</userinput>"
  115. #. type: Content of: <sect1><para>
  116. msgid ""
  117. "Charmaps can have a number of aliases, e.g., <quote>ISO-8859-1</quote> is "
  118. "also referred to as <quote>iso8859-1</quote> and <quote>iso88591</quote>. "
  119. "Some applications cannot handle the various synonyms correctly (e.g., "
  120. "require that <quote>UTF-8</quote> is written as <quote>UTF-8</quote>, not "
  121. "<quote>utf8</quote>), so it is safest in most cases to choose the canonical "
  122. "name for a particular locale. To determine the canonical name, run the "
  123. "following command, where <replaceable>&lt;locale name&gt;</replaceable> is "
  124. "the output given by <command>locale -a</command> for your preferred locale "
  125. "(<quote>en_GB.iso88591</quote> in our example)."
  126. msgstr ""
  127. "字符映射可能有多个别名,例如 <quote>ISO-8859-1</quote> 也可以称为 "
  128. "<quote>iso8859-1</quote> 或者 <quote>iso88591</quote>。某些程序不能正确处理一"
  129. "些别名 (例如,<quote>UTF-8</quote>必须写作<quote>UTF-8</quote>才能识别,而不"
  130. "能识别<quote>utf8</quote>),因此在多数情况下,为了保险起见,最好使用 locale "
  131. "的规范名称。为了确定规范名称,执行以下命令,将 <replaceable>&lt;locale 名&gt;"
  132. "</replaceable> 替换成 <command>locale -a</command> 对于您希望的 locale 的输"
  133. "出 (以 <quote>en_GB.iso88591</quote> 为例)。"
  134. #. type: Content of: <sect1><screen>
  135. #, no-wrap
  136. msgid "<userinput>LC_ALL=<replaceable>&lt;locale name&gt;</replaceable> locale charmap</userinput>"
  137. msgstr "<userinput>LC_ALL=<replaceable>&lt;locale 名&gt;</replaceable> locale charmap</userinput>"
  138. #. type: Content of: <sect1><para>
  139. msgid ""
  140. "For the <quote>en_GB.iso88591</quote> locale, the above command will print:"
  141. msgstr "对于 <quote>en_GB.iso88591</quote> locale,以上命令输出:"
  142. #. type: Content of: <sect1><screen>
  143. #, no-wrap
  144. msgid "<computeroutput>ISO-8859-1</computeroutput>"
  145. msgstr "<computeroutput>ISO-8859-1</computeroutput>"
  146. #. type: Content of: <sect1><para>
  147. msgid ""
  148. "This results in a final locale setting of <quote>en_GB.ISO-8859-1</quote>. "
  149. "It is important that the locale found using the heuristic above is tested "
  150. "prior to it being added to the Bash startup files:"
  151. msgstr ""
  152. "这样就最终确定 locale 应设置为 <quote>en_GB.ISO-8859-1</quote>。在将以上启发"
  153. "方法获得的 locale 添加到 Bash 启动文件之前,一定要进行下列测试:"
  154. #. type: Content of: <sect1><screen>
  155. #, no-wrap
  156. msgid ""
  157. "<userinput>LC_ALL=&lt;locale name&gt; locale language\n"
  158. "LC_ALL=&lt;locale name&gt; locale charmap\n"
  159. "LC_ALL=&lt;locale name&gt; locale int_curr_symbol\n"
  160. "LC_ALL=&lt;locale name&gt; locale int_prefix</userinput>"
  161. msgstr ""
  162. "<userinput>LC_ALL=&lt;locale 名&gt; locale language\n"
  163. "LC_ALL=&lt;locale 名&gt; locale charmap\n"
  164. "LC_ALL=&lt;locale 名&gt; locale int_curr_symbol\n"
  165. "LC_ALL=&lt;locale 名&gt; locale int_prefix</userinput>"
  166. #. type: Content of: <sect1><para>
  167. msgid ""
  168. "The above commands should print the language name, the character encoding "
  169. "used by the locale, the local currency, and the prefix to dial before the "
  170. "telephone number in order to get into the country. If any of the commands "
  171. "above fail with a message similar to the one shown below, this means that "
  172. "your locale was either not installed in <xref linkend=\"ch-system-glibc\"/> "
  173. "or is not supported by the default installation of Glibc."
  174. msgstr ""
  175. "以上命令应该输出语言名称,选定 locale 使用的字符编码,本地货币符号,以及所在"
  176. "国家或地区的国际电话区号。如果以上某个命令失败并输出类似下面这样的消息,意味"
  177. "着您的 locale 在<xref linkend=\"ch-system-glibc\"/>中没有安装,或者不被 "
  178. "Glibc 的默认安装支持。"
  179. #. type: Content of: <sect1><screen>
  180. #, no-wrap
  181. msgid "<computeroutput>locale: Cannot set LC_* to default locale: No such file or directory</computeroutput>"
  182. msgstr "<computeroutput>locale: Cannot set LC_* to default locale: No such file or directory</computeroutput>"
  183. #. type: Content of: <sect1><para>
  184. msgid ""
  185. "If this happens, you should either install the desired locale using the "
  186. "<command>localedef</command> command, or consider choosing a different "
  187. "locale. Further instructions assume that there are no such error messages "
  188. "from Glibc."
  189. msgstr ""
  190. "如果出现了这种消息,您应该用 <command>localedef</command> 命令安装所需的 "
  191. "locale,或重新选择一个不同的 locale。后文假设 Glibc 没有输出类似错误消息。"
  192. #. type: Content of: <sect1><para>
  193. msgid ""
  194. "Other packages can also function incorrectly (but may not necessarily "
  195. "display any error messages) if the locale name does not meet their "
  196. "expectations. In those cases, investigating how other Linux distributions "
  197. "support your locale might provide some useful information."
  198. msgstr ""
  199. "其他软件包在 locale 名不符合它们的期望时可能工作不正常(但未必输出错误消息)。"
  200. "在这种情况下,探索一下其他 Linux 发行版是如何支持您的 locale 的,可以得到一些"
  201. "有用的信息。"
  202. #. type: Content of: <sect1><para>
  203. msgid ""
  204. "Once the proper locale settings have been determined, create the <filename>/"
  205. "etc/profile</filename> file:"
  206. msgstr ""
  207. "在确定了正确的 locale 设置后,创建 <filename>/etc/profile</filename> 文件:"
  208. #. type: Content of: <sect1><screen>
  209. #, no-wrap
  210. msgid ""
  211. "<userinput>cat &gt; /etc/profile &lt;&lt; \"EOF\"\n"
  212. "<literal># Begin /etc/profile\n"
  213. "\n"
  214. "export LANG=<replaceable>&lt;ll&gt;_&lt;CC&gt;.&lt;charmap&gt;&lt;@modifiers&gt;</replaceable>\n"
  215. "\n"
  216. "# End /etc/profile</literal>\n"
  217. "EOF</userinput>"
  218. msgstr ""
  219. "<userinput>cat &gt; /etc/profile &lt;&lt; \"EOF\"\n"
  220. "<literal># Begin /etc/profile\n"
  221. "\n"
  222. "export LANG=<replaceable>&lt;ll&gt;_&lt;CC&gt;.&lt;charmap&gt;&lt;@modifiers&gt;</replaceable>\n"
  223. "\n"
  224. "# End /etc/profile</literal>\n"
  225. "EOF</userinput>"
  226. #. type: Content of: <sect1><para>
  227. msgid ""
  228. "The <quote>C</quote> (default) and <quote>en_US.utf8</quote> (the "
  229. "recommended one for United States English users) locales are different. "
  230. "<quote>C</quote> uses the US-ASCII 7-bit character set, and treats bytes "
  231. "with the high bit set as invalid characters. That's why, e.g., the "
  232. "<command>ls</command> command substitutes them with question marks in that "
  233. "locale. Also, an attempt to send mail with such characters from Mutt or Pine "
  234. "results in non-RFC-conforming messages being sent (the charset in the "
  235. "outgoing mail is indicated as <quote>unknown 8-bit</quote>). So you can use "
  236. "the <quote>C</quote> locale only if you are sure that you will never need 8-"
  237. "bit characters."
  238. msgstr ""
  239. "<quote>C</quote> (默认 locale) 和<quote>en_US</quote>(推荐美式英语用户使用的 "
  240. "locale) 是不同的。<quote>C</quote> locale 使用 US-ASCII 7 位字符集,并且将最"
  241. "高位为 1 的字节视为无效字符。因此,<command>ls</command> 等命令会将它们替换为"
  242. "问号。另外,如果试图用 Mutt 或 Pine 发送包含这些字符的邮件,会发出不符合 RFC "
  243. "标准的消息 (发出邮件的字符集会被标为<quote>未知 8 位</quote>)。因此,您只能在"
  244. "确信自己永远不会使用 8 位字符时才能使用<quote>C</quote> locale。"
  245. #. type: Content of: <sect1><para>
  246. msgid ""
  247. "UTF-8 based locales are not supported well by some programs. Work is in "
  248. "progress to document and, if possible, fix such problems, see <ulink url="
  249. "\"&blfs-book;introduction/locale-issues.html\"/>."
  250. msgstr ""
  251. "许多程序不能很好地支持基于 UTF-8 的 locale。我们正在努力记录并 (如果可能的"
  252. "话) 修复它们,参阅 <ulink url=\"&blfs-book;introduction/locale-issues.html\"/"
  253. ">。"