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shadow.po 33 KB

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  1. msgid ""
  2. msgstr ""
  3. "X-Pootle-Revision: 9999999\n"
  4. "X-Pootle-Path: /zh_CN/lfs/chapter08/shadow.po\n"
  5. "Project-Id-Version: PACKAGE VERSION\n"
  6. "POT-Creation-Date: 2020-08-08 19:28+0800\n"
  7. "PO-Revision-Date: YEAR-MO-DA HO:MI+ZONE\n"
  8. "Last-Translator: FULL NAME <EMAIL@ADDRESS>\n"
  9. "Language-Team: LANGUAGE <LL@li.org>\n"
  10. "Language: zh_CN\n"
  11. "MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
  12. "Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
  13. "Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
  14. "X-Generator: Translate Toolkit 2.2.5\n"
  15. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect1info><address>
  16. #, no-wrap
  17. msgid "&shadow-url;"
  18. msgstr "&shadow-url;"
  19. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect1info>
  20. msgid ""
  21. "<productname>shadow</productname> <productnumber>&shadow-version;</"
  22. "productnumber> <placeholder type=\"address\" id=\"0\"/>"
  23. msgstr ""
  24. "<productname>shadow</productname> <productnumber>&shadow-version;</"
  25. "productnumber> <placeholder type=\"address\" id=\"0\"/>"
  26. #. type: Content of: <sect1><title>
  27. msgid "Shadow-&shadow-version;"
  28. msgstr "Shadow-&shadow-version;"
  29. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><indexterm><primary>
  30. msgid "Shadow"
  31. msgstr "Shadow"
  32. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><para>
  33. msgid ""
  34. "The Shadow package contains programs for handling passwords in a secure way."
  35. msgstr "Shadow 软件包包含安全地处理密码的程序。"
  36. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><segmentedlist><segtitle>
  37. msgid "&buildtime;"
  38. msgstr "&buildtime;"
  39. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><segmentedlist><segtitle>
  40. msgid "&diskspace;"
  41. msgstr "&diskspace;"
  42. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><segmentedlist><seglistitem><seg>
  43. msgid "&shadow-fin-sbu;"
  44. msgstr "&shadow-fin-sbu;"
  45. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><segmentedlist><seglistitem><seg>
  46. msgid "&shadow-fin-du;"
  47. msgstr "&shadow-fin-du;"
  48. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><title>
  49. msgid "Installation of Shadow"
  50. msgstr "安装 Shadow"
  51. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><note><para>
  52. msgid ""
  53. "If you would like to enforce the use of strong passwords, refer to <ulink "
  54. "url=\"&blfs-book;postlfs/cracklib.html\"/> for installing CrackLib prior to "
  55. "building Shadow. Then add <parameter>--with-libcrack</parameter> to the "
  56. "<command>configure</command> command below."
  57. msgstr ""
  58. "如果您希望强制使用强密码,参考 <ulink url=\"&blfs-book;postlfs/cracklib.html"
  59. "\"/> 以在构建 Shadow 前安装 CrackLib。然后,将 <parameter>--with-libcrack</"
  60. "parameter> 添加到下面的 <command>configure</command> 命令中。"
  61. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><para>
  62. msgid ""
  63. "Disable the installation of the <command>groups</command> program and its "
  64. "man pages, as Coreutils provides a better version. Also, prevent the "
  65. "installation of manual pages that were already installed in <xref linkend="
  66. "\"ch-system-man-pages\"/>:"
  67. msgstr ""
  68. "禁止该软件包安装 <command>groups</command> 程序和它的 man 页面,因为 "
  69. "Coreutils 会提供更好的版本。同样,避免安装<xref linkend=\"ch-system-man-pages"
  70. "\"/>软件包已经提供的 man 页面:"
  71. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><screen>
  72. #, no-wrap
  73. msgid ""
  74. "<userinput remap=\"pre\">sed -i 's/groups$(EXEEXT) //' src/Makefile.in\n"
  75. "find man -name Makefile.in -exec sed -i 's/groups\\.1 / /' {} \\;\n"
  76. "find man -name Makefile.in -exec sed -i 's/getspnam\\.3 / /' {} \\;\n"
  77. "find man -name Makefile.in -exec sed -i 's/passwd\\.5 / /' {} \\;</userinput>"
  78. msgstr ""
  79. "<userinput remap=\"pre\">sed -i 's/groups$(EXEEXT) //' src/Makefile.in\n"
  80. "find man -name Makefile.in -exec sed -i 's/groups\\.1 / /' {} \\;\n"
  81. "find man -name Makefile.in -exec sed -i 's/getspnam\\.3 / /' {} \\;\n"
  82. "find man -name Makefile.in -exec sed -i 's/passwd\\.5 / /' {} \\;</userinput>"
  83. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><para>
  84. msgid ""
  85. "Instead of using the default <emphasis>crypt</emphasis> method, use the more "
  86. "secure <emphasis>SHA-512</emphasis> method of password encryption, which "
  87. "also allows passwords longer than 8 characters. It is also necessary to "
  88. "change the obsolete <filename class=\"directory\">/var/spool/mail</filename> "
  89. "location for user mailboxes that Shadow uses by default to the <filename "
  90. "class=\"directory\">/var/mail</filename> location used currently:"
  91. msgstr ""
  92. "不使用默认的 <emphasis>crypt</emphasis> 加密方法,使用更安全的 "
  93. "<emphasis>SHA-512</emphasis> 方法加密密码,该方法也允许长度超过 8 个字符的密"
  94. "码。另外,还需要把过时的用户邮箱位置 <filename class=\"directory\">/var/"
  95. "spool/mail</filename> 改为当前普遍使用的 <filename class=\"directory\">/var/"
  96. "mail</filename> 目录:"
  97. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><screen>
  98. #, no-wrap
  99. msgid ""
  100. "<userinput remap=\"pre\">sed -e 's:#ENCRYPT_METHOD DES:ENCRYPT_METHOD SHA512:' \\\n"
  101. " -e 's:/var/spool/mail:/var/mail:' \\\n"
  102. " -i etc/login.defs</userinput>"
  103. msgstr ""
  104. "<userinput remap=\"pre\">sed -e 's:#ENCRYPT_METHOD DES:ENCRYPT_METHOD SHA512:' \\\n"
  105. " -e 's:/var/spool/mail:/var/mail:' \\\n"
  106. " -i etc/login.defs</userinput>"
  107. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><note><para>
  108. msgid "If you chose to build Shadow with Cracklib support, run the following:"
  109. msgstr "如果您选择构建有 Cracklib 支持的 Shadow,执行以下命令:"
  110. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><note><screen>
  111. #, no-wrap
  112. msgid "<userinput>sed -i 's:DICTPATH.*:DICTPATH\\t/lib/cracklib/pw_dict:' etc/login.defs</userinput>"
  113. msgstr "<userinput>sed -i 's:DICTPATH.*:DICTPATH\\t/lib/cracklib/pw_dict:' etc/login.defs</userinput>"
  114. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><para>
  115. msgid ""
  116. "Make a minor change to make the first group number generated by useradd 1000:"
  117. msgstr "进行微小的改动,使 useradd 使用 1000 作为第一个组编号:"
  118. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><screen>
  119. #, no-wrap
  120. msgid "<userinput remap=\"pre\">sed -i 's/1000/999/' etc/useradd</userinput>"
  121. msgstr "<userinput remap=\"pre\">sed -i 's/1000/999/' etc/useradd</userinput>"
  122. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><para>
  123. msgid "Prepare Shadow for compilation:"
  124. msgstr "准备编译 Shadow:"
  125. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><screen>
  126. #, no-wrap
  127. msgid ""
  128. "<userinput remap=\"configure\">touch /usr/bin/passwd\n"
  129. "./configure --sysconfdir=/etc \\\n"
  130. " --with-group-name-max-length=32</userinput>"
  131. msgstr ""
  132. "<userinput remap=\"configure\">touch /usr/bin/passwd\n"
  133. "./configure --sysconfdir=/etc \\\n"
  134. " --with-group-name-max-length=32</userinput>"
  135. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><title>
  136. msgid "The meaning of the configure option:"
  137. msgstr "配置选项的含义:"
  138. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
  139. msgid "<command>touch /usr/bin/passwd</command>"
  140. msgstr "<command>touch /usr/bin/passwd</command>"
  141. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
  142. msgid ""
  143. "The file <filename>/usr/bin/passwd</filename> needs to exist because its "
  144. "location is harcoded in some programs, and the default location if it does "
  145. "not exist is not right."
  146. msgstr ""
  147. "我们需要保证 <filename>/usr/bin/passwd</filename> 存在,因为它的位置会被硬编"
  148. "码到一些程序中,如果它不存在的话,会使用错误的默认位置。"
  149. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
  150. msgid "<parameter>--with-group-name-max-length=32</parameter>"
  151. msgstr "<parameter>--with-group-name-max-length=32</parameter>"
  152. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
  153. msgid ""
  154. "The maximum user name is 32 characters. Make the maximum group name the "
  155. "same."
  156. msgstr "最长用户名可以有 32 个字符。设定组名称最大长度为相同值。"
  157. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><para>
  158. msgid "Compile the package:"
  159. msgstr "编译该软件包:"
  160. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><screen>
  161. #, no-wrap
  162. msgid "<userinput remap=\"make\">make</userinput>"
  163. msgstr "<userinput remap=\"make\">make</userinput>"
  164. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><para>
  165. msgid "This package does not come with a test suite."
  166. msgstr "该软件包不包含测试套件。"
  167. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><para>
  168. msgid "Install the package:"
  169. msgstr "安装该软件包:"
  170. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><screen>
  171. #, no-wrap
  172. msgid "<userinput remap=\"install\">make install</userinput>"
  173. msgstr "<userinput remap=\"install\">make install</userinput>"
  174. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><title>
  175. msgid "Configuring Shadow"
  176. msgstr "配置 Shadow"
  177. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><indexterm><secondary>
  178. msgid "configuring"
  179. msgstr "配置"
  180. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><para>
  181. msgid ""
  182. "This package contains utilities to add, modify, and delete users and groups; "
  183. "set and change their passwords; and perform other administrative tasks. For "
  184. "a full explanation of what <emphasis>password shadowing</emphasis> means, "
  185. "see the <filename>doc/HOWTO</filename> file within the unpacked source tree. "
  186. "If using Shadow support, keep in mind that programs which need to verify "
  187. "passwords (display managers, FTP programs, pop3 daemons, etc.) must be "
  188. "Shadow-compliant. That is, they need to be able to work with shadowed "
  189. "passwords."
  190. msgstr ""
  191. "该软件包包含用于添加、修改、删除用户和组,设定和修改它们的密码,以及进行其他"
  192. "管理任务的工具。如果希望查阅关于 <emphasis>password shadowing</emphasis> 的详"
  193. "细解释,阅读解压得到源代码目录树中的 <filename>doc/HOWTO</filename> 文件。如"
  194. "果使用 Shadow 支持,请注意所有需要验证密码的程序 (如显示管理器、FTP 程序、"
  195. "pop3 守护进程等) 都必须和 Shadow 兼容。换句话说,它们必须能使用 Shadow 加密"
  196. "的密码。"
  197. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><para>
  198. msgid "To enable shadowed passwords, run the following command:"
  199. msgstr "如果要对用户密码启用 Shadow 加密,执行以下命令:"
  200. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><screen>
  201. #, no-wrap
  202. msgid "<userinput>pwconv</userinput>"
  203. msgstr "<userinput>pwconv</userinput>"
  204. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><para>
  205. msgid "To enable shadowed group passwords, run:"
  206. msgstr "如果要对组密码启用 Shadow 加密,执行:"
  207. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><screen>
  208. #, no-wrap
  209. msgid "<userinput>grpconv</userinput>"
  210. msgstr "<userinput>grpconv</userinput>"
  211. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><para>
  212. msgid ""
  213. "Shadow's stock configuration for the <command>useradd</command> utility has "
  214. "a few caveats that need some explanation. First, the default action for the "
  215. "<command>useradd</command> utility is to create the user and a group of the "
  216. "same name as the user. By default the user ID (UID) and group ID (GID) "
  217. "numbers will begin with 1000. This means if you don't pass parameters to "
  218. "<command>useradd</command>, each user will be a member of a unique group on "
  219. "the system. If this behavior is undesirable, you'll need to pass the "
  220. "<parameter>-g</parameter> parameter to <command>useradd</command>. The "
  221. "default parameters are stored in the <filename>/etc/default/useradd</"
  222. "filename> file. You may need to modify two parameters in this file to suit "
  223. "your particular needs."
  224. msgstr ""
  225. "Shadow 附带的 <command>useradd</command> 配置文件有一些需要解释的事项。首先,"
  226. "<command>useradd</command> 的默认操作是创建一个用户,以及一个名字和用户名相同"
  227. "的组。默认情况下,用户 ID (UID) 和组 ID (GID) 会从 1000 开始。这意味着,如果"
  228. "您不向 <command>useradd</command> 传递参数,每个用户都会属于一个不同的组。如"
  229. "果您不希望这样,就要传递 <parameter>-g</parameter> 参数给 <command>useradd</"
  230. "command>。默认参数保存在 <filename>/etc/default/useradd</filename> 文件中。您"
  231. "可以编辑其中的两个参数,以满足您的特定需求。"
  232. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><title>
  233. msgid "<filename>/etc/default/useradd</filename> Parameter Explanations"
  234. msgstr "<filename>/etc/default/useradd</filename> 参数解释"
  235. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
  236. msgid "<parameter>GROUP=1000</parameter>"
  237. msgstr "<parameter>GROUP=1000</parameter>"
  238. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
  239. msgid ""
  240. "This parameter sets the beginning of the group numbers used in the /etc/"
  241. "group file. You can modify it to anything you desire. Note that "
  242. "<command>useradd</command> will never reuse a UID or GID. If the number "
  243. "identified in this parameter is used, it will use the next available number "
  244. "after this. Note also that if you don't have a group 1000 on your system the "
  245. "first time you use <command>useradd</command> without the <parameter>-g</"
  246. "parameter> parameter, you'll get a message displayed on the terminal that "
  247. "says: <computeroutput>useradd: unknown GID 1000</computeroutput>. You may "
  248. "disregard this message and group number 1000 will be used."
  249. msgstr ""
  250. "该参数设定 /etc/group 文件中使用的第一个组编号。您可以将它修改为您希望的任何"
  251. "值。注意,<command>useradd</command> 绝不会重用 UID 或 GID。如果该参数指定的"
  252. "数字已经被使用了,它就会使用下一个可用的数字。另外,如果您第一次使用 "
  253. "<command>useradd</command> 时没有编号 1000 的组,也没有使用 <parameter>-g</"
  254. "parameter> 选项,您就会在终端看到一条消息:<computeroutput>useradd: unknown "
  255. "GID 1000</computeroutput>。您可以忽略这条消息,它会使用组编号 1000。"
  256. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
  257. msgid "<parameter>CREATE_MAIL_SPOOL=yes</parameter>"
  258. msgstr "<parameter>CREATE_MAIL_SPOOL=yes</parameter>"
  259. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
  260. msgid ""
  261. "This parameter causes <command>useradd</command> to create a mailbox file "
  262. "for the newly created user. <command>useradd</command> will make the group "
  263. "ownership of this file to the <systemitem class=\"groupname\">mail</"
  264. "systemitem> group with 0660 permissions. If you would prefer that these "
  265. "mailbox files are not created by <command>useradd</command>, issue the "
  266. "following command:"
  267. msgstr ""
  268. "该参数使得 <command>useradd</command> 为新创建的用户建立邮箱文件。"
  269. "<command>useradd</command> 会使得 <systemitem class=\"groupname\">mail</"
  270. "systemitem> 为邮箱文件属组,并为邮箱文件赋予 0660 权限码。如果您不希望 "
  271. "<command>useradd</command> 创建这些邮箱文件,执行以下命令:"
  272. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><screen>
  273. #, no-wrap
  274. msgid "<userinput>sed -i 's/yes/no/' /etc/default/useradd</userinput>"
  275. msgstr "<userinput>sed -i 's/yes/no/' /etc/default/useradd</userinput>"
  276. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><title>
  277. msgid "Setting the root password"
  278. msgstr "设定 root 密码"
  279. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><para>
  280. msgid ""
  281. "Choose a password for user <emphasis>root</emphasis> and set it by running:"
  282. msgstr "为用户 <emphasis>root</emphasis> 选择一个密码,并执行以下命令设定它:"
  283. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><screen>
  284. #, no-wrap
  285. msgid "<userinput>passwd root</userinput>"
  286. msgstr "<userinput>passwd root</userinput>"
  287. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><title>
  288. msgid "Contents of Shadow"
  289. msgstr "Shadow 的内容"
  290. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><segmentedlist><segtitle>
  291. msgid "Installed programs"
  292. msgstr "安装的程序"
  293. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><segmentedlist><segtitle>
  294. msgid "Installed directory"
  295. msgstr "安装的目录"
  296. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><segmentedlist><seglistitem><seg>
  297. msgid ""
  298. "chage, chfn, chgpasswd, chpasswd, chsh, expiry, faillog, gpasswd, groupadd, "
  299. "groupdel, groupmems, groupmod, grpck, grpconv, grpunconv, lastlog, login, "
  300. "logoutd, newgidmap, newgrp, newuidmap, newusers, nologin, passwd, pwck, "
  301. "pwconv, pwunconv, sg (link to newgrp), su, useradd, userdel, usermod, vigr "
  302. "(link to vipw), and vipw"
  303. msgstr ""
  304. "chage, chfn, chgpasswd, chpasswd, chsh, expiry, faillog, gpasswd, groupadd, "
  305. "groupdel, groupmems, groupmod, grpck, grpconv, grpunconv, lastlog, login, "
  306. "logoutd, newgidmap, newgrp, newuidmap, newusers, nologin, passwd, pwck, "
  307. "pwconv, pwunconv, sg (到 newgrp 的链接), su, useradd, userdel, usermod, vigr "
  308. "(到 vipw 的链接), 以及 vipw"
  309. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><segmentedlist><seglistitem><seg>
  310. msgid "/etc/default"
  311. msgstr "/etc/default"
  312. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><bridgehead>
  313. msgid "Short Descriptions"
  314. msgstr "简要描述"
  315. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist>
  316. msgid ""
  317. "<?dbfo list-presentation=\"list\"?> <?dbhtml list-presentation=\"table\"?>"
  318. msgstr ""
  319. "<?dbfo list-presentation=\"list\"?> <?dbhtml list-presentation=\"table\"?>"
  320. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
  321. msgid "<command>chage</command>"
  322. msgstr "<command>chage</command>"
  323. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
  324. msgid ""
  325. "Used to change the maximum number of days between obligatory password changes"
  326. msgstr "用于修改强制性密码更新的最大天数"
  327. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><indexterm><primary>
  328. msgid "chage"
  329. msgstr "chage"
  330. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
  331. msgid "<command>chfn</command>"
  332. msgstr "<command>chfn</command>"
  333. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
  334. msgid "Used to change a user's full name and other information"
  335. msgstr "用于修改用户全名和其他信息"
  336. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><indexterm><primary>
  337. msgid "chfn"
  338. msgstr "chfn"
  339. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
  340. msgid "<command>chgpasswd</command>"
  341. msgstr "<command>chgpasswd</command>"
  342. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
  343. msgid "Used to update group passwords in batch mode"
  344. msgstr "用于批量更新组密码"
  345. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><indexterm><primary>
  346. msgid "chgpasswd"
  347. msgstr "chgpasswd"
  348. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
  349. msgid "<command>chpasswd</command>"
  350. msgstr "<command>chpasswd</command>"
  351. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
  352. msgid "Used to update user passwords in batch mode"
  353. msgstr "用于批量更新用户密码"
  354. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><indexterm><primary>
  355. msgid "chpasswd"
  356. msgstr "chpasswd"
  357. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
  358. msgid "<command>chsh</command>"
  359. msgstr "<command>chsh</command>"
  360. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
  361. msgid "Used to change a user's default login shell"
  362. msgstr "用于改变用户的默认登录 shell"
  363. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><indexterm><primary>
  364. msgid "chsh"
  365. msgstr "chsh"
  366. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
  367. msgid "<command>expiry</command>"
  368. msgstr "<command>expiry</command>"
  369. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
  370. msgid "Checks and enforces the current password expiration policy"
  371. msgstr "检查并强制保证当前密码过期策略"
  372. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><indexterm><primary>
  373. msgid "expiry"
  374. msgstr "expiry"
  375. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
  376. msgid "<command>faillog</command>"
  377. msgstr "<command>faillog</command>"
  378. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
  379. msgid ""
  380. "Is used to examine the log of login failures, to set a maximum number of "
  381. "failures before an account is blocked, or to reset the failure count"
  382. msgstr "检查失败登录日志,设定锁定账户的最大失败次数,或重置失败次数"
  383. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><indexterm><primary>
  384. msgid "faillog"
  385. msgstr "faillog"
  386. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
  387. msgid "<command>gpasswd</command>"
  388. msgstr "<command>gpasswd</command>"
  389. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
  390. msgid "Is used to add and delete members and administrators to groups"
  391. msgstr "用于增加或删除组的用户和管理员"
  392. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><indexterm><primary>
  393. msgid "gpasswd"
  394. msgstr "gpasswd"
  395. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
  396. msgid "<command>groupadd</command>"
  397. msgstr "<command>groupadd</command>"
  398. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
  399. msgid "Creates a group with the given name"
  400. msgstr "以指定名称创建组"
  401. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><indexterm><primary>
  402. msgid "groupadd"
  403. msgstr "groupadd"
  404. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
  405. msgid "<command>groupdel</command>"
  406. msgstr "<command>groupdel</command>"
  407. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
  408. msgid "Deletes the group with the given name"
  409. msgstr "删除指定的组"
  410. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><indexterm><primary>
  411. msgid "groupdel"
  412. msgstr "groupdel"
  413. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
  414. msgid "<command>groupmems</command>"
  415. msgstr "<command>groupmems</command>"
  416. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
  417. msgid ""
  418. "Allows a user to administer his/her own group membership list without the "
  419. "requirement of super user privileges."
  420. msgstr "允许用户在不需要超级用户权限的情况下,管理自己的组成员列表"
  421. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><indexterm><primary>
  422. msgid "groupmems"
  423. msgstr "groupmems"
  424. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
  425. msgid "<command>groupmod</command>"
  426. msgstr "<command>groupmod</command>"
  427. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
  428. msgid "Is used to modify the given group's name or GID"
  429. msgstr "用于修改给定的组名称或 GID"
  430. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><indexterm><primary>
  431. msgid "groupmod"
  432. msgstr "groupmod"
  433. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
  434. msgid "<command>grpck</command>"
  435. msgstr "<command>grpck</command>"
  436. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
  437. msgid ""
  438. "Verifies the integrity of the group files <filename>/etc/group</filename> "
  439. "and <filename>/etc/gshadow</filename>"
  440. msgstr ""
  441. "验证组文件 <filename>/etc/group</filename> 和 <filename>/etc/gshadow</"
  442. "filename> 的完整性"
  443. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><indexterm><primary>
  444. msgid "grpck"
  445. msgstr "grpck"
  446. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
  447. msgid "<command>grpconv</command>"
  448. msgstr "<command>grpconv</command>"
  449. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
  450. msgid "Creates or updates the shadow group file from the normal group file"
  451. msgstr "根据普通组文件创建或更新加密组文件"
  452. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><indexterm><primary>
  453. msgid "grpconv"
  454. msgstr "grpconv"
  455. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
  456. msgid "<command>grpunconv</command>"
  457. msgstr "<command>grpunconv</command>"
  458. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
  459. msgid ""
  460. "Updates <filename>/etc/group</filename> from <filename>/etc/gshadow</"
  461. "filename> and then deletes the latter"
  462. msgstr ""
  463. "根据 <filename>/etc/gshadow</filename> 文件更新 <filename>/etc/group</"
  464. "filename> 文件,并删除前者"
  465. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><indexterm><primary>
  466. msgid "grpunconv"
  467. msgstr "grpunconv"
  468. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
  469. msgid "<command>lastlog</command>"
  470. msgstr "<command>lastlog</command>"
  471. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
  472. msgid "Reports the most recent login of all users or of a given user"
  473. msgstr "报告所有用户或给定用户最后一次登录的信息"
  474. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><indexterm><primary>
  475. msgid "lastlog"
  476. msgstr "lastlog"
  477. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
  478. msgid "<command>login</command>"
  479. msgstr "<command>login</command>"
  480. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
  481. msgid "Is used by the system to let users sign on"
  482. msgstr "被系统用于允许用户登录"
  483. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><indexterm><primary>
  484. msgid "login"
  485. msgstr "login"
  486. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
  487. msgid "<command>logoutd</command>"
  488. msgstr "<command>logoutd</command>"
  489. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
  490. msgid "Is a daemon used to enforce restrictions on log-on time and ports"
  491. msgstr "是一个限制登录时间和端口的守护进程"
  492. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><indexterm><primary>
  493. msgid "logoutd"
  494. msgstr "logoutd"
  495. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
  496. msgid "<command>newgidmap</command>"
  497. msgstr "<command>newgidmap</command>"
  498. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
  499. msgid "Is used to set the gid mapping of a user namespace"
  500. msgstr "用于设定用户命名空间的 gid 映射"
  501. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><indexterm><primary>
  502. msgid "newgidmap"
  503. msgstr "newgidmap"
  504. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
  505. msgid "<command>newgrp</command>"
  506. msgstr "<command>newgrp</command>"
  507. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
  508. msgid "Is used to change the current GID during a login session"
  509. msgstr "用于在登录会话中修改当前 GID"
  510. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><indexterm><primary>
  511. msgid "newgrp"
  512. msgstr "newgrp"
  513. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
  514. msgid "<command>newuidmap</command>"
  515. msgstr "<command>newuidmap</command>"
  516. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
  517. msgid "Is used to set the uid mapping of a user namespace"
  518. msgstr "用于设定用户命名空间的 uid 映射"
  519. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><indexterm><primary>
  520. msgid "newuidmap"
  521. msgstr "newuidmap"
  522. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
  523. msgid "<command>newusers</command>"
  524. msgstr "<command>newusers</command>"
  525. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
  526. msgid "Is used to create or update an entire series of user accounts"
  527. msgstr "用于批量创建或更新用户账户"
  528. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><indexterm><primary>
  529. msgid "newusers"
  530. msgstr "newusers"
  531. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
  532. msgid "<command>nologin</command>"
  533. msgstr "<command>nologin</command>"
  534. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
  535. msgid ""
  536. "Displays a message that an account is not available; it is designed to be "
  537. "used as the default shell for accounts that have been disabled"
  538. msgstr "显示一条账户不可用的消息;它被设计为用来当作被禁用的账户的默认 shell"
  539. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><indexterm><primary>
  540. msgid "nologin"
  541. msgstr "nologin"
  542. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
  543. msgid "<command>passwd</command>"
  544. msgstr "<command>passwd</command>"
  545. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
  546. msgid "Is used to change the password for a user or group account"
  547. msgstr "用于修改用户或组账户的密码"
  548. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><indexterm><primary>
  549. msgid "passwd"
  550. msgstr "passwd"
  551. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
  552. msgid "<command>pwck</command>"
  553. msgstr "<command>pwck</command>"
  554. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
  555. msgid ""
  556. "Verifies the integrity of the password files <filename>/etc/passwd</"
  557. "filename> and <filename>/etc/shadow</filename>"
  558. msgstr ""
  559. "检验密码文件 <filename>/etc/passwd</filename> 和 <filename>/etc/shadow</"
  560. "filename> 的完整性"
  561. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><indexterm><primary>
  562. msgid "pwck"
  563. msgstr "pwck"
  564. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
  565. msgid "<command>pwconv</command>"
  566. msgstr "<command>pwconv</command>"
  567. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
  568. msgid ""
  569. "Creates or updates the shadow password file from the normal password file"
  570. msgstr "从普通密码文件创建或更新加密密码文件"
  571. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><indexterm><primary>
  572. msgid "pwconv"
  573. msgstr "pwconv"
  574. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
  575. msgid "<command>pwunconv</command>"
  576. msgstr "<command>pwunconv</command>"
  577. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
  578. msgid ""
  579. "Updates <filename>/etc/passwd</filename> from <filename>/etc/shadow</"
  580. "filename> and then deletes the latter"
  581. msgstr ""
  582. "根据 <filename>/etc/shadow</filename> 更新 <filename>/etc/passwd</filename> "
  583. "并删除前者"
  584. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><indexterm><primary>
  585. msgid "pwunconv"
  586. msgstr "pwunconv"
  587. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
  588. msgid "<command>sg</command>"
  589. msgstr "<command>sg</command>"
  590. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
  591. msgid ""
  592. "Executes a given command while the user's GID is set to that of the given "
  593. "group"
  594. msgstr "在用户 GID 设为给定组 ID 的情况下,执行给定命令"
  595. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><indexterm><primary>
  596. msgid "sg"
  597. msgstr "sg"
  598. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
  599. msgid "<command>su</command>"
  600. msgstr "<command>su</command>"
  601. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
  602. msgid "Runs a shell with substitute user and group IDs"
  603. msgstr "用替换的用户和组 ID 运行 shell"
  604. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><indexterm><primary>
  605. msgid "su"
  606. msgstr "su"
  607. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
  608. msgid "<command>useradd</command>"
  609. msgstr "<command>useradd</command>"
  610. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
  611. msgid ""
  612. "Creates a new user with the given name, or updates the default new-user "
  613. "information"
  614. msgstr "以指定名称创建新用户,或更新新用户默认信息"
  615. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><indexterm><primary>
  616. msgid "useradd"
  617. msgstr "useradd"
  618. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
  619. msgid "<command>userdel</command>"
  620. msgstr "<command>userdel</command>"
  621. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
  622. msgid "Deletes the given user account"
  623. msgstr "删除给定用户"
  624. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><indexterm><primary>
  625. msgid "userdel"
  626. msgstr "userdel"
  627. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
  628. msgid "<command>usermod</command>"
  629. msgstr "<command>usermod</command>"
  630. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
  631. msgid ""
  632. "Is used to modify the given user's login name, User Identification (UID), "
  633. "shell, initial group, home directory, etc."
  634. msgstr ""
  635. "修改给定用户的登录名称、用户标识符 (UID)、shell、初始组、home 目录等信息"
  636. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><indexterm><primary>
  637. msgid "usermod"
  638. msgstr "usermod"
  639. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
  640. msgid "<command>vigr</command>"
  641. msgstr "<command>vigr</command>"
  642. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
  643. msgid ""
  644. "Edits the <filename>/etc/group</filename> or <filename>/etc/gshadow</"
  645. "filename> files"
  646. msgstr ""
  647. "编辑 <filename>/etc/group</filename> 或 <filename>/etc/gshadow</filename> 文"
  648. "件"
  649. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><indexterm><primary>
  650. msgid "vigr"
  651. msgstr "vigr"
  652. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
  653. msgid "<command>vipw</command>"
  654. msgstr "<command>vipw</command>"
  655. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
  656. msgid ""
  657. "Edits the <filename>/etc/passwd</filename> or <filename>/etc/shadow</"
  658. "filename> files"
  659. msgstr ""
  660. "编辑 <filename>/etc/passwd</filename> 或 <filename>/etc/shadow</filename> 文"
  661. "件"
  662. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><indexterm><primary>
  663. msgid "vipw"
  664. msgstr "vipw"