lfs-book-i18n/zh_CN/chapter09/networkd.po

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#. type: Content of: <sect1><title>
#: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter09/networkd.xml:11
msgid "General Network Configuration"
msgstr ""

#. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><indexterm><primary>
#: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter09/networkd.xml:14
#: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter09/networkd.xml:261
msgid "network"
msgstr ""

#. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><indexterm><secondary>
#: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter09/networkd.xml:15
#: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter09/networkd.xml:230
msgid "configuring"
msgstr ""

#. type: Content of: <sect1><para>
#: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter09/networkd.xml:17
msgid "This section only applies if a network card is to be configured."
msgstr ""

#. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><title>
#: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter09/networkd.xml:21
msgid "Network Interface Configuration Files"
msgstr ""

#. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><para>
#: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter09/networkd.xml:23
msgid ""
"Starting with version 209, systemd ships a network configuration daemon "
"called <command>systemd-networkd</command> which can be used for basic "
"network configuration. Additionally, since version 213, DNS name resolution "
"can be handled by <command>systemd-resolved</command> in place of a static "
"<filename>/etc/resolv.conf</filename> file. Both services are enabled by "
"default."
msgstr ""

#. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><para>
#: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter09/networkd.xml:30
msgid ""
"Configuration files for <command>systemd-networkd</command> (and "
"<command>systemd-resolved</command>) can be placed in <filename "
"class=\"directory\">/usr/lib/systemd/network</filename> or <filename "
"class=\"directory\">/etc/systemd/network</filename>. Files in <filename "
"class=\"directory\">/etc/systemd/network</filename> have a higher priority "
"than the ones in <filename "
"class=\"directory\">/usr/lib/systemd/network</filename>.  There are three "
"types of configuration files: <filename "
"class=\"extension\">.link</filename>, <filename "
"class=\"extension\">.netdev</filename> and <filename "
"class=\"extension\">.network</filename> files. For detailed descriptions and "
"example contents of these configuration files, consult the "
"<filename>systemd-link(5)</filename>, <filename>systemd-netdev(5)</filename> "
"and <filename>systemd-network(5)</filename> manual pages."
msgstr ""

#. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><sect3><title>
#: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter09/networkd.xml:47
msgid "Network Device Naming"
msgstr ""

#. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><sect3><para>
#: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter09/networkd.xml:50
msgid ""
"Udev normally assigns network card interface names based on physical system "
"characteristics such as enp2s1. If you are not sure what your interface name "
"is, you can always run <command>ip link</command> after you have booted your "
"system."
msgstr ""

#. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><sect3><para>
#: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter09/networkd.xml:57
msgid ""
"For most systems, there is only one network interface for each type of "
"connection.  For example, the classic interface name for a wired connection "
"is eth0.  A wireless connection will usually have the name wifi0 or wlan0."
msgstr ""

#. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><sect3><para>
#: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter09/networkd.xml:64
msgid ""
"If you prefer to use the classic or customized network interface names, "
"there are three alternative ways to do that:"
msgstr ""

#. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><sect3><itemizedlist><listitem><para><screen>
#: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter09/networkd.xml:71
#, no-wrap
msgid "<userinput>ln -s /dev/null /etc/systemd/network/99-default.link</userinput>"
msgstr ""

#. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><sect3><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
#: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter09/networkd.xml:70
msgid ""
"Mask udev's .link file for the default policy: <placeholder type=\"screen\" "
"id=\"0\"/>"
msgstr ""

#. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><sect3><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
#: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter09/networkd.xml:77
msgid ""
"Create a manual naming scheme, for example by naming the interfaces "
"something like \"internet0\", \"dmz0\", or \"lan0\".  To do that, create "
".link files in /etc/systemd/network/ that select an explicit name or a "
"better naming scheme for your network interfaces. For example:"
msgstr ""

#. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><sect3><itemizedlist><listitem><screen>
#: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter09/networkd.xml:84
#, no-wrap
msgid ""
"<userinput>cat &gt; /etc/systemd/network/10-ether0.link &lt;&lt; \"EOF\"\n"
"<literal>[Match]\n"
"# Change the MAC address as appropriate for your network device\n"
"MACAddress=12:34:45:78:90:AB\n"
"\n"
"[Link]\n"
"Name=ether0</literal>\n"
"EOF</userinput>"
msgstr ""

#. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><sect3><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
#: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter09/networkd.xml:94
msgid "See the man page systemd.link(5) for more information."
msgstr ""

#. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><sect3><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
#: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter09/networkd.xml:100
msgid ""
"In /boot/grub/grub.cfg, pass the option net.ifnames=0 on the kernel command "
"line."
msgstr ""

#. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><sect3><title>
#: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter09/networkd.xml:108
msgid "Static IP Configuration"
msgstr ""

#. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><sect3><para>
#: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter09/networkd.xml:110
msgid ""
"The command below creates a basic configuration file for a Static IP setup "
"(using both systemd-networkd and systemd-resolved):"
msgstr ""

#.  jhalfs relies on the values for Name, Address, etc. If you want to change
#.      them, please inform the jhalfs maintainer(s). 
#. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><sect3><screen>
#: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter09/networkd.xml:115
#, no-wrap
msgid ""
"<userinput>cat &gt; /etc/systemd/network/10-eth-static.network &lt;&lt; "
"\"EOF\"\n"
"<literal>[Match]\n"
"Name=<replaceable>&lt;network-device-name&gt;</replaceable>\n"
"\n"
"[Network]\n"
"Address=192.168.0.2/24\n"
"Gateway=192.168.0.1\n"
"DNS=192.168.0.1\n"
"Domains=<replaceable>&lt;Your Domain Name&gt;</replaceable></literal>\n"
"EOF</userinput>"
msgstr ""

#. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><sect3><para>
#: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter09/networkd.xml:126
msgid ""
"Multiple DNS entries can be added if you have more than one DNS server. Do "
"not include DNS or Domains entries if you intend to use a static "
"<filename>/etc/resolv.conf</filename> file."
msgstr ""

#. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><sect3><title>
#: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter09/networkd.xml:133
msgid "DHCP Configuration"
msgstr ""

#. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><sect3><para>
#: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter09/networkd.xml:135
msgid "The command below creates a basic configuration file for an IPv4 DHCP setup:"
msgstr ""

#. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><sect3><screen>
#: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter09/networkd.xml:138
#, no-wrap
msgid ""
"<userinput>cat &gt; /etc/systemd/network/10-eth-dhcp.network &lt;&lt; "
"\"EOF\"\n"
"<literal>[Match]\n"
"Name=&lt;network-device-name&gt;\n"
"\n"
"[Network]\n"
"DHCP=ipv4\n"
"\n"
"[DHCP]\n"
"UseDomains=true</literal>\n"
"EOF</userinput>"
msgstr ""

#. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><title>
#: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter09/networkd.xml:154
msgid "Creating the /etc/resolv.conf File"
msgstr ""

#. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><indexterm><primary>
#: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter09/networkd.xml:157
msgid "/etc/resolv.conf"
msgstr ""

#. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><para>
#: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter09/networkd.xml:160
msgid ""
"If the system is going to be connected to the Internet, it will need some "
"means of Domain Name Service (DNS) name resolution to resolve Internet "
"domain names to IP addresses, and vice versa. This is best achieved by "
"placing the IP address of the DNS server, available from the ISP or network "
"administrator, into <filename>/etc/resolv.conf</filename>."
msgstr ""

#. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><sect3><title>
#: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter09/networkd.xml:168
msgid "systemd-resolved Configuration"
msgstr ""

#. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><sect3><note><para>
#: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter09/networkd.xml:170
msgid ""
"If using another means to configure your network interfaces (ex: ppp, "
"network-manager, etc.), or if using any type of local resolver (ex: bind, "
"dnsmasq, unbound, etc.), or any other software that generates an "
"<filename>/etc/resolv.conf</filename> (ex: resolvconf), the "
"<command>systemd-resolved</command> service should not be used."
msgstr ""

#. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><sect3><para>
#: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter09/networkd.xml:177
msgid ""
"When using <command>systemd-resolved</command> for DNS configuration, it "
"creates the file "
"<filename>/run/systemd/resolve/resolv.conf</filename>. Create a symlink in "
"<filename>/etc</filename> to use the generated file:"
msgstr ""

#. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><sect3><screen>
#: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter09/networkd.xml:182
#, no-wrap
msgid ""
"<userinput>ln -sfv /run/systemd/resolve/resolv.conf "
"/etc/resolv.conf</userinput>"
msgstr ""

#. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><sect3><title>
#: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter09/networkd.xml:187
msgid "Static resolv.conf Configuration"
msgstr ""

#. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><sect3><para>
#: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter09/networkd.xml:189
msgid ""
"If a static <filename>/etc/resolv.conf</filename> is desired, create it by "
"running the following command:"
msgstr ""

#. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><sect3><screen>
#: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter09/networkd.xml:192
#, no-wrap
msgid ""
"<userinput>cat &gt; /etc/resolv.conf &lt;&lt; \"EOF\"\n"
"<literal># Begin /etc/resolv.conf\n"
"\n"
"domain <replaceable>&lt;Your Domain Name&gt;</replaceable>\n"
"nameserver <replaceable>&lt;IP address of your primary "
"nameserver&gt;</replaceable>\n"
"nameserver <replaceable>&lt;IP address of your secondary "
"nameserver&gt;</replaceable>\n"
"\n"
"# End /etc/resolv.conf</literal>\n"
"EOF</userinput>"
msgstr ""

#. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><sect3><para>
#: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter09/networkd.xml:202
msgid ""
"The <varname>domain</varname> statement can be omitted or replaced with a "
"<varname>search</varname> statement.  See the man page for resolv.conf for "
"more details."
msgstr ""

#. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><sect3><para>
#: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter09/networkd.xml:206
msgid ""
"Replace <replaceable>&lt;IP address of the nameserver&gt;</replaceable> with "
"the IP address of the DNS server most appropriate for your setup.  There "
"will often be more than one entry (requirements demand secondary servers for "
"fallback capability). If you only need or want one DNS server, remove the "
"second <emphasis>nameserver</emphasis> line from the file.  The IP address "
"may also be a router on the local network. Another option is to use the "
"Google Public DNS service using the IP addresses below as nameservers."
msgstr ""

#. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><sect3><note><para>
#: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter09/networkd.xml:216
msgid ""
"The Google Public IPv4 DNS addresses are <parameter>8.8.8.8</parameter> and "
"<parameter>8.8.4.4</parameter> for IPv4, and "
"<parameter>2001:4860:4860::8888</parameter> and "
"<parameter>2001:4860:4860::8844</parameter> for IPv6."
msgstr ""

#. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><title>
#: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter09/networkd.xml:226
msgid "Configuring the system hostname"
msgstr ""

#. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><indexterm><primary>
#: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter09/networkd.xml:229
msgid "hostname"
msgstr ""

#. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><para>
#: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter09/networkd.xml:233
msgid ""
"During the boot process, the file <filename>/etc/hostname</filename> is used "
"for establishing the system's hostname."
msgstr ""

#. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><para>
#: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter09/networkd.xml:236
msgid ""
"Create the <filename>/etc/hostname</filename> file and enter a hostname by "
"running:"
msgstr ""

#. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><screen>
#: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter09/networkd.xml:239
#, no-wrap
msgid ""
"<userinput>echo \"<replaceable>&lt;lfs&gt;</replaceable>\" &gt; "
"/etc/hostname</userinput>"
msgstr ""

#. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><para>
#: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter09/networkd.xml:241
msgid ""
"<replaceable>&lt;lfs&gt;</replaceable> needs to be replaced with the name "
"given to the computer. Do not enter the Fully Qualified Domain Name (FQDN) "
"here. That information is put in the <filename>/etc/hosts</filename> file."
msgstr ""

#. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><title>
#: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter09/networkd.xml:249
msgid "Customizing the /etc/hosts File"
msgstr ""

#. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><indexterm><secondary>
#: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter09/networkd.xml:252
#: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter09/networkd.xml:257
#: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter09/networkd.xml:262
msgid "/etc/hosts"
msgstr ""

#. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><indexterm><primary>
#: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter09/networkd.xml:256
msgid "localnet"
msgstr ""

#. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><para>
#: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter09/networkd.xml:265
msgid ""
"Decide on a fully-qualified domain name (FQDN), and possible aliases for use "
"in the <filename>/etc/hosts</filename> file. If using static IP addresses, "
"you'll also need to decide on an IP address. The syntax for a hosts file "
"entry is:"
msgstr ""

#. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><screen>
#: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter09/networkd.xml:270
#, no-wrap
msgid "<literal>IP_address myhost.example.org aliases</literal>"
msgstr ""

#. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><para>
#: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter09/networkd.xml:272
msgid ""
"Unless the computer is to be visible to the Internet (i.e., there is a "
"registered domain and a valid block of assigned IP addresses&mdash;most "
"users do not have this), make sure that the IP address is in the private "
"network IP address range. Valid ranges are:"
msgstr ""

#. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><screen>
#: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter09/networkd.xml:277
#, no-wrap
msgid ""
"<literal>Private Network Address Range      Normal Prefix\n"
"10.0.0.1 - 10.255.255.254           8\n"
"172.x.0.1 - 172.x.255.254           16\n"
"192.168.y.1 - 192.168.y.254         24</literal>"
msgstr ""

#. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><para>
#: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter09/networkd.xml:282
msgid ""
"x can be any number in the range 16-31. y can be any number in the range "
"0-255."
msgstr ""

#. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><para>
#: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter09/networkd.xml:285
msgid ""
"A valid private IP address could be 192.168.1.1. A valid FQDN for this IP "
"could be lfs.example.org."
msgstr ""

#. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><para>
#: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter09/networkd.xml:288
msgid ""
"Even if not using a network card, a valid FQDN is still required.  This is "
"necessary for certain programs, such as MTAs, to operate properly."
msgstr ""

#. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><para>
#: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter09/networkd.xml:307
msgid "Create the <filename>/etc/hosts</filename> file using the following command:"
msgstr ""

#. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><screen>
#: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter09/networkd.xml:310
#, no-wrap
msgid ""
"<userinput>cat &gt; /etc/hosts &lt;&lt; \"EOF\"\n"
"<literal># Begin /etc/hosts\n"
"\n"
"127.0.0.1 localhost.localdomain localhost\n"
"127.0.1.1 <replaceable>&lt;FQDN&gt;</replaceable> "
"<replaceable>&lt;HOSTNAME&gt;</replaceable>\n"
"<replaceable>&lt;192.168.0.2&gt;</replaceable> "
"<replaceable>&lt;FQDN&gt;</replaceable> "
"<replaceable>&lt;HOSTNAME&gt;</replaceable> <replaceable>[alias1] [alias2] "
"...</replaceable>\n"
"::1       localhost ip6-localhost ip6-loopback\n"
"ff02::1   ip6-allnodes\n"
"ff02::2   ip6-allrouters\n"
"\n"
"# End /etc/hosts</literal>\n"
"EOF</userinput>"
msgstr ""

#. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><para>
#: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter09/networkd.xml:323
msgid ""
"The <replaceable>&lt;192.168.0.2&gt;</replaceable>, "
"<replaceable>&lt;FQDN&gt;</replaceable>, and "
"<replaceable>&lt;HOSTNAME&gt;</replaceable> values need to be changed for "
"specific uses or requirements (if assigned an IP address by a network/system "
"administrator and the machine will be connected to an existing network). The "
"optional alias name(s) can be omitted, and the "
"<replaceable>&lt;192.168.0.2</replaceable> line can be omitted if you are "
"using a connection configured with DHCP or IPv6 Autoconfiguration."
msgstr ""

#. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><para>
#: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter09/networkd.xml:332
msgid ""
"The ::1 entry is the IPv6 counterpart of 127.0.0.1 and represents the IPv6 "
"loopback interface. 127.0.1.1 is a loopback entry reserved specifically for "
"the FQDN."
msgstr ""