1
0

shadow.po 42 KB

123456789101112131415161718192021222324252627282930313233343536373839404142434445464748495051525354555657585960616263646566676869707172737475767778798081828384858687888990919293949596979899100101102103104105106107108109110111112113114115116117118119120121122123124125126127128129130131132133134135136137138139140141142143144145146147148149150151152153154155156157158159160161162163164165166167168169170171172173174175176177178179180181182183184185186187188189190191192193194195196197198199200201202203204205206207208209210211212213214215216217218219220221222223224225226227228229230231232233234235236237238239240241242243244245246247248249250251252253254255256257258259260261262263264265266267268269270271272273274275276277278279280281282283284285286287288289290291292293294295296297298299300301302303304305306307308309310311312313314315316317318319320321322323324325326327328329330331332333334335336337338339340341342343344345346347348349350351352353354355356357358359360361362363364365366367368369370371372373374375376377378379380381382383384385386387388389390391392393394395396397398399400401402403404405406407408409410411412413414415416417418419420421422423424425426427428429430431432433434435436437438439440441442443444445446447448449450451452453454455456457458459460461462463464465466467468469470471472473474475476477478479480481482483484485486487488489490491492493494495496497498499500501502503504505506507508509510511512513514515516517518519520521522523524525526527528529530531532533534535536537538539540541542543544545546547548549550551552553554555556557558559560561562563564565566567568569570571572573574575576577578579580581582583584585586587588589590591592593594595596597598599600601602603604605606607608609610611612613614615616617618619620621622623624625626627628629630631632633634635636637638639640641642643644645646647648649650651652653654655656657658659660661662663664665666667668669670671672673674675676677678679680681682683684685686687688689690691692693694695696697698699700701702703704705706707708709710711712713714715716717718719720721722723724725726727728729730731732733734735736737738739740741742743744745746747748749750751752753754755756757758759760761762763764765766767768769770771772773774775776777778779780781782783784785786787788789790791792793794795796797798799800801802803804805806807808809810811812813814815816817818819820821822823824825826827828829830831832833834835836837838839840841842843844845846847848849850851852853854855856857858859860861862863864865866867868869870871872873874875876877878879880881882883884885886887888889890891892893894895896897898899900901902903904905906907908909910911912913914915916917918919920921922923924925926927928929930931932933934935936937938939940941942943944945946947948949950951952953954955956957958959960961962963964965966967968969970971972973974975976977978
  1. msgid ""
  2. msgstr ""
  3. "Project-Id-Version: PACKAGE VERSION\n"
  4. "POT-Creation-Date: 2020-06-17 12:44+0800\n"
  5. "PO-Revision-Date: YEAR-MO-DA HO:MI+ZONE\n"
  6. "Last-Translator: FULL NAME <EMAIL@ADDRESS>\n"
  7. "Language-Team: LANGUAGE <LL@li.org>\n"
  8. "Language: zh_CN\n"
  9. "MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
  10. "Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
  11. "Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
  12. "X-Generator: Translate Toolkit 2.2.5\n"
  13. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect1info><address>
  14. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter08/shadow.xml:14
  15. #, no-wrap
  16. msgid "&shadow-url;"
  17. msgstr "&shadow-url;"
  18. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect1info>
  19. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter08/shadow.xml:12
  20. msgid ""
  21. "<productname>shadow</productname> <productnumber>&shadow-version;</"
  22. "productnumber> <placeholder type=\"address\" id=\"0\"/>"
  23. msgstr ""
  24. "<productname>shadow</productname> <productnumber>&shadow-version;</"
  25. "productnumber> <placeholder type=\"address\" id=\"0\"/>"
  26. #. type: Content of: <sect1><title>
  27. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter08/shadow.xml:17
  28. msgid "Shadow-&shadow-version;"
  29. msgstr "Shadow-&shadow-version;"
  30. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><indexterm><primary>
  31. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter08/shadow.xml:20
  32. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter08/shadow.xml:139
  33. msgid "Shadow"
  34. msgstr "Shadow"
  35. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><para>
  36. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter08/shadow.xml:26
  37. msgid ""
  38. "The Shadow package contains programs for handling passwords in a secure way."
  39. msgstr "Shadow 软件包包含安全地处理密码的程序。"
  40. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><segmentedlist><segtitle>
  41. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter08/shadow.xml:30
  42. msgid "&buildtime;"
  43. msgstr "&buildtime;"
  44. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><segmentedlist><segtitle>
  45. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter08/shadow.xml:31
  46. msgid "&diskspace;"
  47. msgstr "&diskspace;"
  48. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><segmentedlist><seglistitem><seg>
  49. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter08/shadow.xml:34
  50. msgid "&shadow-fin-sbu;"
  51. msgstr "&shadow-fin-sbu;"
  52. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><segmentedlist><seglistitem><seg>
  53. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter08/shadow.xml:35
  54. msgid "&shadow-fin-du;"
  55. msgstr "&shadow-fin-du;"
  56. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><title>
  57. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter08/shadow.xml:42
  58. msgid "Installation of Shadow"
  59. msgstr "安装 Shadow"
  60. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><note><para>
  61. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter08/shadow.xml:45
  62. msgid ""
  63. "If you would like to enforce the use of strong passwords, refer to <ulink "
  64. "url=\"&blfs-book;postlfs/cracklib.html\"/> for installing CrackLib prior to "
  65. "building Shadow. Then add <parameter>--with-libcrack</parameter> to the "
  66. "<command>configure</command> command below."
  67. msgstr ""
  68. "如果您希望强制使用强密码,参考 <ulink url=\"&blfs-book;postlfs/cracklib.html"
  69. "\"/> 以在构建 Shadow 前安装 CrackLib。然后,将 <parameter>--with-libcrack</"
  70. "parameter> 添加到下面的 <command>configure</command> 命令中。"
  71. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><para>
  72. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter08/shadow.xml:52
  73. msgid ""
  74. "Disable the installation of the <command>groups</command> program and its "
  75. "man pages, as Coreutils provides a better version. Also, prevent the "
  76. "installation of manual pages that were already installed in <xref linkend="
  77. "\"ch-system-man-pages\"/>:"
  78. msgstr ""
  79. "禁止该软件包安装 <command>groups</command> 程序和它的 man 页面,因为 "
  80. "Coreutils 会提供更好的版本。同样,避免安装<xref linkend=\"ch-system-man-"
  81. "pages\"/>软件包已经提供的 man 页面:"
  82. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><screen>
  83. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter08/shadow.xml:57
  84. #, no-wrap
  85. msgid ""
  86. "<userinput remap=\"pre\">sed -i 's/groups$(EXEEXT) //' src/Makefile.in\n"
  87. "find man -name Makefile.in -exec sed -i 's/groups\\.1 / /' {} \\;\n"
  88. "find man -name Makefile.in -exec sed -i 's/getspnam\\.3 / /' {} \\;\n"
  89. "find man -name Makefile.in -exec sed -i 's/passwd\\.5 / /' {} \\;</userinput>"
  90. msgstr ""
  91. "<userinput remap=\"pre\">sed -i 's/groups$(EXEEXT) //' src/Makefile.in\n"
  92. "find man -name Makefile.in -exec sed -i 's/groups\\.1 / /' {} \\;\n"
  93. "find man -name Makefile.in -exec sed -i 's/getspnam\\.3 / /' {} \\;\n"
  94. "find man -name Makefile.in -exec sed -i 's/passwd\\.5 / /' {} \\;</userinput>"
  95. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><para>
  96. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter08/shadow.xml:62
  97. msgid ""
  98. "Instead of using the default <emphasis>crypt</emphasis> method, use the more "
  99. "secure <emphasis>SHA-512</emphasis> method of password encryption, which "
  100. "also allows passwords longer than 8 characters. It is also necessary to "
  101. "change the obsolete <filename class=\"directory\">/var/spool/mail</filename> "
  102. "location for user mailboxes that Shadow uses by default to the <filename "
  103. "class=\"directory\">/var/mail</filename> location used currently:"
  104. msgstr ""
  105. "不使用默认的 <emphasis>crypt</emphasis> 加密方法,使用更安全的 "
  106. "<emphasis>SHA-512</emphasis> 方法加密密码,该方法也允许长度超过 8 个字符的密"
  107. "码。另外,还需要把过时的用户邮箱位置 <filename class=\"directory\">/var/"
  108. "spool/mail</filename> 改为当前普遍使用的 <filename class=\"directory\">/var/"
  109. "mail</filename> 目录:"
  110. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><screen>
  111. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter08/shadow.xml:70
  112. #, no-wrap
  113. msgid ""
  114. "<userinput remap=\"pre\">sed -e 's:#ENCRYPT_METHOD DES:ENCRYPT_METHOD SHA512:' \\\n"
  115. " -e 's:/var/spool/mail:/var/mail:' \\\n"
  116. " -i etc/login.defs</userinput>"
  117. msgstr ""
  118. "<userinput remap=\"pre\">sed -e 's:#ENCRYPT_METHOD DES:ENCRYPT_METHOD SHA512:' \\\n"
  119. " -e 's:/var/spool/mail:/var/mail:' \\\n"
  120. " -i etc/login.defs</userinput>"
  121. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><note><para>
  122. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter08/shadow.xml:75
  123. msgid "If you chose to build Shadow with Cracklib support, run the following:"
  124. msgstr "如果您选择构建有 Cracklib 支持的 Shadow,执行以下命令:"
  125. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><note><screen>
  126. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter08/shadow.xml:77
  127. #, no-wrap
  128. msgid "<userinput>sed -i 's:DICTPATH.*:DICTPATH\\t/lib/cracklib/pw_dict:' etc/login.defs</userinput>"
  129. msgstr "<userinput>sed -i 's:DICTPATH.*:DICTPATH\\t/lib/cracklib/pw_dict:' etc/login.defs</userinput>"
  130. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><para>
  131. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter08/shadow.xml:80
  132. msgid ""
  133. "Make a minor change to make the first group number generated by useradd 1000:"
  134. msgstr "进行微小的改动,使 useradd 使用 1000 作为第一个组编号:"
  135. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><screen>
  136. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter08/shadow.xml:83
  137. #, no-wrap
  138. msgid "<userinput remap=\"pre\">sed -i 's/1000/999/' etc/useradd</userinput>"
  139. msgstr "<userinput remap=\"pre\">sed -i 's/1000/999/' etc/useradd</userinput>"
  140. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><para>
  141. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter08/shadow.xml:85
  142. msgid "Prepare Shadow for compilation:"
  143. msgstr "准备编译 Shadow:"
  144. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><screen>
  145. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter08/shadow.xml:87
  146. #, no-wrap
  147. msgid ""
  148. "<userinput remap=\"configure\">touch /usr/bin/passwd\n"
  149. "./configure --sysconfdir=/etc \\\n"
  150. " --with-group-name-max-length=32</userinput>"
  151. msgstr ""
  152. "<userinput remap=\"configure\">touch /usr/bin/passwd\n"
  153. "./configure --sysconfdir=/etc \\\n"
  154. " --with-group-name-max-length=32</userinput>"
  155. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><title>
  156. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter08/shadow.xml:92
  157. msgid "The meaning of the configure option:"
  158. msgstr "配置选项的含义:"
  159. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
  160. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter08/shadow.xml:95
  161. msgid "<command>touch /usr/bin/passwd</command>"
  162. msgstr "<command>touch /usr/bin/passwd</command>"
  163. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
  164. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter08/shadow.xml:97
  165. msgid ""
  166. "The file <filename>/usr/bin/passwd</filename> needs to exist because its "
  167. "location is harcoded in some programs, and the default location if it does "
  168. "not exist is not right."
  169. msgstr ""
  170. "我们需要保证 <filename>/usr/bin/passwd</filename> 存在,"
  171. "因为它的位置会被硬编码到一些程序中,如果它不存在的话,"
  172. "会使用错误的默认位置。"
  173. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
  174. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter08/shadow.xml:103
  175. msgid "<parameter>--with-group-name-max-length=32</parameter>"
  176. msgstr "<parameter>--with-group-name-max-length=32</parameter>"
  177. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
  178. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter08/shadow.xml:105
  179. msgid ""
  180. "The maximum user name is 32 characters. Make the maximum group name the "
  181. "same."
  182. msgstr "最长用户名可以有 32 个字符。设定组名称最大长度为相同值。"
  183. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><para>
  184. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter08/shadow.xml:112
  185. msgid "Compile the package:"
  186. msgstr "编译该软件包:"
  187. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><screen>
  188. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter08/shadow.xml:114
  189. #, no-wrap
  190. msgid "<userinput remap=\"make\">make</userinput>"
  191. msgstr "<userinput remap=\"make\">make</userinput>"
  192. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><para>
  193. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter08/shadow.xml:116
  194. msgid "This package does not come with a test suite."
  195. msgstr "该软件包不包含测试套件。"
  196. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><para>
  197. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter08/shadow.xml:118
  198. msgid "Install the package:"
  199. msgstr "安装该软件包:"
  200. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><screen>
  201. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter08/shadow.xml:120
  202. #, no-wrap
  203. msgid "<userinput remap=\"install\">make install</userinput>"
  204. msgstr "<userinput remap=\"install\">make install</userinput>"
  205. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><title>
  206. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter08/shadow.xml:136
  207. msgid "Configuring Shadow"
  208. msgstr "配置 Shadow"
  209. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><indexterm><secondary>
  210. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter08/shadow.xml:140
  211. msgid "configuring"
  212. msgstr "配置"
  213. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><para>
  214. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter08/shadow.xml:143
  215. msgid ""
  216. "This package contains utilities to add, modify, and delete users and groups; "
  217. "set and change their passwords; and perform other administrative tasks. For "
  218. "a full explanation of what <emphasis>password shadowing</emphasis> means, "
  219. "see the <filename>doc/HOWTO</filename> file within the unpacked source tree. "
  220. "If using Shadow support, keep in mind that programs which need to verify "
  221. "passwords (display managers, FTP programs, pop3 daemons, etc.) must be "
  222. "Shadow-compliant. That is, they need to be able to work with shadowed "
  223. "passwords."
  224. msgstr ""
  225. "该软件包包含用于添加、修改、删除用户和组,设定和修改它们的密码,以及进行其他"
  226. "管理任务的工具。如果希望查阅关于 <emphasis>password shadowing</emphasis> 的详"
  227. "细解释,阅读解压得到源代码目录树中的 <filename>doc/HOWTO</filename> 文件。如"
  228. "果使用 Shadow 支持,请注意所有需要验证密码的程序 (如显示管理器、FTP 程序、"
  229. "pop3 守护进程等) 都必须和 Shadow 兼容。换句话说,它们必须能使用 Shadow 加密"
  230. "的密码。"
  231. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><para>
  232. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter08/shadow.xml:152
  233. msgid "To enable shadowed passwords, run the following command:"
  234. msgstr "如果要对用户密码启用 Shadow 加密,执行以下命令:"
  235. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><screen>
  236. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter08/shadow.xml:154
  237. #, no-wrap
  238. msgid "<userinput>pwconv</userinput>"
  239. msgstr "<userinput>pwconv</userinput>"
  240. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><para>
  241. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter08/shadow.xml:156
  242. msgid "To enable shadowed group passwords, run:"
  243. msgstr "如果要对组密码启用 Shadow 加密,执行:"
  244. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><screen>
  245. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter08/shadow.xml:158
  246. #, no-wrap
  247. msgid "<userinput>grpconv</userinput>"
  248. msgstr "<userinput>grpconv</userinput>"
  249. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><para>
  250. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter08/shadow.xml:160
  251. msgid ""
  252. "Shadow's stock configuration for the <command>useradd</command> utility has "
  253. "a few caveats that need some explanation. First, the default action for the "
  254. "<command>useradd</command> utility is to create the user and a group of the "
  255. "same name as the user. By default the user ID (UID) and group ID (GID) "
  256. "numbers will begin with 1000. This means if you don't pass parameters to "
  257. "<command>useradd</command>, each user will be a member of a unique group on "
  258. "the system. If this behavior is undesirable, you'll need to pass the "
  259. "<parameter>-g</parameter> parameter to <command>useradd</command>. The "
  260. "default parameters are stored in the <filename>/etc/default/useradd</"
  261. "filename> file. You may need to modify two parameters in this file to suit "
  262. "your particular needs."
  263. msgstr ""
  264. "Shadow 附带的 <command>useradd</command> 配置文件有一些需要解释的事项。首先,"
  265. "<command>useradd</command> 的默认操作是创建一个用户,以及一个名字和用户名相同"
  266. "的组。默认情况下,用户 ID (UID) 和组 ID (GID) 会从 1000 开始。这意味着,如果"
  267. "您不向 <command>useradd</command> 传递参数,每个用户都会属于一个不同的组。如果"
  268. "您不希望这样,就要传递 <parameter>-g</parameter> 参数给 <command>useradd</"
  269. "command>。默认参数保存在 <filename>/etc/default/useradd</filename> 文件中。您"
  270. "可以编辑其中的两个参数,以满足您的特定需求。"
  271. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><title>
  272. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter08/shadow.xml:173
  273. msgid "<filename>/etc/default/useradd</filename> Parameter Explanations"
  274. msgstr "<filename>/etc/default/useradd</filename> 参数解释"
  275. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
  276. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter08/shadow.xml:176
  277. msgid "<parameter>GROUP=1000</parameter>"
  278. msgstr "<parameter>GROUP=1000</parameter>"
  279. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
  280. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter08/shadow.xml:178
  281. msgid ""
  282. "This parameter sets the beginning of the group numbers used in the /etc/"
  283. "group file. You can modify it to anything you desire. Note that "
  284. "<command>useradd</command> will never reuse a UID or GID. If the number "
  285. "identified in this parameter is used, it will use the next available number "
  286. "after this. Note also that if you don't have a group 1000 on your system the "
  287. "first time you use <command>useradd</command> without the <parameter>-g</"
  288. "parameter> parameter, you'll get a message displayed on the terminal that "
  289. "says: <computeroutput>useradd: unknown GID 1000</computeroutput>. You may "
  290. "disregard this message and group number 1000 will be used."
  291. msgstr ""
  292. "该参数设定 /etc/group 文件中使用的第一个组编号。您可以将它修改为您希望的任何"
  293. "值。注意,<command>useradd</command> 绝不会重用 UID 或 GID。如果该参数指定的"
  294. "数字已经被使用了,它就会使用下一个可用的数字。另外,如果您第一次使用 "
  295. "<command>useradd</command> 时没有编号 1000 的组,也没有使用 <parameter>-g</"
  296. "parameter> 选项,您就会在终端看到一条消息:<computeroutput>useradd: unknown "
  297. "GID 1000</computeroutput>。您可以忽略这条消息,它会使用组编号 1000。"
  298. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
  299. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter08/shadow.xml:191
  300. msgid "<parameter>CREATE_MAIL_SPOOL=yes</parameter>"
  301. msgstr "<parameter>CREATE_MAIL_SPOOL=yes</parameter>"
  302. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
  303. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter08/shadow.xml:193
  304. msgid ""
  305. "This parameter causes <command>useradd</command> to create a mailbox file "
  306. "for the newly created user. <command>useradd</command> will make the group "
  307. "ownership of this file to the <systemitem class=\"groupname\">mail</"
  308. "systemitem> group with 0660 permissions. If you would prefer that these "
  309. "mailbox files are not created by <command>useradd</command>, issue the "
  310. "following command:"
  311. msgstr ""
  312. "该参数使得 <command>useradd</command> 为新创建的用户建立邮箱文件。"
  313. "<command>useradd</command> 会使得 <systemitem class=\"groupname\">mail</"
  314. "systemitem> 为邮箱文件属组,并为邮箱文件赋予 0660 权限码。如果您不希望 "
  315. "<command>useradd</command>创建这些邮箱文件,执行以下命令:"
  316. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><screen>
  317. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter08/shadow.xml:201
  318. #, no-wrap
  319. msgid "<userinput>sed -i 's/yes/no/' /etc/default/useradd</userinput>"
  320. msgstr "<userinput>sed -i 's/yes/no/' /etc/default/useradd</userinput>"
  321. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><title>
  322. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter08/shadow.xml:211
  323. msgid "Setting the root password"
  324. msgstr "设定 root 密码"
  325. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><para>
  326. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter08/shadow.xml:213
  327. msgid ""
  328. "Choose a password for user <emphasis>root</emphasis> and set it by running:"
  329. msgstr "为用户 <emphasis>root</emphasis> 选择一个密码,并执行以下命令设定它:"
  330. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><screen>
  331. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter08/shadow.xml:216
  332. #, no-wrap
  333. msgid "<userinput>passwd root</userinput>"
  334. msgstr "<userinput>passwd root</userinput>"
  335. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><title>
  336. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter08/shadow.xml:221
  337. msgid "Contents of Shadow"
  338. msgstr "Shadow 的内容"
  339. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><segmentedlist><segtitle>
  340. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter08/shadow.xml:224
  341. msgid "Installed programs"
  342. msgstr "安装的程序"
  343. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><segmentedlist><segtitle>
  344. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter08/shadow.xml:225
  345. msgid "Installed directory"
  346. msgstr "安装的目录"
  347. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><segmentedlist><seglistitem><seg>
  348. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter08/shadow.xml:228
  349. msgid ""
  350. "chage, chfn, chgpasswd, chpasswd, chsh, expiry, faillog, gpasswd, groupadd, "
  351. "groupdel, groupmems, groupmod, grpck, grpconv, grpunconv, lastlog, login, "
  352. "logoutd, newgidmap, newgrp, newuidmap, newusers, nologin, passwd, pwck, "
  353. "pwconv, pwunconv, sg (link to newgrp), su, useradd, userdel, usermod, vigr "
  354. "(link to vipw), and vipw"
  355. msgstr ""
  356. "chage, chfn, chgpasswd, chpasswd, chsh, expiry, faillog, gpasswd, groupadd, "
  357. "groupdel, groupmems, groupmod, grpck, grpconv, grpunconv, lastlog, login, "
  358. "logoutd, newgidmap, newgrp, newuidmap, newusers, nologin, passwd, pwck, "
  359. "pwconv, pwunconv, sg (到 newgrp 的链接), su, useradd, userdel, usermod, vigr "
  360. "(到 vipw 的链接), 以及 vipw"
  361. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><segmentedlist><seglistitem><seg>
  362. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter08/shadow.xml:233
  363. msgid "/etc/default"
  364. msgstr "/etc/default"
  365. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><bridgehead>
  366. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter08/shadow.xml:238
  367. msgid "Short Descriptions"
  368. msgstr "简要描述"
  369. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist>
  370. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter08/shadow.xml:239
  371. msgid ""
  372. "<?dbfo list-presentation=\"list\"?> <?dbhtml list-presentation=\"table\"?>"
  373. msgstr ""
  374. "<?dbfo list-presentation=\"list\"?> <?dbhtml list-presentation=\"table\"?>"
  375. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
  376. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter08/shadow.xml:243
  377. msgid "<command>chage</command>"
  378. msgstr "<command>chage</command>"
  379. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
  380. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter08/shadow.xml:245
  381. msgid ""
  382. "Used to change the maximum number of days between obligatory password changes"
  383. msgstr "用于修改强制性密码更新的最大天数"
  384. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><indexterm><primary>
  385. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter08/shadow.xml:248
  386. msgid "chage"
  387. msgstr "chage"
  388. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
  389. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter08/shadow.xml:254
  390. msgid "<command>chfn</command>"
  391. msgstr "<command>chfn</command>"
  392. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
  393. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter08/shadow.xml:256
  394. msgid "Used to change a user's full name and other information"
  395. msgstr "用于修改用户全名和其他信息"
  396. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><indexterm><primary>
  397. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter08/shadow.xml:258
  398. msgid "chfn"
  399. msgstr "chfn"
  400. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
  401. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter08/shadow.xml:264
  402. msgid "<command>chgpasswd</command>"
  403. msgstr "<command>chgpasswd</command>"
  404. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
  405. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter08/shadow.xml:266
  406. msgid "Used to update group passwords in batch mode"
  407. msgstr "用于批量更新组密码"
  408. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><indexterm><primary>
  409. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter08/shadow.xml:268
  410. msgid "chgpasswd"
  411. msgstr "chgpasswd"
  412. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
  413. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter08/shadow.xml:274
  414. msgid "<command>chpasswd</command>"
  415. msgstr "<command>chpasswd</command>"
  416. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
  417. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter08/shadow.xml:276
  418. msgid "Used to update user passwords in batch mode"
  419. msgstr "用于批量更新用户密码"
  420. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><indexterm><primary>
  421. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter08/shadow.xml:278
  422. msgid "chpasswd"
  423. msgstr "chpasswd"
  424. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
  425. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter08/shadow.xml:284
  426. msgid "<command>chsh</command>"
  427. msgstr "<command>chsh</command>"
  428. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
  429. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter08/shadow.xml:286
  430. msgid "Used to change a user's default login shell"
  431. msgstr "用于改变用户的默认登录 shell"
  432. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><indexterm><primary>
  433. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter08/shadow.xml:288
  434. msgid "chsh"
  435. msgstr "chsh"
  436. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
  437. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter08/shadow.xml:294
  438. msgid "<command>expiry</command>"
  439. msgstr "<command>expiry</command>"
  440. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
  441. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter08/shadow.xml:296
  442. msgid "Checks and enforces the current password expiration policy"
  443. msgstr "检查并强制保证当前密码过期策略"
  444. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><indexterm><primary>
  445. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter08/shadow.xml:298
  446. msgid "expiry"
  447. msgstr "expiry"
  448. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
  449. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter08/shadow.xml:304
  450. msgid "<command>faillog</command>"
  451. msgstr "<command>faillog</command>"
  452. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
  453. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter08/shadow.xml:306
  454. msgid ""
  455. "Is used to examine the log of login failures, to set a maximum number of "
  456. "failures before an account is blocked, or to reset the failure count"
  457. msgstr "检查失败登录日志,设定锁定账户的最大失败次数,或重置失败次数"
  458. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><indexterm><primary>
  459. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter08/shadow.xml:310
  460. msgid "faillog"
  461. msgstr "faillog"
  462. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
  463. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter08/shadow.xml:316
  464. msgid "<command>gpasswd</command>"
  465. msgstr "<command>gpasswd</command>"
  466. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
  467. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter08/shadow.xml:318
  468. msgid "Is used to add and delete members and administrators to groups"
  469. msgstr "用于增加或删除组的用户和管理员"
  470. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><indexterm><primary>
  471. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter08/shadow.xml:321
  472. msgid "gpasswd"
  473. msgstr "gpasswd"
  474. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
  475. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter08/shadow.xml:327
  476. msgid "<command>groupadd</command>"
  477. msgstr "<command>groupadd</command>"
  478. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
  479. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter08/shadow.xml:329
  480. msgid "Creates a group with the given name"
  481. msgstr "以指定名称创建组"
  482. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><indexterm><primary>
  483. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter08/shadow.xml:331
  484. msgid "groupadd"
  485. msgstr "groupadd"
  486. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
  487. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter08/shadow.xml:337
  488. msgid "<command>groupdel</command>"
  489. msgstr "<command>groupdel</command>"
  490. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
  491. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter08/shadow.xml:339
  492. msgid "Deletes the group with the given name"
  493. msgstr "删除指定的组"
  494. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><indexterm><primary>
  495. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter08/shadow.xml:341
  496. msgid "groupdel"
  497. msgstr "groupdel"
  498. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
  499. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter08/shadow.xml:347
  500. msgid "<command>groupmems</command>"
  501. msgstr "<command>groupmems</command>"
  502. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
  503. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter08/shadow.xml:349
  504. msgid ""
  505. "Allows a user to administer his/her own group membership list without the "
  506. "requirement of super user privileges."
  507. msgstr "允许用户在不需要超级用户权限的情况下,管理自己的组成员列表"
  508. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><indexterm><primary>
  509. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter08/shadow.xml:352
  510. msgid "groupmems"
  511. msgstr "groupmems"
  512. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
  513. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter08/shadow.xml:358
  514. msgid "<command>groupmod</command>"
  515. msgstr "<command>groupmod</command>"
  516. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
  517. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter08/shadow.xml:360
  518. msgid "Is used to modify the given group's name or GID"
  519. msgstr "用于修改给定的组名称或 GID"
  520. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><indexterm><primary>
  521. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter08/shadow.xml:362
  522. msgid "groupmod"
  523. msgstr "groupmod"
  524. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
  525. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter08/shadow.xml:368
  526. msgid "<command>grpck</command>"
  527. msgstr "<command>grpck</command>"
  528. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
  529. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter08/shadow.xml:370
  530. msgid ""
  531. "Verifies the integrity of the group files <filename>/etc/group</filename> "
  532. "and <filename>/etc/gshadow</filename>"
  533. msgstr ""
  534. "验证组文件 <filename>/etc/group</filename> 和 <filename>/etc/gshadow</"
  535. "filename> 的完整性"
  536. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><indexterm><primary>
  537. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter08/shadow.xml:374
  538. msgid "grpck"
  539. msgstr "grpck"
  540. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
  541. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter08/shadow.xml:380
  542. msgid "<command>grpconv</command>"
  543. msgstr "<command>grpconv</command>"
  544. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
  545. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter08/shadow.xml:382
  546. msgid "Creates or updates the shadow group file from the normal group file"
  547. msgstr "根据普通组文件创建或更新加密组文件"
  548. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><indexterm><primary>
  549. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter08/shadow.xml:385
  550. msgid "grpconv"
  551. msgstr "grpconv"
  552. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
  553. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter08/shadow.xml:391
  554. msgid "<command>grpunconv</command>"
  555. msgstr "<command>grpunconv</command>"
  556. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
  557. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter08/shadow.xml:393
  558. msgid ""
  559. "Updates <filename>/etc/group</filename> from <filename>/etc/gshadow</"
  560. "filename> and then deletes the latter"
  561. msgstr ""
  562. "根据 <filename>/etc/gshadow</filename> 文件更新 <filename>/etc/group</"
  563. "filename> 文件,并删除前者"
  564. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><indexterm><primary>
  565. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter08/shadow.xml:396
  566. msgid "grpunconv"
  567. msgstr "grpunconv"
  568. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
  569. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter08/shadow.xml:402
  570. msgid "<command>lastlog</command>"
  571. msgstr "<command>lastlog</command>"
  572. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
  573. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter08/shadow.xml:404
  574. msgid "Reports the most recent login of all users or of a given user"
  575. msgstr "报告所有用户或给定用户最后一次登录的信息"
  576. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><indexterm><primary>
  577. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter08/shadow.xml:407
  578. msgid "lastlog"
  579. msgstr "lastlog"
  580. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
  581. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter08/shadow.xml:413
  582. msgid "<command>login</command>"
  583. msgstr "<command>login</command>"
  584. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
  585. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter08/shadow.xml:415
  586. msgid "Is used by the system to let users sign on"
  587. msgstr "被系统用于允许用户登录"
  588. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><indexterm><primary>
  589. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter08/shadow.xml:417
  590. msgid "login"
  591. msgstr "login"
  592. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
  593. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter08/shadow.xml:423
  594. msgid "<command>logoutd</command>"
  595. msgstr "<command>logoutd</command>"
  596. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
  597. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter08/shadow.xml:425
  598. msgid "Is a daemon used to enforce restrictions on log-on time and ports"
  599. msgstr "是一个限制登录时间和端口的守护进程"
  600. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><indexterm><primary>
  601. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter08/shadow.xml:428
  602. msgid "logoutd"
  603. msgstr "logoutd"
  604. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
  605. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter08/shadow.xml:434
  606. msgid "<command>newgidmap</command>"
  607. msgstr "<command>newgidmap</command>"
  608. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
  609. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter08/shadow.xml:436
  610. msgid "Is used to set the gid mapping of a user namespace"
  611. msgstr "用于设定用户命名空间的 gid 映射"
  612. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><indexterm><primary>
  613. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter08/shadow.xml:438
  614. msgid "newgidmap"
  615. msgstr "newgidmap"
  616. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
  617. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter08/shadow.xml:444
  618. msgid "<command>newgrp</command>"
  619. msgstr "<command>newgrp</command>"
  620. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
  621. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter08/shadow.xml:446
  622. msgid "Is used to change the current GID during a login session"
  623. msgstr "用于在登录会话中修改当前 GID"
  624. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><indexterm><primary>
  625. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter08/shadow.xml:448
  626. msgid "newgrp"
  627. msgstr "newgrp"
  628. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
  629. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter08/shadow.xml:454
  630. msgid "<command>newuidmap</command>"
  631. msgstr "<command>newuidmap</command>"
  632. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
  633. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter08/shadow.xml:456
  634. msgid "Is used to set the uid mapping of a user namespace"
  635. msgstr "用于设定用户命名空间的 uid 映射"
  636. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><indexterm><primary>
  637. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter08/shadow.xml:458
  638. msgid "newuidmap"
  639. msgstr "newuidmap"
  640. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
  641. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter08/shadow.xml:464
  642. msgid "<command>newusers</command>"
  643. msgstr "<command>newusers</command>"
  644. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
  645. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter08/shadow.xml:466
  646. msgid "Is used to create or update an entire series of user accounts"
  647. msgstr "用于批量创建或更新用户账户"
  648. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><indexterm><primary>
  649. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter08/shadow.xml:469
  650. msgid "newusers"
  651. msgstr "newusers"
  652. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
  653. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter08/shadow.xml:475
  654. msgid "<command>nologin</command>"
  655. msgstr "<command>nologin</command>"
  656. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
  657. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter08/shadow.xml:477
  658. msgid ""
  659. "Displays a message that an account is not available; it is designed to be "
  660. "used as the default shell for accounts that have been disabled"
  661. msgstr "显示一条账户不可用的消息;它被设计为用来当作被禁用的账户的默认 shell"
  662. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><indexterm><primary>
  663. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter08/shadow.xml:481
  664. msgid "nologin"
  665. msgstr "nologin"
  666. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
  667. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter08/shadow.xml:487
  668. msgid "<command>passwd</command>"
  669. msgstr "<command>passwd</command>"
  670. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
  671. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter08/shadow.xml:489
  672. msgid "Is used to change the password for a user or group account"
  673. msgstr "用于修改用户或组账户的密码"
  674. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><indexterm><primary>
  675. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter08/shadow.xml:491
  676. msgid "passwd"
  677. msgstr "passwd"
  678. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
  679. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter08/shadow.xml:497
  680. msgid "<command>pwck</command>"
  681. msgstr "<command>pwck</command>"
  682. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
  683. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter08/shadow.xml:499
  684. msgid ""
  685. "Verifies the integrity of the password files <filename>/etc/passwd</"
  686. "filename> and <filename>/etc/shadow</filename>"
  687. msgstr ""
  688. "检验密码文件 <filename>/etc/passwd</filename> 和 <filename>/etc/shadow</"
  689. "filename> 的完整性"
  690. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><indexterm><primary>
  691. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter08/shadow.xml:503
  692. msgid "pwck"
  693. msgstr "pwck"
  694. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
  695. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter08/shadow.xml:509
  696. msgid "<command>pwconv</command>"
  697. msgstr "<command>pwconv</command>"
  698. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
  699. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter08/shadow.xml:511
  700. msgid ""
  701. "Creates or updates the shadow password file from the normal password file"
  702. msgstr "从普通密码文件创建或更新加密密码文件"
  703. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><indexterm><primary>
  704. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter08/shadow.xml:514
  705. msgid "pwconv"
  706. msgstr "pwconv"
  707. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
  708. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter08/shadow.xml:520
  709. msgid "<command>pwunconv</command>"
  710. msgstr "<command>pwunconv</command>"
  711. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
  712. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter08/shadow.xml:522
  713. msgid ""
  714. "Updates <filename>/etc/passwd</filename> from <filename>/etc/shadow</"
  715. "filename> and then deletes the latter"
  716. msgstr ""
  717. "根据 <filename>/etc/shadow</filename> 更新 <filename>/etc/passwd</filename> "
  718. "并删除前者"
  719. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><indexterm><primary>
  720. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter08/shadow.xml:525
  721. msgid "pwunconv"
  722. msgstr "pwunconv"
  723. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
  724. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter08/shadow.xml:531
  725. msgid "<command>sg</command>"
  726. msgstr "<command>sg</command>"
  727. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
  728. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter08/shadow.xml:533
  729. msgid ""
  730. "Executes a given command while the user's GID is set to that of the given "
  731. "group"
  732. msgstr "在用户 GID 设为给定组 ID 的情况下,执行给定命令"
  733. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><indexterm><primary>
  734. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter08/shadow.xml:536
  735. msgid "sg"
  736. msgstr "sg"
  737. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
  738. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter08/shadow.xml:542
  739. msgid "<command>su</command>"
  740. msgstr "<command>su</command>"
  741. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
  742. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter08/shadow.xml:544
  743. msgid "Runs a shell with substitute user and group IDs"
  744. msgstr "用替换的用户和组 ID 运行 shell"
  745. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><indexterm><primary>
  746. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter08/shadow.xml:546
  747. msgid "su"
  748. msgstr "su"
  749. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
  750. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter08/shadow.xml:552
  751. msgid "<command>useradd</command>"
  752. msgstr "<command>useradd</command>"
  753. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
  754. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter08/shadow.xml:554
  755. msgid ""
  756. "Creates a new user with the given name, or updates the default new-user "
  757. "information"
  758. msgstr "以指定名称创建新用户,或更新新用户默认信息"
  759. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><indexterm><primary>
  760. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter08/shadow.xml:557
  761. msgid "useradd"
  762. msgstr "useradd"
  763. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
  764. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter08/shadow.xml:563
  765. msgid "<command>userdel</command>"
  766. msgstr "<command>userdel</command>"
  767. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
  768. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter08/shadow.xml:565
  769. msgid "Deletes the given user account"
  770. msgstr "删除给定用户"
  771. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><indexterm><primary>
  772. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter08/shadow.xml:567
  773. msgid "userdel"
  774. msgstr "userdel"
  775. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
  776. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter08/shadow.xml:573
  777. msgid "<command>usermod</command>"
  778. msgstr "<command>usermod</command>"
  779. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
  780. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter08/shadow.xml:575
  781. msgid ""
  782. "Is used to modify the given user's login name, User Identification (UID), "
  783. "shell, initial group, home directory, etc."
  784. msgstr ""
  785. "修改给定用户的登录名称、用户标识符 (UID)、shell、初始组、home 目录等信息"
  786. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><indexterm><primary>
  787. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter08/shadow.xml:578
  788. msgid "usermod"
  789. msgstr "usermod"
  790. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
  791. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter08/shadow.xml:584
  792. msgid "<command>vigr</command>"
  793. msgstr "<command>vigr</command>"
  794. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
  795. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter08/shadow.xml:586
  796. msgid ""
  797. "Edits the <filename>/etc/group</filename> or <filename>/etc/gshadow</"
  798. "filename> files"
  799. msgstr ""
  800. "编辑 <filename>/etc/group</filename> 或 <filename>/etc/gshadow</filename> 文"
  801. "件"
  802. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><indexterm><primary>
  803. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter08/shadow.xml:589
  804. msgid "vigr"
  805. msgstr "vigr"
  806. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
  807. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter08/shadow.xml:595
  808. msgid "<command>vipw</command>"
  809. msgstr "<command>vipw</command>"
  810. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
  811. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter08/shadow.xml:597
  812. msgid ""
  813. "Edits the <filename>/etc/passwd</filename> or <filename>/etc/shadow</"
  814. "filename> files"
  815. msgstr ""
  816. "编辑 <filename>/etc/passwd</filename> 或 <filename>/etc/shadow</filename> 文"
  817. "件"
  818. #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><indexterm><primary>
  819. #: /home/xry111/svn-repos/LFS-BOOK/chapter08/shadow.xml:600
  820. msgid "vipw"
  821. msgstr "vipw"