lfs-book-i18n/zh_CN/chapter07/kernfs.po

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#. type: Content of: <sect1><title>
msgid "Preparing Virtual Kernel File Systems"
msgstr "准备虚拟内核文件系统"

#. type: Content of: <sect1><indexterm><primary>
msgid "/dev/*"
msgstr "/dev/*"

#. type: Content of: <sect1><para>
msgid ""
"Various file systems exported by the kernel are used to communicate to and "
"from the kernel itself. These file systems are virtual in that no disk space "
"is used for them. The content of the file systems resides in memory."
msgstr ""
"内核对外提供了一些文件系统，以便自己和用户空间进行通信。它们是虚拟文件系统，"
"并不占用磁盘空间，其内容保留在内存中。"

#. type: Content of: <sect1><para>
msgid ""
"Begin by creating directories onto which the file systems will be mounted:"
msgstr "首先创建这些文件系统的挂载点："

#. type: Content of: <sect1><screen>
#, no-wrap
msgid "<userinput>mkdir -pv $LFS/{dev,proc,sys,run}</userinput>"
msgstr "<userinput>mkdir -pv $LFS/{dev,proc,sys,run}</userinput>"

#. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><title>
msgid "Creating Initial Device Nodes"
msgstr "创建初始设备节点"

#. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><para>
msgid ""
"When the kernel boots the system, it requires the presence of a few device "
"nodes, in particular the <filename class=\"devicefile\">console</filename> "
"and <filename class=\"devicefile\">null</filename> devices. The device nodes "
"must be created on the hard disk so that they are available before the "
"kernel populates <systemitem class=\"filesystem\">/dev</systemitem>), and "
"additionally when Linux is started with <parameter>init=/bin/bash</"
"parameter>. Create the devices by running the following commands:"
msgstr ""
"在内核引导系统时，它需要一些设备节点，特别是 <filename class=\"devicefile"
"\">console</filename> 和 <filename class=\"devicefile\">null</filename> 两个"
"设备。它们需要创建在硬盘上，这样在内核填充 <systemitem class=\"filesystem\">/"
"dev</systemitem> 前，或者 Linux 使用 <parameter>init=/bin/bash</parameter> 内"
"核选项启动时，也能使用它们。运行以下命令创建它们："

#. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><screen>
#, no-wrap
msgid ""
"<userinput>mknod -m 600 $LFS/dev/console c 5 1\n"
"mknod -m 666 $LFS/dev/null c 1 3</userinput>"
msgstr ""
"<userinput>mknod -m 600 $LFS/dev/console c 5 1\n"
"mknod -m 666 $LFS/dev/null c 1 3</userinput>"

#. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><title>
msgid "Mounting and Populating /dev"
msgstr "挂载和填充 /dev"

#. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><para>
msgid ""
"The recommended method of populating the <filename class=\"directory\">/dev</"
"filename> directory with devices is to mount a virtual filesystem (such as "
"<systemitem class=\"filesystem\">tmpfs</systemitem>) on the <filename class="
"\"directory\">/dev</filename> directory, and allow the devices to be created "
"dynamically on that virtual filesystem as they are detected or accessed. "
"Device creation is generally done during the boot process by Udev. Since "
"this new system does not yet have Udev and has not yet been booted, it is "
"necessary to mount and populate <filename class=\"directory\">/dev</"
"filename> manually. This is accomplished by bind mounting the host system's "
"<filename class=\"directory\">/dev</filename> directory. A bind mount is a "
"special type of mount that allows you to create a mirror of a directory or "
"mount point to some other location. Use the following command to achieve "
"this:"
msgstr ""
"用设备文件填充 <filename class=\"directory\">/dev</filename> 目录的推荐方法是"
"挂载一个虚拟文件系统 (例如 <systemitem class=\"filesystem\">tmpfs</"
"systemitem>) 到 <filename class=\"directory\">/dev</filename>，然后在设备被发"
"现或访问时动态地创建设备文件。这个工作通常由 Udev 在系统引导时完成。然而，我"
"们的新系统还没有 Udev，也没有被引导过，因此必须手工挂载和填充 <filename "
"class=\"directory\">/dev</filename>。这可以通过绑定挂载宿主系统的 <filename "
"class=\"directory\">/dev</filename> 目录就实现。绑定挂载是一种特殊挂载类型，"
"它允许在另外的位置创建某个目录或挂载点的映像。运行以下命令进行绑定挂载："

#. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><screen>
#, no-wrap
msgid "<userinput>mount -v --bind /dev $LFS/dev</userinput>"
msgstr "<userinput>mount -v --bind /dev $LFS/dev</userinput>"

#. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><title>
msgid "Mounting Virtual Kernel File Systems"
msgstr "挂载虚拟内核文件系统"

#. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><para>
msgid "Now mount the remaining virtual kernel filesystems:"
msgstr "现在挂载其余的虚拟内核文件系统："

#. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><screen>
#, no-wrap
msgid ""
"<userinput>mount -v --bind /dev/pts $LFS/dev/pts\n"
"mount -vt proc proc $LFS/proc\n"
"mount -vt sysfs sysfs $LFS/sys\n"
"mount -vt tmpfs tmpfs $LFS/run</userinput>"
msgstr ""
"<userinput>mount -v --bind /dev/pts $LFS/dev/pts\n"
"mount -vt proc proc $LFS/proc\n"
"mount -vt sysfs sysfs $LFS/sys\n"
"mount -vt tmpfs tmpfs $LFS/run</userinput>"

#. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><para>
msgid ""
"In some host systems, <filename>/dev/shm</filename> is a symbolic link to "
"<filename class=\"directory\">/run/shm</filename>.  The /run tmpfs was "
"mounted above so in this case only a directory needs to be created."
msgstr ""
"在某些宿主系统上，<filename>/dev/shm</filename> 是一个指向 <filename class="
"\"directory\">/run/shm</filename> 的符号链接。我们已经在 /run 下挂载了 tmpfs "
"文件系统，因此在这里只需要创建一个目录。"

#. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><screen>
#, no-wrap
msgid ""
"<userinput>if [ -h $LFS/dev/shm ]; then\n"
"  mkdir -pv $LFS/$(readlink $LFS/dev/shm)\n"
"fi</userinput>"
msgstr ""
"<userinput>if [ -h $LFS/dev/shm ]; then\n"
"  mkdir -pv $LFS/$(readlink $LFS/dev/shm)\n"
"fi</userinput>"