msgid "Using GRUB to Set Up the Boot Process" msgstr "使用 GRUB 设定引导过程" #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><title> msgid "Introduction" msgstr "概述" #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><warning><para> msgid "" "Configuring GRUB incorrectly can render your system inoperable without an " "alternate boot device such as a CD-ROM or bootable USB drive. This section " "is not required to boot your LFS system. You may just want to modify your " "current boot loader, e.g. Grub-Legacy, GRUB2, or LILO." msgstr "" "如果您不小心错误地配置了 GRUB，可能导致您的系统完全无法使用，除非使用 CD-ROM " "或可引导的 USB 存储器等备用引导设备。本节不是引导您的 LFS 系统的唯一方案，您" "可能只要修改现有的启动加载器 (如 Grub-Legacy、GRUB2 或 LILO) 配置即可引导 " "LFS。" #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><para> msgid "" "Ensure that an emergency boot disk is ready to <quote>rescue</quote> the " "computer if the computer becomes unusable (un-bootable). If you do not " "already have a boot device, you can create one. In order for the procedure " "below to work, you need to jump ahead to BLFS and install " "<userinput>xorriso</userinput> from the <ulink url=\"&blfs-book;multimedia/" "libisoburn.html\"> libisoburn</ulink> package." msgstr "" "您务必保证自己拥有一个紧急引导磁盘，它在计算机不可用 (无法引导) 时能够 " "<quote>抢修</quote> 计算机。如果您现在还没有引导设备，您可以执行以下命令创建" "一个。在运行下列命令前，您需要跳到 BLFS，安装包含 <userinput>xorriso</" "userinput> 的 <ulink url=\"&blfs-book;multimedia/libisoburn.html" "\">libisoburn</ulink> 软件包：" #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><screen> #, no-wrap msgid "" "<userinput>cd /tmp \n" "grub-mkrescue --output=grub-img.iso \n" "xorriso -as cdrecord -v dev=/dev/cdrw blank=as_needed grub-img.iso</userinput>" msgstr "" "<userinput>cd /tmp \n" "grub-mkrescue --output=grub-img.iso \n" "xorriso -as cdrecord -v dev=/dev/cdrw blank=as_needed grub-img.iso</userinput>" #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><note><para> msgid "" "To boot LFS on host systems that have UEFI enabled, the kernel needs to have " "been built with the CONFIG_EFI_STUB capability described in the previous " "section. However, LFS can be booted using GRUB2 without such an addition. " "To do this, the UEFI Mode and Secure Boot capabilities in the host system's " "BIOS need to be turned off. For details, see <ulink url=\"&hints-root;lfs-" "uefi.txt\"> the lfs-uefi.txt hint</ulink> at &hints-root;lfs-uefi.txt." msgstr "" "为了在使用 UEFI 的宿主系统上引导 LFS，在构建内核时，需要启用 CONFIG_EFI_STUB " "功能，正如上一节所述。不过，可以使用 GRUB2 在没有该功能的情况下引导 LFS，前提" "是在系统 BIOS 设定中关闭 UEFI 模式和安全引导 (Secure Boot) 功能。关于在 UEFI " "环境下引导 LFS 的的详细信息，可以参阅 <ulink url=\"&hints-root;lfs-uefi.txt" "\">lfs-uefi.txt hint</ulink>，它位于 &hints-root;lfs-uefi.txt。" #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><title> msgid "GRUB Naming Conventions" msgstr "GRUB 命名惯例" #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><para> msgid "" "GRUB uses its own naming structure for drives and partitions in the form of " "<emphasis>(hdn,m)</emphasis>, where <emphasis>n</emphasis> is the hard drive " "number and <emphasis>m</emphasis> is the partition number. The hard drive " "number starts from zero, but the partition number starts from one for normal " "partitions and five for extended partitions. Note that this is different " "from earlier versions where both numbers started from zero. For example, " "partition <filename class=\"partition\">sda1</filename> is " "<emphasis>(hd0,1)</emphasis> to GRUB and <filename class=\"partition\">sdb3</" "filename> is <emphasis>(hd1,3)</emphasis>. In contrast to Linux, GRUB does " "not consider CD-ROM drives to be hard drives. For example, if using a CD on " "<filename class=\"partition\">hdb</filename> and a second hard drive on " "<filename class=\"partition\">hdc</filename>, that second hard drive would " "still be <emphasis>(hd1)</emphasis>." msgstr "" "GRUB 使用一种独特的命名结构，为驱动器和分区命名。分区名的形式为 " "<emphasis>(hdn,m)</emphasis>，这里 <emphasis>n</emphasis> 是硬盘驱动器编号，" "<emphasis>m</emphasis> 是分区编号。硬盘驱动器编号从 0 开始，但分区号对于主分" "区来说从 1 开始，而对于扩展分区来说从 5 开始。例如，分区 <filename class=" "\"partition\">sda1</filename> 在 GRUB 中的名字是 <emphasis>(hd0, 1)</" "emphasis>，而 <filename class=\"partition\">sda3</filename> 的名字是 " "<emphasis>(hd1, 3)</emphasis>。和 Linux 不同，GRUB 不认为 CD-ROM 驱动器属于硬" "盘驱动器。例如，如果在 <filename class=\"partition\">hdb</filename> 上有一个 " "CD-ROM 驱动器，而 <filename class=\"partition\">hdc</filename> 上有第二个硬盘" "驱动器，则第二个硬盘驱动器仍然名为 <emphasis>hd1</emphasis>。" #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><title> msgid "Setting Up the Configuration" msgstr "设定 GRUB 配置" #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><para> msgid "" "GRUB works by writing data to the first physical track of the hard disk. " "This area is not part of any file system. The programs there access GRUB " "modules in the boot partition. The default location is /boot/grub/." msgstr "" "GRUB 的工作方式是，将数据写入硬盘的第一个物理磁道。这里不属于任何文件系统，在" "启动时，第一个物理磁道中的程序从引导分区加载 GRUB 模块，默认在 /boot/grub 中" "查找模块。" #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><para> msgid "" "The location of the boot partition is a choice of the user that affects the " "configuration. One recommendation is to have a separate small (suggested " "size is 200 MB) partition just for boot information. That way each build, " "whether LFS or some commercial distro, can access the same boot files and " "access can be made from any booted system. If you choose to do this, you " "will need to mount the separate partition, move all files in the current " "<filename class=\"directory\">/boot</filename> directory (e.g. the linux " "kernel you just built in the previous section) to the new partition. You " "will then need to unmount the partition and remount it as <filename class=" "\"directory\">/boot</filename>. If you do this, be sure to update " "<filename>/etc/fstab</filename>." msgstr "" "引导分区的位置由负责进行配置的用户自己决定，作者推荐创建一个小的 (建议大小为 " "200 MB) 分区，专门存放引导信息。这样，不同的 Linux 系统 (无论是 LFS 还是商业" "发行版) 在启动时和启动后都能访问相同的引导文件。如果您选择这样做，您需要挂载" "这个单独的分区，将 <filename class=\"directory\">/boot</filename> 中已有的文" "件 (例如上一节中构建的内核) 移动到新的分区中。之后，解除该分区的挂载，并将它" "挂载为 <filename class=\"directory\">/boot</filename>。另外，还要注意更新 " "<filename>/etc/fstab</filename>。" #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><para> msgid "" "Using the current lfs partition will also work, but configuration for " "multiple systems is more difficult." msgstr "直接使用 LFS 分区也是可以的，但这样在配置多系统启动时比较麻烦。" #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><para> msgid "" "Using the above information, determine the appropriate designator for the " "root partition (or boot partition, if a separate one is used). For the " "following example, it is assumed that the root (or separate boot) partition " "is <filename class=\"partition\">sda2</filename>." msgstr "" "根据以上信息，确定 LFS 根分区 (或 boot 分区，如果使用了独立的 boot 分区) 的名" "称。下面假设 LFS 根分区 (或 boot 分区) 是 <filename class=\"partition" "\">sda2</filename>。" #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><para> msgid "" "Install the GRUB files into <filename class=\"directory\">/boot/grub</" "filename> and set up the boot track:" msgstr "" "将 GRUB 文件安装到<filename class=\"directory\">/boot/grub</filename> 并设定" "引导磁道：" #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><warning><para> msgid "" "The following command will overwrite the current boot loader. Do not run the " "command if this is not desired, for example, if using a third party boot " "manager to manage the Master Boot Record (MBR)." msgstr "" "以下命令会覆盖当前启动引导器，如果这不是您希望的，不要运行该命令。例如，如果" "您使用第三方启动引导器管理主引导记录 (MBR)。" #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><screen> #, no-wrap msgid "<userinput>grub-install /dev/sda</userinput>" msgstr "<userinput>grub-install /dev/sda</userinput>" #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><note><para> msgid "" "If the system has been booted using UEFI, <command>grub-install</command> " "will try to install files for the <emphasis>x86_64-efi</emphasis> target, " "but those files have not been installed in chapter 6. If this is the case, " "add <option>--target i386-pc</option> to the command above." msgstr "" "如果系统是使用 UEFI 引导的，<command>grub-install</command> 会试图为 " "<emphasis>x86_64-efi</emphasis> 目标安装文件，但它们并未在第 6 章中安装。如果" "出现了这类问题，请在以上命令中添加 <option>--target i386-pc</option> 选项。" #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><title> msgid "Creating the GRUB Configuration File" msgstr "创建 GRUB 配置文件" #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><para> msgid "Generate <filename>/boot/grub/grub.cfg</filename>:" msgstr "生成 <filename>/boot/grub/grub.cfg</filename>：" #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><screen> #, no-wrap msgid "" "<userinput>cat > /boot/grub/grub.cfg << \"EOF\"\n" "<literal># Begin /boot/grub/grub.cfg\n" "set default=0\n" "set timeout=5\n" "\n" "insmod ext2\n" "set root=(hd0,2)\n" "\n" "menuentry \"GNU/Linux, Linux &linux-version;-lfs-&version;\" {\n" " linux /boot/vmlinuz-&linux-version;-lfs-&version; root=/dev/sda2 ro\n" "}</literal>\n" "EOF</userinput>" msgstr "" "<userinput>cat > /boot/grub/grub.cfg << \"EOF\"\n" "<literal># Begin /boot/grub/grub.cfg\n" "set default=0\n" "set timeout=5\n" "\n" "insmod ext2\n" "set root=(hd0,2)\n" "\n" "menuentry \"GNU/Linux, Linux &linux-version;-lfs-&version;\" {\n" " linux /boot/vmlinuz-&linux-version;-lfs-&version; root=/dev/sda2 ro\n" "}</literal>\n" "EOF</userinput>" #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><screen> #, no-wrap msgid "" "<userinput>cat > /boot/grub/grub.cfg << \"EOF\"\n" "<literal># Begin /boot/grub/grub.cfg\n" "set default=0\n" "set timeout=5\n" "\n" "insmod ext2\n" "set root=(hd0,2)\n" "\n" "menuentry \"GNU/Linux, Linux &linux-version;-lfs-&versiond;\" {\n" " linux /boot/vmlinuz-&linux-version;-lfs-&versiond; root=/dev/sda2 ro\n" "}</literal>\n" "EOF</userinput>" msgstr "" "<userinput>cat > /boot/grub/grub.cfg << \"EOF\"\n" "<literal># Begin /boot/grub/grub.cfg\n" "set default=0\n" "set timeout=5\n" "\n" "insmod ext2\n" "set root=(hd0,2)\n" "\n" "menuentry \"GNU/Linux, Linux &linux-version;-lfs-&versiond;\" {\n" " linux /boot/vmlinuz-&linux-version;-lfs-&versiond; root=/dev/sda2 ro\n" "}</literal>\n" "EOF</userinput>" #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><note><para> msgid "" "From <application>GRUB</application>'s perspective, the kernel files are " "relative to the partition used. If you used a separate /boot partition, " "remove /boot from the above <emphasis>linux</emphasis> line. You will also " "need to change the <emphasis>set root</emphasis> line to point to the boot " "partition." msgstr "" "从 <application>GRUB</application>的视角来看，内核文件的位置相对于它使用的分" "区。如果您使用了单独的 /boot 分区，需要从上面的 <emphasis>linux</emphasis> 行" "删除 /boot，然后修改 <emphasis>set root</emphasis> 行，指向 /boot 分区。" #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><para> msgid "" "GRUB is an extremely powerful program and it provides a tremendous number of " "options for booting from a wide variety of devices, operating systems, and " "partition types. There are also many options for customization such as " "graphical splash screens, playing sounds, mouse input, etc. The details of " "these options are beyond the scope of this introduction." msgstr "" "GRUB 是一个很强大的程序，它提供了非常多的选项，可以支持多种设备、操作系统和分" "区类型，还有很多用于定制启动屏幕、声音、鼠标输入等的选项。这些选项的细节超过" "了本书的范围，不予讨论。" #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><caution><para> msgid "" "There is a command, <application>grub-mkconfig</application>, that can write " "a configuration file automatically. It uses a set of scripts in /etc/grub." "d/ and will destroy any customizations that you make. These scripts are " "designed primarily for non-source distributions and are not recommended for " "LFS. If you install a commercial Linux distribution, there is a good chance " "that this program will be run. Be sure to back up your grub.cfg file." msgstr "" "有一个命令 <application>grub-mkconfig</application> 被用于自动创建配置文件。" "它使用 /etc/grub.d 中的脚本创建新配置文件，这会覆盖您手动编写的 grub.cfg。这" "些脚本主要是为非源代码发行版设计的，在 LFS 中不推荐使用。但是，如果您安装了商" "业发行版，它很可能在发行版中被运行，记得备份 grub.cfg 以防它被覆盖。"

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#, no-wrap msgid "&grub-url;" msgstr "&grub-url;" #. type: Content of: msgid "" "grub &grub-version; " msgstr "" "grub &grub-version; " #. type: Content of: msgid "Using GRUB to Set Up the Boot Process" msgstr "使用 GRUB 设定引导过程" #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><title> msgid "Introduction" msgstr "概述" #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><warning><para> msgid "" "Configuring GRUB incorrectly can render your system inoperable without an " "alternate boot device such as a CD-ROM or bootable USB drive. This section " "is not required to boot your LFS system. You may just want to modify your " "current boot loader, e.g. Grub-Legacy, GRUB2, or LILO." msgstr "" "如果您不小心错误地配置了 GRUB，可能导致您的系统完全无法使用，除非使用 CD-ROM " "或可引导的 USB 存储器等备用引导设备。本节不是引导您的 LFS 系统的唯一方案，您" "可能只要修改现有的启动加载器 (如 Grub-Legacy、GRUB2 或 LILO) 配置即可引导 " "LFS。" #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><para> msgid "" "Ensure that an emergency boot disk is ready to <quote>rescue</quote> the " "computer if the computer becomes unusable (un-bootable). If you do not " "already have a boot device, you can create one. In order for the procedure " "below to work, you need to jump ahead to BLFS and install " "<userinput>xorriso</userinput> from the <ulink url=\"&blfs-book;multimedia/" "libisoburn.html\"> libisoburn</ulink> package." msgstr "" "您务必保证自己拥有一个紧急引导磁盘，它在计算机不可用 (无法引导) 时能够 " "<quote>抢修</quote> 计算机。如果您现在还没有引导设备，您可以执行以下命令创建" "一个。在运行下列命令前，您需要跳到 BLFS，安装包含 <userinput>xorriso</" "userinput> 的 <ulink url=\"&blfs-book;multimedia/libisoburn.html" "\">libisoburn</ulink> 软件包：" #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><screen> #, no-wrap msgid "" "<userinput>cd /tmp \n" "grub-mkrescue --output=grub-img.iso \n" "xorriso -as cdrecord -v dev=/dev/cdrw blank=as_needed grub-img.iso</userinput>" msgstr "" "<userinput>cd /tmp \n" "grub-mkrescue --output=grub-img.iso \n" "xorriso -as cdrecord -v dev=/dev/cdrw blank=as_needed grub-img.iso</userinput>" #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><note><para> msgid "" "To boot LFS on host systems that have UEFI enabled, the kernel needs to have " "been built with the CONFIG_EFI_STUB capability described in the previous " "section. However, LFS can be booted using GRUB2 without such an addition. " "To do this, the UEFI Mode and Secure Boot capabilities in the host system's " "BIOS need to be turned off. For details, see <ulink url=\"&hints-root;lfs-" "uefi.txt\"> the lfs-uefi.txt hint</ulink> at &hints-root;lfs-uefi.txt." msgstr "" "为了在使用 UEFI 的宿主系统上引导 LFS，在构建内核时，需要启用 CONFIG_EFI_STUB " "功能，正如上一节所述。不过，可以使用 GRUB2 在没有该功能的情况下引导 LFS，前提" "是在系统 BIOS 设定中关闭 UEFI 模式和安全引导 (Secure Boot) 功能。关于在 UEFI " "环境下引导 LFS 的的详细信息，可以参阅 <ulink url=\"&hints-root;lfs-uefi.txt" "\">lfs-uefi.txt hint</ulink>，它位于 &hints-root;lfs-uefi.txt。" #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><title> msgid "GRUB Naming Conventions" msgstr "GRUB 命名惯例" #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><para> msgid "" "GRUB uses its own naming structure for drives and partitions in the form of " "<emphasis>(hdn,m)</emphasis>, where <emphasis>n</emphasis> is the hard drive " "number and <emphasis>m</emphasis> is the partition number. The hard drive " "number starts from zero, but the partition number starts from one for normal " "partitions and five for extended partitions. Note that this is different " "from earlier versions where both numbers started from zero. For example, " "partition <filename class=\"partition\">sda1</filename> is " "<emphasis>(hd0,1)</emphasis> to GRUB and <filename class=\"partition\">sdb3</" "filename> is <emphasis>(hd1,3)</emphasis>. In contrast to Linux, GRUB does " "not consider CD-ROM drives to be hard drives. For example, if using a CD on " "<filename class=\"partition\">hdb</filename> and a second hard drive on " "<filename class=\"partition\">hdc</filename>, that second hard drive would " "still be <emphasis>(hd1)</emphasis>." msgstr "" "GRUB 使用一种独特的命名结构，为驱动器和分区命名。分区名的形式为 " "<emphasis>(hdn,m)</emphasis>，这里 <emphasis>n</emphasis> 是硬盘驱动器编号，" "<emphasis>m</emphasis> 是分区编号。硬盘驱动器编号从 0 开始，但分区号对于主分" "区来说从 1 开始，而对于扩展分区来说从 5 开始。例如，分区 <filename class=" "\"partition\">sda1</filename> 在 GRUB 中的名字是 <emphasis>(hd0, 1)</" "emphasis>，而 <filename class=\"partition\">sda3</filename> 的名字是 " "<emphasis>(hd1, 3)</emphasis>。和 Linux 不同，GRUB 不认为 CD-ROM 驱动器属于硬" "盘驱动器。例如，如果在 <filename class=\"partition\">hdb</filename> 上有一个 " "CD-ROM 驱动器，而 <filename class=\"partition\">hdc</filename> 上有第二个硬盘" "驱动器，则第二个硬盘驱动器仍然名为 <emphasis>hd1</emphasis>。" #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><title> msgid "Setting Up the Configuration" msgstr "设定 GRUB 配置" #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><para> msgid "" "GRUB works by writing data to the first physical track of the hard disk. " "This area is not part of any file system. The programs there access GRUB " "modules in the boot partition. The default location is /boot/grub/." msgstr "" "GRUB 的工作方式是，将数据写入硬盘的第一个物理磁道。这里不属于任何文件系统，在" "启动时，第一个物理磁道中的程序从引导分区加载 GRUB 模块，默认在 /boot/grub 中" "查找模块。" #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><para> msgid "" "The location of the boot partition is a choice of the user that affects the " "configuration. One recommendation is to have a separate small (suggested " "size is 200 MB) partition just for boot information. That way each build, " "whether LFS or some commercial distro, can access the same boot files and " "access can be made from any booted system. If you choose to do this, you " "will need to mount the separate partition, move all files in the current " "<filename class=\"directory\">/boot</filename> directory (e.g. the linux " "kernel you just built in the previous section) to the new partition. You " "will then need to unmount the partition and remount it as <filename class=" "\"directory\">/boot</filename>. If you do this, be sure to update " "<filename>/etc/fstab</filename>." msgstr "" "引导分区的位置由负责进行配置的用户自己决定，作者推荐创建一个小的 (建议大小为 " "200 MB) 分区，专门存放引导信息。这样，不同的 Linux 系统 (无论是 LFS 还是商业" "发行版) 在启动时和启动后都能访问相同的引导文件。如果您选择这样做，您需要挂载" "这个单独的分区，将 <filename class=\"directory\">/boot</filename> 中已有的文" "件 (例如上一节中构建的内核) 移动到新的分区中。之后，解除该分区的挂载，并将它" "挂载为 <filename class=\"directory\">/boot</filename>。另外，还要注意更新 " "<filename>/etc/fstab</filename>。" #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><para> msgid "" "Using the current lfs partition will also work, but configuration for " "multiple systems is more difficult." msgstr "直接使用 LFS 分区也是可以的，但这样在配置多系统启动时比较麻烦。" #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><para> msgid "" "Using the above information, determine the appropriate designator for the " "root partition (or boot partition, if a separate one is used). For the " "following example, it is assumed that the root (or separate boot) partition " "is <filename class=\"partition\">sda2</filename>." msgstr "" "根据以上信息，确定 LFS 根分区 (或 boot 分区，如果使用了独立的 boot 分区) 的名" "称。下面假设 LFS 根分区 (或 boot 分区) 是 <filename class=\"partition" "\">sda2</filename>。" #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><para> msgid "" "Install the GRUB files into <filename class=\"directory\">/boot/grub</" "filename> and set up the boot track:" msgstr "" "将 GRUB 文件安装到<filename class=\"directory\">/boot/grub</filename> 并设定" "引导磁道：" #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><warning><para> msgid "" "The following command will overwrite the current boot loader. Do not run the " "command if this is not desired, for example, if using a third party boot " "manager to manage the Master Boot Record (MBR)." msgstr "" "以下命令会覆盖当前启动引导器，如果这不是您希望的，不要运行该命令。例如，如果" "您使用第三方启动引导器管理主引导记录 (MBR)。" #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><screen> #, no-wrap msgid "<userinput>grub-install /dev/sda</userinput>" msgstr "<userinput>grub-install /dev/sda</userinput>" #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><note><para> msgid "" "If the system has been booted using UEFI, <command>grub-install</command> " "will try to install files for the <emphasis>x86_64-efi</emphasis> target, " "but those files have not been installed in chapter 6. If this is the case, " "add <option>--target i386-pc</option> to the command above." msgstr "" "如果系统是使用 UEFI 引导的，<command>grub-install</command> 会试图为 " "<emphasis>x86_64-efi</emphasis> 目标安装文件，但它们并未在第 6 章中安装。如果" "出现了这类问题，请在以上命令中添加 <option>--target i386-pc</option> 选项。" #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><title> msgid "Creating the GRUB Configuration File" msgstr "创建 GRUB 配置文件" #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><para> msgid "Generate <filename>/boot/grub/grub.cfg</filename>:" msgstr "生成 <filename>/boot/grub/grub.cfg</filename>：" #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><screen> #, no-wrap msgid "" "<userinput>cat > /boot/grub/grub.cfg << \"EOF\"\n" "<literal># Begin /boot/grub/grub.cfg\n" "set default=0\n" "set timeout=5\n" "\n" "insmod ext2\n" "set root=(hd0,2)\n" "\n" "menuentry \"GNU/Linux, Linux &linux-version;-lfs-&version;\" {\n" " linux /boot/vmlinuz-&linux-version;-lfs-&version; root=/dev/sda2 ro\n" "}</literal>\n" "EOF</userinput>" msgstr "" "<userinput>cat > /boot/grub/grub.cfg << \"EOF\"\n" "<literal># Begin /boot/grub/grub.cfg\n" "set default=0\n" "set timeout=5\n" "\n" "insmod ext2\n" "set root=(hd0,2)\n" "\n" "menuentry \"GNU/Linux, Linux &linux-version;-lfs-&version;\" {\n" " linux /boot/vmlinuz-&linux-version;-lfs-&version; root=/dev/sda2 ro\n" "}</literal>\n" "EOF</userinput>" #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><screen> #, no-wrap msgid "" "<userinput>cat > /boot/grub/grub.cfg << \"EOF\"\n" "<literal># Begin /boot/grub/grub.cfg\n" "set default=0\n" "set timeout=5\n" "\n" "insmod ext2\n" "set root=(hd0,2)\n" "\n" "menuentry \"GNU/Linux, Linux &linux-version;-lfs-&versiond;\" {\n" " linux /boot/vmlinuz-&linux-version;-lfs-&versiond; root=/dev/sda2 ro\n" "}</literal>\n" "EOF</userinput>" msgstr "" "<userinput>cat > /boot/grub/grub.cfg << \"EOF\"\n" "<literal># Begin /boot/grub/grub.cfg\n" "set default=0\n" "set timeout=5\n" "\n" "insmod ext2\n" "set root=(hd0,2)\n" "\n" "menuentry \"GNU/Linux, Linux &linux-version;-lfs-&versiond;\" {\n" " linux /boot/vmlinuz-&linux-version;-lfs-&versiond; root=/dev/sda2 ro\n" "}</literal>\n" "EOF</userinput>" #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><note><para> msgid "" "From <application>GRUB</application>'s perspective, the kernel files are " "relative to the partition used. If you used a separate /boot partition, " "remove /boot from the above <emphasis>linux</emphasis> line. You will also " "need to change the <emphasis>set root</emphasis> line to point to the boot " "partition." msgstr "" "从 <application>GRUB</application>的视角来看，内核文件的位置相对于它使用的分" "区。如果您使用了单独的 /boot 分区，需要从上面的 <emphasis>linux</emphasis> 行" "删除 /boot，然后修改 <emphasis>set root</emphasis> 行，指向 /boot 分区。" #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><para> msgid "" "GRUB is an extremely powerful program and it provides a tremendous number of " "options for booting from a wide variety of devices, operating systems, and " "partition types. There are also many options for customization such as " "graphical splash screens, playing sounds, mouse input, etc. The details of " "these options are beyond the scope of this introduction." msgstr "" "GRUB 是一个很强大的程序，它提供了非常多的选项，可以支持多种设备、操作系统和分" "区类型，还有很多用于定制启动屏幕、声音、鼠标输入等的选项。这些选项的细节超过" "了本书的范围，不予讨论。" #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><caution><para> msgid "" "There is a command, <application>grub-mkconfig</application>, that can write " "a configuration file automatically. It uses a set of scripts in /etc/grub." "d/ and will destroy any customizations that you make. These scripts are " "designed primarily for non-source distributions and are not recommended for " "LFS. If you install a commercial Linux distribution, there is a good chance " "that this program will be run. Be sure to back up your grub.cfg file." msgstr "" "有一个命令 <application>grub-mkconfig</application> 被用于自动创建配置文件。" "它使用 /etc/grub.d 中的脚本创建新配置文件，这会覆盖您手动编写的 grub.cfg。这" "些脚本主要是为非源代码发行版设计的，在 LFS 中不推荐使用。但是，如果您安装了商" "业发行版，它很可能在发行版中被运行，记得备份 grub.cfg 以防它被覆盖。"